How China's North-south Divide Has Influence on (71)Shaping Personality | |
(72)Difference(s)/Distinction(s) in personality | China's northerners (73)feed (live) on noodles,and they are thought of as hale,hearty and taller with more(74)independence and"analytic thought"as well as higher divorce rates. On the contrary,the southerners prefer eating rice and have more"holistic thought"and lower divorce rates. |
Reasons | •Planting rice needs twice more (75)labor than planting wheat. •Cultivating rice relies on irrigation system that requires neighbors to (76)cooperate well. •If you are over independent,you might (77)starvein the south. •If you are (78)lacking (weak) in labor power,it is best to grow wheat in the north. |
The Research | •The attitudes of 1162Han Chinese students were evaluated. •Other unrelated factors like climate,dialect and herding cultures were carefully (79)controlled. •The result shows the influence of rice cultivation can result in more cooperation and explain East Asia's"strangely persistent interdependence". |
Another (80)similar(related,relevant) observation | Malcolm Gladwell also found the influence crops have on culture in his 2008book"Outliers". |
分析 本文講述了南北差異以及差異產(chǎn)生的原因.南北差異體現(xiàn)在飲食文化、人物性格、人物形態(tài)、傳統(tǒng)習(xí)俗等方面.而差異產(chǎn)生的原因主要是因?yàn)槟戏椒N植水稻,北方種植小麥.所以南方人吃米,北方人吃面.另一方面,種植水稻需要互相合作,而種植小麥則不需要.所以北方人更加獨(dú)立.
解答 71.Shaping 72.Difference(s)/Distinction(s) 73.feed (live) 74.independence 75.labor 76.cooperate 77.starve 78.lacking (weak) 79.controlled 80.similar(related,relevant)
71.Shaping塑造,考查細(xì)節(jié)歸納.根據(jù)文中的第一段內(nèi)容可知,本文講述的是"中國(guó)南北分裂對(duì)性格塑造的影響".故填"Shaping".
72.Difference(s)/Distinction(s)差異,考查細(xì)節(jié)歸納.根據(jù)表格該行后面的內(nèi)容可知,本行是講述南北方人物性格方面的差異.故填"Difference(s)/Distinction(s)差異".
73.feed (live)喂養(yǎng),考查細(xì)節(jié)理解.根據(jù)"The north eats noodles"可知,北方人吃面,是以面為食.feed on以…為食,故填"feed喂養(yǎng)".
74.independence獨(dú)立,考查細(xì)節(jié)理解.根據(jù)"China's noodle-slurping northerners are more independent"可知,北方人更加獨(dú)立.故填"independence獨(dú)立".
75.labor勞動(dòng)力,考查細(xì)節(jié)理解.根據(jù)"They require careful tending and many hours of labor-by some estimates,twice as much as wheat-as well as reliance on irrigation systems that require neighborly cooperation"可知,種植水稻比種植小麥要多花一倍的勞動(dòng)力.故填"labor勞動(dòng)力".
76.cooperate合作,考查細(xì)節(jié)理解.根據(jù)"They require careful tending and many hours of labor-by some estimates,twice as much as wheat-as well as reliance on irrigation systems that require neighborly cooperation"可知,種植水稻依賴(lài)于灌溉系統(tǒng),這需要鄰居們進(jìn)行良好的合作.故填"cooperate合作".
77.starve餓死,考查細(xì)節(jié)理解.我們知道,種植水稻依賴(lài)于灌溉系統(tǒng),這需要鄰居們進(jìn)行良好的合作.所以說(shuō)太過(guò)獨(dú)立的人,在南方就會(huì)餓死.故填"starve餓死".
78.lacking (weak)缺乏,考查細(xì)節(jié)理解.根據(jù)"if one is short of labor power,it is best to grow wheat"可知,如果一個(gè)人缺乏勞動(dòng)力,最好種植小麥.故填"lacking (weak)缺乏".
79.controlled控制,考查細(xì)節(jié)理解.根據(jù)"To control for other factors that distinguish the north and south-such as climate,dialect and contact with herding cultures",可知該項(xiàng)研究控制了其他不相關(guān)的變量,故填"controlled控制".
80.similar(related,relevant)相關(guān)的,考查細(xì)節(jié)歸納.根據(jù)表格該行后面的內(nèi)容可知,本行是講述其他相關(guān)的觀(guān)察報(bào)告.故填"similar(related,relevant)相關(guān)的".
點(diǎn)評(píng) 該題考查學(xué)生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力及概況歸納能力,要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系,對(duì)未說(shuō)明的趨勢(shì)或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷;或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀(guān)點(diǎn)理論,對(duì)文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋?zhuān)忌紫纫屑?xì)閱讀短文,完整了解信息,準(zhǔn)確把握作者觀(guān)點(diǎn),從而概括出關(guān)鍵詞.
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