Question

10．Australian cities can keep their native wildlife-but only if they can kick their habit of urban sprawl （無計劃的擴展）．That's the finding of a new study by leading Australian environmental researchers Jessica Sushinsky，Professor Hugh Possingham and Dr Richard Fuller of The University of Queensland．
"While urban development usually reduces the number of birds in a city，building more compact （緊湊的） cities and avoiding urban sprawl can slow these reductions greatly，"says lead author Jessica Sushinsky．"Compact housing development leaves birds'homes untouched，leading to fewer losses of birds．"
The researchers surveyed native and wild birds in Brisbane's urban areas，including living and industrial areas，public parks and gardens，major roadways and airports．They then used statistical modeling to find out what will happen to the birds as the city grows．The first setting was compact growth-where multiple homes are built on land that previously had only one house．The second setting was sprawling growth-a familiar pattern where homes are built here and there beyond the city's current boundaries．
The team's forecasts showed that a much greater diversity of species was lost over 20 years in the sprawling setting compared to the more compact setting．"Urban sprawl resulted in the disappearance of many urban-sensitive birds-birds that only live in areas where there is native vegetation （植被），such as parklands and woodlands，"Ms Sushinsky says．
"On the other hand，we found the city with the compact development attracted more birds because it kept more of its parks and green areas．"
Now the Queensland Government has adopted the more compact urban growth strategy，which，Dr Richard Fuller says，is good news for Australia's native birds．These birds are environmental specialists-they need a particular environment to do well．"While compact development means smaller backyards，it can also make our entire cities more biodiverse，"according to Dr Fuller．"The study shows that we should hold on to our green spaces instead of clearing them for sprawling development．"
This is the first time science has modeled the effects of different urban growth strategies on birds，the researchers say．"Statistical models like these are important because they help us to understand the ecological consequences of a particular decision，"says Dr Fuller．
71．The study deals with the relationship betweenA．
A．city development and birds                        B．the environment and birds
C．humans and wildlife                               D．climate and wildlife
72．Why is compact urban growth better than the sprawling strategy？D
A．It makes the cities more beautiful．
B．It gives people larger backyards．
C．It is money-saving．
D．It is bird-friendly．
73．Dr Richard Fuller thinks the Queensland Government's actionB
A．is really brave                                 
B．is worth praising
C．has an uncertain future                        
D．should be performed nationwide
74．What can we learn about the study from the passage？D
A．It is based on the statistics in the past．
B．It is strongly against urban development．
C．It criticizes the city environment in Brisbane．
D．It suggests leaving more green spaces for birds．
75．Where does the passage probably come from？A
A．A news report
B．A travel guide
C．A health magazine
D．A history book．

Answer 1

分析 本文屬于說明文閱讀，作者通過這篇文章主要向我們介紹了一個關(guān)于城市發(fā)展模式與鳥類生存之間關(guān)系的研究，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，緊湊型的發(fā)展模式更有利于鳥類在城市的生存，為了城市生物的多樣性，我們應該采取更為緊湊的城市發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略，盡可能保存城市綠色空間．

解答 71．A．細節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)文章第二段中的"urban development usually reduces the number of birds in a city，building more compact （緊湊的） cities and avoiding urban sprawl can slow these reductions greatly"可知城市的發(fā)展通常會降低城市中的鳥的數(shù)量，因此該研究關(guān)注的是城市發(fā)展與鳥類之間的關(guān)系；故選A．
72．D．推理判斷題．根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中的"we found the city with the compact development attracted more birds because it kept more of its parks and green areas"可知緊湊型的城市吸引了更多的鳥類，推測緊湊型的發(fā)展模式有利于鳥類在城市的生存．故選D．
73．B．推理判斷題．根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的"which，Dr Richard Fuller says，is good news for Australia's native birds"可知，Dr Richard Fuller稱贊昆士蘭政府的做法；故選B．
74．D．細節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)文章第一段中的"kick their habit of urban sprawl （城市蔓延）"和第五段中的"we found the city with the compact development attracted more birds because it kept more of its parks and green areas"及倒數(shù)第二段中的"The study shows that we should hold on to our green spaces instead of clearing them for sprawling development"可知，研究人員主張城市緊湊型發(fā)展，讓城市為鳥類保留更多的綠色空間；故選D．
75．A．推理判斷題．通讀全文，可知本文主要介紹了一個關(guān)于城市發(fā)展模式與鳥類生存之間關(guān)系的研究，列出了充分的實驗數(shù)據(jù)和研究人員的意見，可推斷文章最有可能選自一篇新聞報道；故選A．

點評 考察學生的細節(jié)理解和推理判斷能力，做細節(jié)理解題時一定要找到文章中的原句，和題干進行比較，再做出正確的選擇．在做推理判斷題不要以個人的主觀想象代替文章的事實，要根據(jù)文章事實進行合乎邏輯的推理判斷．