12.There are many ways of putting out a fire.You may have seen people put out burning cigarettes by stepping on them.Stepping on cigarettes shuts off the air and puts out the fire.
Many fires are put out with water.Water cools the materials that are burning.It helps make the fire die out.Some of the water is changed into steam when it strikes the hot fire.The steam keeps air from the fire and helps put it out.
Some fires cannot be put out with water.Suppose a tank full of gasoline(汽油)is on fire.Gasoline is lighter than water.If you poured water into the tank of gasoline,the water would sink to the bottom of the tank.The gasoline would float on top of the water on the fire and flow over the edge of the tank.Then the fire would spread.Gasoline fires should be put out with sand or with chemicals of some kind,such as that used in some fire extinguishers.
36.People often put out burning cigarettes by stepping on them.This is becauseC.
A.the burning cigarettes are too hot to touch
B.they have no other way
C.it shuts off the air and makes the fire go out
D.it helps to stop smoking
37.B the fires can be put out with water.
A.All of         B.Some of           C.None of          D.Few of
38.According to paragraph 2,what will happen to the water if it is poured on the fire?D
A.All of the water will disappear.
B.Most of the water will flow away.
C.The water will be absorbed by the fire.
D.Some of the water will turn into steam and keep air from the fire.
39.Gasoline fire should be put outD.
A.with hot water    
B.with nothing but sand
C.only with some chemicals    
D.with sand or chemicals
40.Why will the water sink to the bottom of the tank when it is poured into the tank of gasoline?C
A.Because gasoline is much hotter than water.
B.Because water can burn.
C.Because gasoline is less heavy than water.
D.Because water cannot flow as quickly as gasoline.

分析 這篇文章主要講述了滅火有很多方法,有的火可以用水熄滅,有的火不能用水熄滅,有的火要用沙子或某些化學(xué)物質(zhì)來滅火.作者寫這篇文章是為了教會我們?nèi)绾稳缁,讓我們能遇到?zāi)情時做出正確的解救措施.

解答 36.C細節(jié)理解題,由第一段Stepping on cigarettes shuts off the air and puts out the fire.可知踩在煙頭上隔絕空氣使火熄滅,故選C.
37.B細節(jié)理解題,由第二段Many fires are put out with water.可知許多火可以用水熄滅,故選B.
38.D細節(jié)理解題,由第二段Some of the water is changed into steam when it strikes the hot fire.The steam keeps air from the fire and helps put it out.可知一些水遇到火時變成了蒸汽,蒸汽隔絕空氣使火熄滅,故選D.
39.D細節(jié)理解題,由最后一段Gasoline fires should be put out with sand or with chemicals of some kind,such as that used in some fire extinguishers.可知汽油點燃的火應(yīng)用沙子或某種化學(xué)物質(zhì)熄滅,故選D.
40.C細節(jié)理解題,由最后一段Gasoline is lighter than water.If you poured water into the tank of gasoline,the water would sink to the bottom of the tank.可知汽油比水輕用水汽油會在水面上繼續(xù)燃燒,故選C.

點評 健康環(huán)保類文章常是介紹科學(xué)知識、生活常識和環(huán)境保護方面的短文.閱讀此類短文要以現(xiàn)象或事物為中心進行思考,理解現(xiàn)象產(chǎn)生的原因、條件和客觀規(guī)律等.

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