Question

【題目】The human body is designed to move. But modern lifestyles and office jobs rarely give us the chance to move around. As we know, we’re sitting while we’re eating; we sit in the car and we sit while we watch TV. And many of us sit for many hours at work.

New research shows that sitting less than three hours a day might extend your life by two years. Peter Katzmarzyk, a scientist at the University of Louisiana in the southern United States, says that sitting is ubiquitous in our lives, meaning it is something we do all the time, everywhere.

However, Mr. Katzmarzyk says that does not mean you can sit for the rest of your waking hours. He also says you may exercise often, “We can’t throw away physical activity. It’s extremely important. We have 60 years of research showing us that.”

Mr. Katzmarzyk and his colleagues are part of a new generation of researchers studying how sitting all day affects length of life. “Studies that have assessed the relationship between sitting and mortality (死亡率) or television viewing and mortality are very rare. There’s only been a few of them, actually five or six now, in the last four or five years.” They found that cutting television time to less than two hours a day could add one point four years to life.

Luckily, change is already coming to some offices, especially in the design of desks. A “standing desk” lets people stand while they work. Another new design is called the “treadmill desk.” A treadmill is an exercise machine that lets you walk in one place. Even some U.S. schools are beginning to experiment with desks that are part bicycle to keep children moving. That’s one of the strategies that many companies are using now.

Mr. Katzmarzyk also says studying this problem has inspired his team to make a few changes in their own lives.

【1】The underlined word “ubiquitous” is closest in meaning to ________．

A. dangerous B. impressive

C. comfortable D. common

【2】Which view agrees with the opinion of Mr. Katzmarzyk?

A. Sitting long may help people live longer.

B. Exercise is important and don’t sit too long.

C. People are unaware of the harm of sitting too long.

D. Stopping watching TV is a necessary but hard task.

【3】What does Mr. Katzmarzyk think of his study in Paragraph 4?

A. It’s been ignored by many scientists. B. It’s a study that begins too late.

C. It’s an entirely new area of study. D. It’s been a hot subject for scientists.

【4】Why are the desks of all kinds designed for those who sit more?

A. To give them more comfort. B. To improve their work efficiency.

C. To offer them the chance to exercise. D. To seek pleasure while working.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】 D

【2】 B

【3】 A

【4】 C

【解析】

本文是一篇論說文。文章講述了現(xiàn)在的人們坐著的時(shí)間普遍較長(zhǎng)，Mr. Katzmarzyk和他的團(tuán)隊(duì)的研究表明坐一整天對(duì)人們生活的影響，人們因此也在探索在工作學(xué)習(xí)中改變久坐的方式。

【1】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文中“… meaning it is something we do all the time, everywhere.”可知我們幾乎每時(shí)每刻都在坐著，因此該詞的意思是“通常 ”，所以選D。

【2】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“He also says you may exercise often, “We can’t throw away physical activity. It’s extremely important.”，可知選項(xiàng)B的內(nèi)容：鍛煉是重要的，不要久坐，與之相符。故選B。

【3】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“There’s only been a few of them, actually five or six now, in the last four or five years.”，可知關(guān)于這一方面的研究還不多，只是近四五年來才開始研究，它被許多科學(xué)家忽視了，選A。

【4】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段 “A ‘standing desk’ lets people stand while they work. Another new design is called the ‘treadmill desk.’ A treadmill is an exercise machine that lets you walk in one place.”可知是專門為了那些一天到晚都坐著工作的人而設(shè)計(jì)的，是為他們提供鍛煉的機(jī)會(huì)，選C。

細(xì)節(jié)理解題的解題思路：

細(xì)節(jié)理解題就是我們常見的wh-題，它們大多是根據(jù)文章中的具體信息如事實(shí)、例證、原因、過程、論述等進(jìn)行提問的。抓住文段中的事實(shí)和細(xì)節(jié)是做好該題型的關(guān)鍵，也是做好其它類型問題的基礎(chǔ)。該題型幾乎都可以在文章中直接找到與答案有關(guān)的信息，或是其變體。在一篇短文里大部分篇幅都屬于這類圍繞主體展開的細(xì)節(jié)，如本題的小題2和4。做這類題一般采用尋讀法，即先讀題，然后帶著問題快速閱讀短文，找出與問題和選項(xiàng)有關(guān)的詞語或句子，再對(duì)相關(guān)部分進(jìn)行分析對(duì)比，找出答案。例如小題4，Why are the desks of all kinds designed for those who sit more?我們?cè)谠�文中第五段第一句發(fā)現(xiàn)了本題題干中的定位詞 “the design of desks”，再根據(jù)其后的 “… lets people stand while they work. … is an exercise machine that lets you walk in one place.”可知是專門為了那些一天到晚都坐著工作的人而設(shè)計(jì)的，為他們提供鍛煉的機(jī)會(huì)，故可以選出C項(xiàng)。

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