11.It was the end of my first day as a waitress in a busy New York restaurant.My cap had gone away,and my feet hurt.The loaded plates I carried seemed to be heavier and heavier.Tired and discouraged,I didn't seem able to do anything right.As I made out a check for a family with several children who had changed their ice-cream order a dozen times,I was ready to stop.Then the father smiled at me as he handed me my tip."Well done,"he said,"you've looked after us really well."Suddenly my tiredness disappeared.I smiled back,and later,when the manager asked me how I'd liked my first day,I said,"Fine!"Those few words of praise had changed everything.Praise is like sunlight to human spirit; we cannot flower and grow without it.And yet,most of us are only too ready to apply to others the cold criticism,but are unwilling to give our fellows the warm sunshine of praise.Perhaps that is why one word of praise can bring such pleasure.
It's strange how   chary  we are about praising.Perhaps it's because few of us know how to accept it.It's especially rewarding to give praise in areas in which effort generally goes unnoticed.An artist gets admired for a glorious picture,a cook for a perfect meal.But do you ever tell your laundry manager how pleased you are when the shirts are done just right?In fact,to give praise costs the giver nothing but a moment's thought and a moment's effort.
21.Which of the following Can't describe the writer's situation before she got her tip?D
A.She was tired.
B.She was busy.
C.She was sorry.
D.She was confident.
22.According to the passage,which of the following is least likely to be given praise?D
A.An artist.
B.A cook.
C.A waitress.
D.A laundry manager.
23.The underlined word"chary"in Paragraph 2most probably meansC.
A.cautious              
B.careful               
C.unwilling          
D.greedy
24.What is the best title of the passage?C
A.Why Do You Praise Others?
B.Why do You Criticize Others?
C.Be Generous to Give Others Praise!
D.Don't Criticize Others!

分析 本文屬于說明文閱讀,作者通過這篇文章主要向我們描述了作者自己做服務(wù)員時雖然不完美卻受到表揚的經(jīng)歷,說明了應(yīng)該對人多進行表揚和夸獎,這會讓世界更美好.

解答 21.D.細節(jié)理解題.從第一段第一句"It was the end of my first day as a waitress in a busy New York restaurant."及 …"I was ready to stop"可以看出作者第一天上班就不想再繼續(xù)工作了,可以看出作者沒什么自信,因此She was confident不能描述作者在收到小費前的情況.故選D.
22.D.推理判斷題.從文章第二段"It's especially rewarding to give praise in areas in which effort generally goes unnoticed.An artist gets admired for a glorious picture,a cook for a perfect meal.But do you ever tell your laundry (洗衣房)manager how pleased you are when the shirts are done just right?But do you ever tell your laundry (洗衣房)manager how pleased you are when the shirts are done just right?"可以看出最不可能受到表揚的應(yīng)該是洗衣房老板.故選D.
23.C.詞義猜測題.根據(jù)文章第三段"It's strange how   chary  we are about praising.Perhaps it's because few of us know how to accept it"奇怪的是我們對表揚是何其的不情愿.也許是因為我們很少有人知道如何接受它;可知詞義為不愿意的;故選C.
24.C.主旨大意題.通讀全文,可知作者通過自己做服務(wù)員時受到表揚的經(jīng)歷,說明了應(yīng)該對人多進行表揚和夸獎.故C選項正確.

點評 考察學(xué)生的細節(jié)理解和推理判斷能力,做細節(jié)理解題時一定要找到文章中的原句,和題干進行比較,再做出正確的選擇.在做推理判斷題不要以個人的主觀想象代替文章的事實,要根據(jù)文章事實進行合乎邏輯的推理判斷.

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