Question

11．此題要求改正所給短文中的錯(cuò)誤．對(duì)標(biāo)有題號(hào)的每一行作出判斷：如無(wú)錯(cuò)誤，則在該行右邊橫線(xiàn)上畫(huà)出一個(gè)勾（√）；如有錯(cuò)誤（每行只有一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤），則按下列情況改正：此行多一個(gè)詞：把多余的詞用斜線(xiàn)（\）劃掉，在此行右邊橫線(xiàn)上寫(xiě)出該詞，并也用斜線(xiàn)劃掉；此行缺一個(gè)詞：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（　�。�，在此行右邊橫線(xiàn)上寫(xiě)出該加的詞；該行錯(cuò)一個(gè)詞：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線(xiàn)，在該行右邊橫線(xiàn)上寫(xiě)出改正后的詞．注意：原行沒(méi)有錯(cuò)的不要改．
The Grand Canal is the longest canal in the world．It                     76．√
runs from Beijing to Hangzhou，by a distance of nearly                 77．by改為with
1，800 kilometres．Most rivers in China run from．western to       78．western改為west
east，so the ancient rulers found necessary to dig a canal             79．加it
that run from the south to the north．In the year 605  AD，80．run改為ran
Emperor Yang Guang ordered the canal to be dug．Dig such          81．Dig改為Digging
a long canal was very difficult．3.6 million of people worked          82．of去掉
on them and in less than a year over half of them lost their             83．them改為it
lives．Before the construction was completed，the Grand              84．Before改為Since
Canal has been playing an important roles in transport．                85．roles改為role．

Answer 1

分析 大運(yùn)河是世界上最長(zhǎng)的運(yùn)河．它從北京延伸到杭州，距離近一千八百公里．中國(guó)絕大多數(shù)河流都是自西向東的，因此古代的統(tǒng)治者認(rèn)為挖一條從南到北的運(yùn)河很有必要．公元605年，隋煬帝楊廣命令開(kāi)鑿運(yùn)河，因?yàn)楣こ唐D巨，參與勞動(dòng)的三百六十萬(wàn)人在不到一年的時(shí)間里，有一半人喪命．從工程結(jié)束，大運(yùn)河一直都在運(yùn)輸中發(fā)揮重要作用．

解答 The Grand Canal is the longest canal in the world．It     
    
runs from Beijing to Hangzhou，by a distance of nearly     
                                               with
1，800 kilometres．Most rivers in China run from western to   
                                                                            west
east，so the ancient rulers found∧necessary to dig a canal    
                                              加it
that run from the south to the north．In the year 605  AD，
       ran
Emperor Yang Guang ordered the canal to be dug．Dig such  
                                                                       Digging 
a long canal was very difficult．3.6 million of people worked 
                                                              去掉
on them and in less than a year over half of them lost their  
      it
lives．Before the construction was completed，the Grand    
          Since
Canal has been playing an important roles in transport．
                                                     role
1．正確．
2．by改為with．題干表達(dá)的是事物具備的特征，要用with短語(yǔ)來(lái)表示．
3．western改為west．句中west是作介詞from的賓語(yǔ)，要用名詞形式．
4．加it．形式賓語(yǔ)，真正的賓語(yǔ)是后面的動(dòng)詞不定式．
5．run改為ran．句意表達(dá)的是過(guò)去，要用一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)．
6．Dig改為Digging．題干中dig such a long canal是作主語(yǔ)的，要用動(dòng)名詞．
7．of去掉．和具體數(shù)字連用的量詞不能和of短語(yǔ)連用．
8．them改為it．邏輯指代錯(cuò)誤，句意指代的是大運(yùn)河，要用it來(lái)指代．
9．Before改為Since．句意表達(dá)的是從…時(shí)候開(kāi)始．
10．roles改為role．短語(yǔ)搭配，play an important role起重要作用．

點(diǎn)評(píng) 短文改錯(cuò)題考查的是語(yǔ)境理解能力和用法基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)．常考的知識(shí)點(diǎn)有：名詞（單復(fù)數(shù)錯(cuò)誤），動(dòng)詞（時(shí)態(tài)，語(yǔ)態(tài)，搭配，轉(zhuǎn)換），代詞（指代錯(cuò)誤），形容詞和副詞（轉(zhuǎn)換，比較等級(jí)），連詞（and，but，or）等．偶爾也會(huì)考查邏輯錯(cuò)誤，如本來(lái)用her，卻用了his等等．解題是要注意：以句子為單位，以動(dòng)詞為中心．看句子要看完整，避免句子前后矛盾的錯(cuò)誤；找錯(cuò)誤要以動(dòng)詞為主，動(dòng)詞或與動(dòng)詞有關(guān)的錯(cuò)誤占了改錯(cuò)的題的重要一部分．