Children with autism(孤獨(dú)癥) have difficulty with social skills and communication. They often behave in restricted and repetitive ways and have what seem like abnormally intense interests.
Autism is more common in boys than girls. What causes it is not clear. Scientists are studying genes and possible environmental influences.
Doctors usually cannot confirm a diagnosis(診斷) of autism until a child is about three years old. Rebecca Landa is a researcher at the Kennedy Krieger Institute and Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine in Maryland. Professor Landa wanted to find out what differences in development might be seen earlier. She led a new study that observed 235 babies between six and 36 months of age.
"At six months of age, the signs of some risk for developing communication and social delays, including autism, include motor delays. Like when you lay your baby on their back and you pull them by the arms gently into a seated position, the baby's head may nod back behind the shoulders, like poor head control. So that does not mean that the baby is going to have autism, but it does mean the baby needs to have some exercises to strengthen their body. And when they strengthen their body, they are better able to play with toys and engage with people, which then goes on to help them have better outcomes."
By the time a baby is one year old, signs of possible autism include difficulty in using words and not looking eye-to-eye or reaching out to other people. By 14 months, the baby might smile less and use language less. However, Professor Landa says these signs can be so small that they might be missed during a short health exam.
"It's important for parents to stay tuned into their children's development, and if a parent is concerned about a child's development, for professionals to listen to them."
The earlier parents notice delays, she says, the sooner they can begin doing simple things that may help improve their child's development. For example: talking to the child about what they are doing, commenting when the child shows them something, and playing simple games that keep the child's attention.
1.What is the best title of the passage?
A. Watching for Early Signs of Autism in Babies
B. How to Confirm a Diagnosis of Autism
C. Children with Autism Have Difficulty in Communication
D. Ways to Help Children with Autism to Recover
2. What can we learn form the third paragraph?
A. Landa has found ways to confirm a diagnosis of autism when a baby is about six months.
B.Landa tried to find autism earlier by comparing the differences as the baby grows up.
C.Now doctors can confirm a diagnosis of autism before a child is three years old.
D.Doctors observed 235 babies either 6 or 36 months of age under the guide of Landa.
3.When a baby with signs of possible autism is a year and two months, he may____.
A. avoid eye contact
B.have difficulty in raising his head
C.develop bad manners
D.hate to communicate with others
4.In which column could we find this passage?.
A. Education
B.Health
C.Economics
D.Entertainment
