Question

We all know that everyone becomes a little more forgetful as they get older, but men’s minds decline more than women’s, according to the results of a worldwide survey.

General differences seem to be natural in male and female brains: Men are better at maintaining and dealing with mental images (useful in mathematical reasoning and spatial skills), while women tend to excel be good at recalling information from their brain’s files. Many studies have looked for a connection between sex and the amount of mental decline people experience as they age, but the results have been mixed.

Some studies found more age-related decline in men than in women, while others saw the opposite or even no relationship at all between sex and mental decline.

Those results could be improper because the studies involved older people, and women live longer than men: The men tested are the survivors, “so they’re the ones that may not have shown such cognitive(認(rèn)知的) decline,” said study team leader Elizabeth of the University of Warwick in England.

Scientists surveyed completed four tasks that tested sex-related cognitive skills: matching an object to its rotated form, matching lines shown from the same angle, typing as many words in a particular category as possible in the given time, e.g. “object usually colored gray”, and recalling the location of objects in a line drawing. The first two were tasks at which men are usually good; the latter are typically dominated by women. Within each age group studied, men and women performed better in their separate categories on average. And though performance declined with age for both genders, women showed obviously less decline than men overall.

1.According to the passage, which of the following can NOT be typed into the same category?

A．cloud            B．sheep            C．trees             D．goose

2.Which of the following statements is true according the article? _______

A．Men do better than women when it comes to learning English.

B．Women stand out at remembering people’s names.

C．Women do well in dealing mathematic problems.

D．Men excel at typing as many words as possible in the given time.

3.One important factor that affects the correctness of the results is that ________.

A．women live longer than men

B．people surveyed are all old

C．the old men tested may not have shown such cognitive decline

D．people taking part in this test came from all over the world

4.The author aims to tell us that _________.

A．women’s minds perform better than men’s

B．men’s minds decline more with age

C．everyone becomes a little more forgetful as they get older

D．a(chǎn) survey on human’s mind decline was done recently

 

Answer 1

【答案】

1.C

2.B

3.C

4.B

【解析】

試題分析:本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，說(shuō)明了隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)，我們?cè)絹?lái)越健忘，根據(jù)調(diào)查，男性比女性健忘要快；女性壽命比男性長(zhǎng)，男性的記憶隨著年齡增長(zhǎng)，下降更快

1.推理題，根據(jù)本文的主要意思“隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)，我們?cè)絹?lái)越健忘，根據(jù)調(diào)查，男性比女性健忘要快；女性壽命比男性長(zhǎng)”可以推出答案，故選C。

2.細(xì)節(jié)題，由第二段第三行while women tend to excel be good at recalling information from their brain’s files.可以知道答案，所以選B。

3.細(xì)節(jié)題，由第四段第二行The men tested are the survivors, “so they’re the ones that may not have shown such cognitive(認(rèn)知的) decline,可以知道答案，所以選C

4.推理題，根據(jù)本文的主要意思“隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)，我們?cè)絹?lái)越健忘，根據(jù)調(diào)查，男性比女性健忘要快；女性壽命比男性長(zhǎng)”可以推出答案，所以選B

考點(diǎn)：本篇是一篇說(shuō)明文

點(diǎn)評(píng)：做細(xì)節(jié)題的關(guān)鍵是找出原文的根據(jù)，認(rèn)真核查題支和原文的異同，常犯錯(cuò)誤有：絕對(duì)化語(yǔ)言，范圍擴(kuò)大或縮小，以偏概全，張冠李戴等。推斷題測(cè)試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系，對(duì)未說(shuō)明的趨勢(shì)或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點(diǎn)理論，對(duì)文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋。考生首先要仔細(xì)閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準(zhǔn)確把握作者觀點(diǎn)。