Question

【題目】請認真閱讀下列短文，并根據(jù)所讀內容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一個最恰當?shù)膯卧~。

注意：每個空格只填1個單詞。請將答案寫在答題卡上相應題號的橫線上。

The changes facing fast-food companies

Fast food was once thought to be recession-proof. When consumers need to cut spending, cheap meals like Big Macs and Whoppers become even more attractive. As a result, fast-food chains have survived the recession better than their more expensive competitors. In 2009 sales at full-service restaurants in America fell by more than 6%, but total sales remained about the same at fast-food chains. In some markets, such as Japan, France and Britain, total spending on fast food increased.

But in this ongoing recession(蕭條), which is more severe, not all fast-food companies have been as fortunate. Many, such as Burger King, have seen sales fall. In the recession, while some people trade down to fast food, many others eat at home more frequently to save money. Smaller fast-food chains in America, such as Jack in the Box and Carl’s Jr., have been hit particularly hard in this downturn because they cut back spending on advertising.

In face of such challenges, some fast-food companies have sacrificed their own profits by trying to give customers better value. During the recession companies set prices low, hoping to tempt more customers through the door. But in many cases that strategy doesn’t work. Some companies are rethinking their strategies. KFC has launched a chicken sandwich that costs around $5 to attract consumers away from $1 specials.

Companies are also trying to get customers to buy new and more items, including drinks. McDonald’s started selling better coffee as a challenge to Starbucks. Its “McCafe” line now accounts for an estimated 6% of sales in America. As fast-food companies shift from “super size” to “more buys”, they need to keep customer traffic high throughout the day. Many see breakfast as a big opportunity, and not just for fatty food. McDonald’s has started selling porridge in America, because the profits can be high.

But what about those growing waistlines? So far, fast-food firms have cleverly avoided government regulation. By providing options like salads and low-calorie sandwiches, they have at least given the impression of doing something about helping to fight obesity(肥胖). These offerings don’t necessarily lead to profit loss, as they can broaden the appeal of stores to groups of diners that include some people who don’t want to eat a burger.

But calls for tougher government regulation never wear down. This year Congress passed America’s health-reform bill, which requires restaurant chains with 20 or more stores to put the calorie-content of items they serve to the menu. And the recent proposal by a county in California to ban McDonald’s from including toys in its high-calorie “Happy Meals”, because law makers believe it attracts children to unhealthy food, suggests that fast-food companies will have to continue trying something new.

The changes facing fast-food companies

【1】______________________

【2】______________________

【3】______________________

【4】______________________

【5】______________________

【6】______________________

【7】______________________

【8】______________________

【9】______________________

【10】______________________

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】 survivors/competitors/businesses/companies

【2】 appeals

【3】 instead

【4】 decreased/reduced/less

【5】 Strategies/Measures/Approaches/Solutions/Ways

【6】 high/higher

【7】 added

【8】 profitable

【9】 healthy/healthier

【10】 creative/innovative/flexible/adaptable

【解析】

本文是一篇說明文，介紹了快餐公司在經(jīng)濟衰退中面臨的挑戰(zhàn)以及他們所采取的對策，同時指出隨著更嚴格的食品法的實施，快餐公司應變得更有創(chuàng)造性。

【1】考查名詞。根據(jù)第一段中的“As a result, fast-food chains have survived the recession better than their more expensive competitors.”快餐連鎖店在經(jīng)濟衰退中比那些價格更高的競爭對手生存得更好，他們成為了更好的幸存者、競爭者、企業(yè)或公司，故填survivors/competitors/businesses/companies。

【2】考查動詞。根據(jù)第一段中的“When consumers need to cut spending, cheap meals like Big Macs and Whoppers become even more attractive.”可知，在經(jīng)濟衰退期間，便宜的快餐更吸引消費者，appeal to表示“吸引”，故填appeals。

【3】考查固定搭配。根據(jù)第二段中的“In the recession, while some people trade down to fast food, many others eat at home more frequently to save money.”可知，在經(jīng)濟衰退期間，很多人為了省錢選擇在家吃飯而不是出去吃，insead of表示“代替、而不是”，故填instead。

【4】考查形容詞。根據(jù)第二段中的“Smaller fast-food chains in America, such as Jack in the Box and Carl’s Jr., have been hit particularly hard in this downturn because they cut back spending on advertising. ”可知，小型的快餐公司在經(jīng)濟衰退中受到更沉重的打擊是因為它們削減了廣告開支，修飾名詞spending用形容詞，表示“更少的、被削減的”，故填decreased/reduced/less。

【5】考查名詞。第三、四段介紹了快餐公司為了應對這些挑戰(zhàn)所采取的對策，故填Strategies/Measures/Approaches/Solutions/Ways。

【6】考查形容詞。根據(jù)第三段中的“Some companies are rethinking their strategies. KFC has launched a chicken sandwich that costs around $5 to attract consumers away from $1 specials.”可知，一些快餐公司重新考慮他們的戰(zhàn)略，像肯德基就推出了一款售價5,美元的雞肉三明治以吸引消費者放棄1美元的特價，與1美元的特價相比，他們的商品的價格是較高的，故填high/higher。

【7】考查名詞。倒數(shù)第三段舉麥當勞賣咖啡和早餐粥為例證明快餐公司的食譜中增加一些新食品來保持較高的客流量，故填added。

【8】考查形容詞。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中的“McDonald’s has started selling porridge in America, because the profits can be high.”可知，麥當勞賣早餐粥是因為它的利潤更大，此處用形容詞作表語，故填profitable。

【9】考查形容詞。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“So far, fast-food firms have cleverly avoided government regulation. By providing options like salads and low-calorie sandwiches, they have at least given the impression of doing something about helping to fight obesity”可知，快餐公司提供像沙拉和低卡路里的三明治這樣健康的食物來避開政府監(jiān)管，故填healthy/healthier。

【10】考查形容詞。根據(jù)最后一段中的“suggests that fast-food companies will have to continue trying something new.”可知，隨著更為嚴格的食品法的通過，快餐公司需要繼續(xù)嘗試新的東西，更有創(chuàng)造性、更靈活，此處缺少形容詞作表語，故填creative/innovative/flexible/adaptable。