Question

9．Junk is everywhere，even in space．But getting rid of space junk is much harder than simply cleaning your bedroom．Space junk travels at 8 kilometers a second，according to an article in the Guardian．Catching it is a bit of a challenge．
     Luckily，scientists at the Swiss space center have a new cleaning plan．Theyare about to send a"cleaner satellite"into space within the next five year？．It will clean up space junk，according to a report in the Guardian．
     Named"Clean Space One"，the Swiss satellite finds its target and moves close to it．When it reaches its target，it will catch the junk with a gripping claw （抓手）．This is not going to be an easy task because both the satellite and the junk are traveling so fast．
     Once Clean Space One has caught the junk，all it has to do to get rid of it is to fly back to Earth．This is because the junk will bum up when traveling through the atmosphere．The satellite itself will burn up a'，the same time．
     Ever since people started to send objects into space more than 50 years ago，there has been junk in space．Junk on Earth like food wrappers （包裝紙）or waste paper is also a problem．But space junk is mainly made up of exploded rockets and broken satellites．If no one cleans them away，they just keep traveling around Earth．
     So far，NASA has found 16.000 pieces of junk that are larger than 10cm in diameter（直徑）and more than 500，000 pieces measuring between 1cm and 10cm．You can imagine how many even smaller ones there are in space．
     Space junk is dangerous for spacecraft （飛船） and the International Space Station．Even a very small piece could seriously damage-or even destroy-a satellite or space-craft if it collided （碰撞） with the junk．The International Space Station has to regularly change its orbit to avoid space junk，
     Space junk might also be a danger to humans．During the last four months，three very large spacecraft have fallen to Earth．Fortunately，no one was hurt because the junk landed in the ocean．
45．According to the article，space junkD．
    A．travels at the same speed as satellites
    B．could be cleared away within five years
    C．travels at 8 kilometers per hour
    D．will cause a lot of trouble to space stations
46．What will happen to the space junk if it is not cleaned up？C
    A．It will explode in a few years．
    B．It will drift away from Earth eventually．
    C．It will keep traveling around Earth．
    D．It will gather and become a large mass．
47．Which of the following is TRUE about a"cleaner satellite"？B
    A．The junk is dealt with after it reaches Earth．
    B．Catching space junk is difficult for a satellite．
    C．The'satellite can catch several pieces of junk at once．
    D．The satellite goes back to space after it has finished its task．
48．Which of the following statements is TRUE？A
    A．The history of space junk dates back 50 years．
    B．Space stations travel in the same orbit as the junk．
    C．Space junk is harmless to people on Earth．
    D．It's impossible to stop space junk from colliding with spacecrafts．

Answer 1

分析 本文是一篇說(shuō)明文．主要闡述了有關(guān)太空垃圾的相關(guān)信息．文章涉及了三個(gè)方面：什么是太空垃圾、太空垃圾的危險(xiǎn)性以及清理太空垃圾的重要性和緊迫性．垃圾無(wú)處不在，太空有垃圾；清理太空垃圾要比打掃臥室困難的多，因?yàn)樗麄冞\(yùn)行速度很快，要抓到這些垃圾難度很大，是一項(xiàng)挑戰(zhàn)．瑞士太空站的科學(xué)家們有了新計(jì)劃，預(yù)計(jì)在五年內(nèi)發(fā)射一顆名為衛(wèi)星來(lái)清理太空垃圾．這些衛(wèi)星本身也會(huì)燒掉，不會(huì)回到地球．人們?cè)?0年前就開(kāi)始清理太空垃圾，太空垃圾對(duì)太空飛船和國(guó)際空間站很危險(xiǎn)，對(duì)人類(lèi)也有危險(xiǎn)．

解答 45．D     細(xì)節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的"Space junk is dangerous for spacecraft （飛船） and the International Space Station"可知，太空垃圾對(duì)太空飛船和國(guó)際空間站很危險(xiǎn)，A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤，文中只說(shuō)到衛(wèi)星和太空垃圾都在高速飛行，并沒(méi)有提到彼此的速度是否一樣，故排除；B項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤，文中第二段說(shuō)的是"send a"cleaner satellite"into space within the next five years"，而不是說(shuō)太空垃圾能在五年內(nèi)清理干凈；文中只說(shuō)到衛(wèi)星和太空垃圾都在高速飛行，故排除；C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤，應(yīng)該是"travels at 8 kilometers per second"，而非"per hour"，故排除； 故選D．
46．C     細(xì)節(jié)理解題．從第五段中的最后一句話(huà)"If no one cleans them away，they just keep traveling around earth．"可知，如果太空垃圾不清理干凈，他們會(huì)繞地球一直高速飛行運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，故選C．
47．B     推理判斷題．根據(jù)第三段的最后兩句"This is not going to be an easy task because both the satellite and the junk are traveling so fast"可知，能準(zhǔn)確抓住太空垃圾是困難的，因?yàn)樗麄冞\(yùn)行速度都很快．從第四段中的"the junk will burn up when traveling through the atmosphere"可知A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤，故排除；C項(xiàng)文中沒(méi)有提及，故排除； 從第四段中的最后一句"The satellite itself will burn up at the same time．"可知，衛(wèi)星本身也會(huì)燒掉，所以不會(huì)回到太空，D項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤，故排除；因此B項(xiàng)正確，故選B．
48．A    推理判斷題．根據(jù)第五段中的第一句"Ever since people started to send objects into space more than 50 years ago，there has been junk in space．"可知，雖然人們?cè)?0年前就開(kāi)始發(fā)送物體到太空中清理太空垃圾，但太空仍然還有存在垃圾C，故選A．

點(diǎn)評(píng) 解答細(xì)節(jié)理解題時(shí)，一個(gè)常用的方法就是運(yùn)用定位法，即根據(jù)題干和選項(xiàng)中的關(guān)鍵詞從原文中找到相關(guān)的句子，與選項(xiàng)進(jìn)行比較從而確定答案；推理判斷題既要求學(xué)生透過(guò)文章表面文字信息推測(cè)文章隱含意思，又要求學(xué)生對(duì)作者的態(tài)度、意圖及文章細(xì)節(jié)的發(fā)展作正確的推理判斷，力求從作者的角度去考慮，不要固守自己的看法或觀點(diǎn)．