Question

【題目】If you know something is bad for you, why can’t you just stop? About 70% of smokers say they would like to stop. Drug and alcohol abusers (濫用者) struggle to give up the bad habits that hurt their bodies and destroy families and friendships. And many of us have unhealthy weight that we could lose if only we would eat right and exercise more. So why don’t we do it?

Some scientists have been searching for answers. They’ve studied what happens in our brains as habits form. They’ve found answers to why bad habits, once formed, are so difficult to kick. And they’re developing ways to help us make the changes we’d like to make.

Habits are a normal part of life, and are often helpful. “ We wake up every morning, shower, comb our hair or brush our teeth without being aware of it,” Volkow says. We can drive along familiar routes without really thinking about the directions. “When behaviors become automatic(不加思索的), it gives us an advantage, because the brain does not have to perform the action on purpose.” Volkow says. This frees up our brains to focus on different things.

One way to kick bad habits is to focus on your unhealthy habits. Then try your best to stop them. For example, habits can be linked in our minds to certain places and activities. You could develop a plan, say, to avoid walking down the hall where there’s a candy machine. Try to avoid going places where you’ve usually smoked. Stay away from friends and situations linked to problem drinking or drug use.

Another helpful way is to replace unhealthy habits with new, healthy ones. “It doesn’t work for everyone,” Volkow says. “But certain groups of patients who have a history of taking a drug can do something else like running and it helps them stay away from drugs.”

【1】In the first paragragh the writer mainly wants to tell us ______.

A. we should stop something bad for us

B. most smokers would like to stop smoking

C. bad habits are really difficult to give up

D. eating right and exercise more can lose weight

【2】Scientists studied what happened in our brains as habits form in order to______.

A. find answers to solve the problem

B. find ways to form good habits

C. kick their own bad habits

D. help us see how bad habits form

【3】 If you want to kick bad habits you’d better_______.

A. focus on them on purpose

B. go to the places linked with them

C. do something linked with them

D. ask your friends for help

【4】What is the main idea of the passage?

A. Breaking bad habits.

B. Forming good habits.

C. Finding reasons for bad habits

D. Replacing bad habits with good ones.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】C

【2】A

【3】A

【4】A

【解析】

試題分析：科學家研究發(fā)發(fā)現(xiàn)，壞習慣形成時大腦的反應以幫助人們改掉壞習慣。 建議要有意識地去針對壞習慣。 用新的、 健康的方式取代不健康的習慣。

【1】C 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的例子可知，壞習慣一旦養(yǎng)成就會很難改掉，故選C。

【2】A 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段They’ve found answers to why bad habits, once formed, are so difficult to kick.可知， 科學家做研究在形成壞習慣時大腦的情況是要發(fā)現(xiàn)克服的方法，故選A。

【3】A 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后兩段的意思可知：解決的方法有2種， 一是聚焦壞習慣，二是養(yǎng)成好習慣來代替壞習慣，故選A。

【4】A 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)本文的內(nèi)容可知，本文的焦點是對如何改掉壞習慣研究和建議，故選A。