Question

LONDON (Reuters) — Children are dying for lack of drugs tailored to their needs, according to the World Health Organization (WHO), which launched a global campaign on Thursday to promote more research into child medicine.

More than half of the drugs currently used to treat children in the industrialized world have not been specifically tested on youngsters.

The problem is even worse in developing countries where price remains a major barrier and 6 million children die each year from treatable conditions.

In the case of HIV/AIDS, the few existing pediatric therapies（兒科的療法）developed for children generally cost three times more than adult ones.

As a result, clinicians lack clear guidelines on the best drug to use and often have to guess at the correct dose.

Fortunately, the WHO has drawn up the first international List of Essential Medicines for Children, containing 206 products considered safe for children.

“But a lot remains to be done. There are priority medicines that have not been adapted for children’s use or are not available when needed,” said Dr Hans, the U.N. agency’s director of medicines policy and standards.

Medicines that need to be adapted to children’s needs include many antibiotics, pain drugs as well as combination pills for HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis and malaria.

The agency is building an Internet entrance linking to clinical trials carried out in children and will launch a Web site with the information early next year.

Testing medicines on children has always been a controversial issue, since good ethical（倫理的）practice requires informed agreement from people participating in clinical trials, which is difficult to obtain in the case of children.

As a result, research-based drug companies have been wary of developing child-friendly medicines and general companies have been slow to produce them at lower cost.

In an attempt to deal with the issue, both Europe and the United States now have special rules offering extended patent protection for drugs that have been tested on children.

1.Which of the following is the best title of the passage?

A．A Global Campaign to Promote Research into AIDS Medicine

B．WHO Says Children are Dying for Lack of Child-sized Drugs

C．Many People are Concerned about Children’s Drugs

D．Measures Taken to Develop Child-friendly Medicine Quickly

2.Which of the following medicine is not needed to be adapted to children’s need according to the passage?

A．Pain killers.                            B．Tuberculosis.

C．AID pills.                              D．Flu pills.

3.Why has testing medicines on children always been a controversial issue?

A．It is against good ethical practice

B．Children shouldn’t take part in clinical trials.

C．It is hard to get informed agreement from children tested.

D．Parents don’t allow their children to be tested on medicine.

4.The underlined word “wary” in the last but one paragraph means _________.

A．fast              B．fond             C．cautious          D．uninterested

5.What can be inferred from the passage?

A．There is still a long way to go on children’s medicine.

B．An Internet entrance is being built to link to clinical trials carried out in children.

C．Both Europe and the United States now have special rules offering extended patent protection for children’s drugs.

D．Less than half of the drugs currently used to treat children in the industrialized world have not been specifically tested on youngsters

 

Answer 1

【答案】

1.B

2.D

3.C

4.C

5.A

【解析】

試題分析：文章介紹現(xiàn)在缺乏兒童藥物的嚴重問題，很多兒童為此在面臨死亡的危險，文章還分析不能在兒童身上檢測藥物的原因。

1.主旨題：從文章的第一段的句子：Children are dying for lack of drugs tailored to their needs, according to the World Health Organization (WHO),可知世界健康組織說兒童因為缺乏兒童藥物在面臨死亡的危險。選B

2.細節(jié)題：從第八段的句子：Medicines that need to be adapted to children’s needs include many antibiotics, pain drugs as well as combination pills for HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis and malaria.可知感冒藥不用為兒童改變。選D。

3.細節(jié)題：從第九段的句子：Testing medicines on children has always been a controversial issue, since good ethical（倫理的）practice requires informed agreement from people participating in clinical trials, 可知選C

4.猜詞題：從后面的句子：general companies have been slow to produce them at lower cost.可知研究藥物的公司對研發(fā)有利于兒童的藥物很謹慎。選C。

5.細節(jié)題：從倒數(shù)第二段的句子：general companies have been slow to produce them at lower cost.可知開發(fā)兒童藥物還有很長的路要走。選A

考點：考查新聞報道短文

點評：文章介紹現(xiàn)在缺乏兒童藥物的嚴重問題，很多兒童為此在面臨死亡的危險，文章還分析不能在兒童身上檢測藥物的原因。要求考生仔細閱讀這篇文章，耐心審題，結(jié)合題目做出準確的定位判斷。必要的時候要進行推理，透過句子表面看作者的真正意圖。