【題目】根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

How to remember your passwords

Remembering and then forgetting your passwords can be a frustrating business, and one that contributes to more than half of calls made to helplines. __【1】___ Once you have reset your password, you’re going to need to remember that one too. Follow our tips on breaking the password-frustration cycle.

___2___

We often create so many user IDs but there are only a small number of passwords that you really need to remember. It’s important for you to remember your banking and email passwords, but do you really need to worry about your occasional eBay visit? If you can commit(交付) just a few to memory, you can hand the rest over to a password keeper to do the remembering for you.

Sign up for a password keeping service.

__3___ You just need to encrypt(加密) your data and keep it in a safe server. Many password keepers require you to remember just one master password, which will give you access to the accounts you have chosen.

Write them down

“Just keep them in a safe place, such as a locked box,” says Internet security blogger Bruce Schneider. ___4___ Thus, it isn’ t entirely discouraged and can be an efficient back-up plan when all else fails.

Work on your memory

__5_ Practicing memory techniques or making certain lifestyle changes, including reducing stress, might just prevent you from having to make that frustrating password phone call ever again.

A. Download a mobile password app.

B. Of course, it doesn’t just stop there.

C. Try to make a note of your passwords.

D. Work out which passwords matter most.

E. Put your money into different accounts.

F. It will remember your passwords for you.

G. Many exercises can help improve your memory.

【答案】

【1】B

【2】D

【3】F

【4】C

【5】G

【解析】

試題分析:本文為人們記住密碼提供了切實(shí)可行的建議。

【1】B 考查上下文的理解判斷能力。前面句子是說(shuō)記住密碼然后又忘記是令人沮喪的事,并且為此有超過(guò)一半的電話都是求助熱線;空格后面一句話說(shuō)的是你一旦重設(shè)新密碼又得記住它。說(shuō)明中間空的這個(gè)句子肯定是要把這前后兩句連起來(lái),所以中間這句正好起到連接前后兩句的作用,故B項(xiàng)當(dāng)然,這不會(huì)就此停止。

【2】D 考查上下文的理解判斷能力。此空屬于小標(biāo)題類。本段第一句話就是說(shuō)你真正需要重點(diǎn)去記住的密碼很少,然后后文舉例說(shuō)明,因此大意正好和D項(xiàng)找出哪些密碼最重要概括本段內(nèi)容,故選D。

【3】F 考查上下文的理解判斷能力。本段標(biāo)題就是說(shuō)密碼管理服務(wù),段落中詳細(xì)說(shuō)明密碼管理服務(wù)的細(xì)節(jié),而且正好F項(xiàng)中的代詞it正好指代這一點(diǎn),它能很好的幫你記密碼。

【4】C 考查上下文的理解判斷能力。這段的標(biāo)題就有寫下,記下的意思,正好對(duì)應(yīng)選項(xiàng)C中make a note的意思,因此答案毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)就是C。

【5】G 考查上下文的理解判斷能力。本段小標(biāo)題就是努力提升記憶力的意思,然后段落中詳細(xì)說(shuō)明做哪些事來(lái)提升記憶力,這正好需要一個(gè)放在句首的主題句,因此G 項(xiàng)再合適不過(guò)了。

【學(xué)法指導(dǎo)】

七選五的解題步驟:

步驟一:快速瀏覽一遍七個(gè)備選答案,先確定哪個(gè)選項(xiàng)適合放在文章的什么位置。通常有三個(gè)四個(gè)位置:標(biāo)題,句首,句中,句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。有時(shí)有的答案表述上就是錯(cuò)誤的,可以直接從備選項(xiàng)中清除,以降低難度。

步驟二:快速瀏覽文章,確定文章體裁,抓住文章結(jié)構(gòu)。

不同的文章有不同的結(jié)構(gòu)形式,確定文章體裁有利于我們確定各段之間的關(guān)系。一般說(shuō)來(lái),記敘文的語(yǔ)言是按時(shí)間發(fā)展順序或因果關(guān)系排列的,常用的連接詞有:then, later, after that, soon, after a while, in the end, so, as a result, because of that等。說(shuō)明文常采用總-分-總的結(jié)構(gòu)形式,第一段說(shuō)明要說(shuō)明的主題,下面幾段多是從不同的角度來(lái)說(shuō)明問(wèn)題,最后總結(jié),所以各段之間多是平行關(guān)系,經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)舉例說(shuō)明的現(xiàn)象。議論文先拋出議題,然后從正反兩個(gè)方面進(jìn)行討論,最后得出結(jié)論。新聞體裁的應(yīng)用文首句為主題句,下面展開細(xì)節(jié)性的報(bào)道。確定文章體裁有利于預(yù)測(cè)文章各段主要內(nèi)容和結(jié)構(gòu)形式,形成重要的選擇依據(jù)。

步驟三:分析篇章結(jié)構(gòu),找出各段的主題句或主旨大意。

分析文章的層次包含兩種形式:一種是分析整篇文章的層次,也就是段落,說(shuō)明文和議論文這樣體裁的文章,每段的第一句多是主題句。找到主題句有助于幫助確定選擇的范圍,即所選句子必須和該段主題一致。另一種是分析每一個(gè)段落內(nèi)部的層次,也就是語(yǔ)篇層次。要真正體會(huì)句際間的意義關(guān)系,把握作者的思路,從語(yǔ)序上去發(fā)現(xiàn)斷續(xù)點(diǎn),理清層次。

步驟四:注意各選項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)的句子銜接手段,尋找句中銜接標(biāo)志詞。

文章的行文需要通過(guò)一定的銜接手段來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)。文章的銜接手段有:重復(fù)式用某一詞語(yǔ)或子范疇的詞語(yǔ),使用同義語(yǔ)表達(dá),用總稱指代具體事物或用具體事物指代整體,使用代詞避免重復(fù)等。上述方法有助于段落的思路平穩(wěn)在句子之間過(guò)渡。連貫使文章的每個(gè)段落、每個(gè)句子甚至每個(gè)短語(yǔ)融為一體。段落一致與句子銜接是文章連貫的兩個(gè)必要因素。

步驟五:區(qū)分相似項(xiàng)

七選五備選答案中有兩個(gè)多余的選項(xiàng),會(huì)對(duì)文章中兩個(gè)空的選擇構(gòu)成干擾,這時(shí)要特別細(xì)致地比對(duì)相似選項(xiàng),方法和答閱讀理解時(shí)區(qū)分相似項(xiàng)一樣。

步驟六:用代入法,檢查答案是否合理。

將所有選擇答案放回空白處,通讀全文,檢查文章內(nèi)容是否語(yǔ)義連貫合理、緊扣主題,語(yǔ)篇結(jié)構(gòu)是否通順連貫、具有一致性、合乎邏輯,寫作思路是否清晰明了,格式以及用語(yǔ)是否恰當(dāng)貼切,從而判斷選擇的答案是否正確。

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