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________ such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river．


  1. A.
    Having suffered
  2. B.
    Suffering
  3. C.
    To suffer
  4. D.
    Suffered
A
解析：
四個選項均為同一動詞，因此在詞義上并無大的差異。應該通過分析題干句意，來考慮動詞的不同非謂語形式在表達意思上的差別，而后做出選擇。本句想要表達的意思是“河流已經遭受如此嚴重的污染，現(xiàn)在要想清理也許太遲了”。后面句子的動作發(fā)生在前面動詞suffer行為之后，因此，所設空中應該選用表示“已經完成”狀態(tài)的-ing分詞的完成式——Having suffered。
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