Question

【題目】The Chinese language differs from Western languages 【1】in that,instead of an alphabet, it uses characters which stand for ideas, objects or deeds. Chinese words are formed by putting together different characters. In many cases, a single character can also make up a word. The history of the Chinese language can be examined by looking at 【2】 這些漢字是如何發(fā)展的．

Chinese writing began thousands of years ago. According to an ancient story, a man named Cang Jie invented Chinese writing. After seeing the tracks of animals in the snow and observing that the appearance of each one was different, 【3】 he had the idea that he could use different shapes to represent different objects. The first Chinese characters were drawings of physical objects. Some characters have been simplified and others have been made more difficult over time. However, as a whole, the characters have developed from drawings into standard forms. 【4】 并非所有的漢字都從物體的圖畫演變而來. 【5】 Sometimes to express ideas, some characters were made by combining two or more characters together．

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】在于(因為)它不使用字母而是用漢字表示思想、物體和行為

【2】how these characters developed

【3】他想到可以用不同的形狀來代表不同的物體

【4】Not all characters were developed from drawings of objects

【5】有時候為了表達(dá)概念/想法， 某些漢字由兩個或多個漢字組合而成

【解析】本題為漢譯英，英譯漢。漢譯英時，分清主從，漢語句中各分句關(guān)系比較松散，所以在動筆前應(yīng)認(rèn)真分析句子要旨所在。句中重點往往在后。英譯時，要突出重點或主句，其他部分可分別用介詞短語，非謂語動詞形式或各種從句表示。英譯漢，翻譯時既要忠實于原文，又要符合漢語的習(xí)慣；翻譯不可太拘泥。拘泥；能夠直譯盡量不意譯；翻譯的過程應(yīng)該是先理解后表達(dá)。

【1】本句中含有which引導(dǎo)的定語從句，先行詞是characters。instead of意為而不是。故整個句子應(yīng)譯為在于(因為)它不使用字母而是用漢字表示思想、物體和行為。

【2】本題為漢譯英。涉及的單詞有how,characters,developed .故整句可以譯為how these characters developed 。

【3】本句“he had the idea that he could use different shapes to represent different objects.”中that引導(dǎo)定語從句，在從句中不充當(dāng)成分，意為他可以用不同的形狀來代表不同的物體 ，整句可以譯為他想到可以用不同的形狀來代表不同的物體 。

【4】本題為漢譯英。涉及到的單詞有 Not all，characters，drawings of objects 。 故整句可譯為Not all characters were developed from drawings of objects

【5】本句“Sometimes to express ideas, some characters were made by combining two or more characters together．此句中分詞表目的，意為為了...，故整句可譯為有時候為了表達(dá)概念/想法， 某些漢字由兩個或多個漢字組合而成。