Question

【題目】In modern society there is a great deal of argument about competition. Some value it highly, believing that it is responsible for social progress and prosperity. Others say that competition is bad; that it sets one person against another; that it leads to unfriendly relationship between people.

I have taught many children who held the belief that their self-worth relied(依賴) on how well they performed at tennis and other skills. For them, playing well and winning are often life-and-death affairs. In their single-minded pursuit(追求) of success, the development, of many other human qualities is sadly forgotten.

However, while some seem to be lost in the desire to succeed, others take an opposite attitude. In a culture which values only the winner and pays no attention to the ordinary players, they strongly blame competition. Among the most vocal are youngsters who have suffered under competitive pressures from their parents or society. Teaching these young people, I often observe in them a desire to fail. They seem to seek failure by not trying to win or achieve success. By not trying, they always have an excuse: “I may have lost, but it doesn’t matter because I really didn’t try.” What is not usually admitted by themselves is the belief that if they had really tried and lost, that would mean a lot. Such a loss would be a measure of their worth. Clearly, this belief is the same as that of the true competitors who try to prove themselves. Both are based on the mistaken belief that one’s self-respect relies on how well one performs in comparison with others. Both are afraid of not being valued. Only as this basic and often troublesome fear begins to dissolve(緩解) can we discover a new meaning in competition.

【1】What does this passage mainly talk about?

A. Competition helps to set up self-respect.

B. Opinions about competition are different among people.

C. Competition is harmful to personal quality development.

D. Failures are necessary experiences in competition.

【2】Why do some people favor competition according to the passage?

A. It pushes society forward. B. It builds up a sense of duty.

C. It improves personal abilities. D. It encourages individual efforts.

【3】The underlined phrase “the most vocal” in Paragraph 3 means _______.

A. those who try their best to win

B. those who value competition most highly

C. those who are against competition most strongly

D. those who rely on others most for success

【4】What is the similar belief of the true competitors and those with a “desire to fail”?

A. One’s worth lies in his performance compared with others.

B. One’s success in competition needs great efforts.

C. One’s achievement is determined by his particular skills.

D. One’s success is based on how hard he has tried.

【5】Which point of view may the author agree to?

A. Every effort should be paid back.

B. Competition should be encouraged.

C. Winning should be a life-and-death matter

D. Fear of failure should be removed in competition.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】D

【2】B

【3】C

【4】D

【5】D

【解析】試題分析：文章介紹了人們對競爭的態(tài)度和不同的觀點(diǎn)看法，有人認(rèn)為很好，有人反對。

【1】主旨題：閱讀第一段內(nèi)容可知不同的人對于競爭有不同的觀點(diǎn)和看法，有人認(rèn)為很好，有人反對。文章是關(guān)于人們對競爭的態(tài)度。故選B。

【2】細(xì)節(jié)題：根據(jù)第一段第二句“They value it highly, believing that it is a natural outcome of social progress and prosperity,”可知他們認(rèn)為競爭導(dǎo)致了社會的進(jìn)步。故選A。

【3】推理題：根據(jù)第三段中“In a culture which values only the winner and pays no attention to the ordinary players, they strongly blame competition. Amongthe most vocalare youngsters who have suffered under competitive pressures from their parents or society. ”有一些人強(qiáng)烈地指責(zé)競爭，在這些人中最多的就是那些遭受著競爭壓力的年輕人。故the most vocal就是 指那些反對競爭的人。故選C。

【4】推理題：從最后一段中“Both are based on the mistaken belief that one’s self-respect relies on how well one performs compared with others.”可知A項(xiàng)的觀點(diǎn)與之類似，指人的價(jià)值在于與別人的比較。故選A。

【5】推理題：根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“Only as this basic and often troublesome fear is overcome can discover a new meaning in competition”可知在競爭中要去除恐懼，只有這樣我們才能理解競爭的真正的含義。故選D。