China launched its fifth Beidou orbiter into space on Sunday morning, moving it one step closer to its goal of building a navigation(導(dǎo)航) and positioning satellite network.
The Beidou, or Compass, system is being built to rival the US-developed GPS, the European Union's Galileo and Russia's Global Navigation Satellite System. It can allow travelers, drivers and military officials to know their locations.
The fifth orbiter was launched on top of a Long March 3A carrier rocket at 5:30 am on Sunday from Xichang of Southwest China's Sichuan province.
It is the third Compass satellite launched this year, following launches on Jan 17 and June 2.
The short interval of less than two months since the last launch demonstrated that "the country is stepping into a busy period of launching the Compass satellites", an unnamed official in charge of the project said last month.
The first two orbiters were launched in 2007 and 2009 respectively.
Sun Jiadong, the Beidou program's chief designer, said on June 21 in a TV interview that China would launch 13 to 15 Beidou navigation satellites into orbit by 2012 to form a network that provides regional service covering the neighboring areas.
And in about 10 years, the network would be expanded to include more than 30 satellites covering the globe, he said.
The system is a crucial part of the country's space infrastructure for providing navigation and positioning services in transportation, meteorology, petroleum prospecting, forest fire monitoring, disaster forecasting, telecommunications and public security.
In addition, a global positioning system is crucial to any country's national security and defense, said Ran Chengqi, an official in charge of the program, referring to the fact that the US initially built its GPS system for military purposes.
It is unimaginable for China to go without such a system, he said.
Earlier reports cited（引用） Song Xiaojun, a Beijing-based military expert, as saying that 90 percent of the world's current weapons systems need a global positioning system.
This news report was probably released .
A．in January, 2010 B．in June, 2010 C．in July, 2010 D．in August, 2010
The Compass System is expected to finally cover in the future.
A．China B．China and its neigh boring areas
C．Asia, Europe and Oceania D．the earth
At the very beginning, the GPS system was built to help .
A．military officers to judge their locations B．travelers to know their locations
C．drivers to reach their destinations easily D．hunters to find wild animals smoothly
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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
Climate change, pollution, overuse of water and development are killing some of the world’s most famous rivers including China’s Yangtze, India’s Ganges and Africa’s Nile, WWF said on Tuesday．At the global launch of its report “World’s Top 10 Rivers at Risk”, the group said many rivers could dry out, affecting hundreds of millions of people and killing unique aquatic life．
“If these rivers die, millions will lose their livelihoods, biodiversity will be destroyed on a massive scale, there will be less fresh water and agriculture, resulting in less food security,” said Rayi Singh, secretary-general of WWF-India．The report launched ahead of “World Water Day” today, also cited the Rio Grande in the United States, the Mekong and Indus in Asia, Europe’s Danube, La Plata in South America and Australia’s Murray-Darling as in need of greater protection．
Rivers are the world’s main source of fresh water and WWF says about half of the available supply is already being used up．Dams have destroyed habitats and cut rivers off from their flood plains while climate change could affect the seasonal water flows that feed them, the report said．Fish populations, the top source of protein and overall life support for hundreds of thousands of communities worldwide, are also being threatened, it found… The Yangtze basin is one of the most polluted rivers in the world because of decades of heavy industrialization, damming and huge influxes of sediment from land conversion．
Climate change, including higher temperatures, also means serious consequences for fishery productivity, water supply and political security in Africa’s arid Nile basin．Tributaries flowing into the Ganges are drying up because of irrigation, WWF said．
What does the text mainly talk about?
A．Saving fresh water in our life． B．How to protect our rivers．
C．An important discovery． D．World’s top 10 rivers are at risk．
We can infer from the text that _____．
A．rivers’ dying out could affect food security
B．there are four Asian rivers mentioned in the passage
C．the Yangtze is polluted thanks to the lack of enough tributaries
D．higher temperatures couldn’t affect fishery productivity
The top 10 rivers are fast dying as a result of the following EXCEPT _____．
A．climate change B．wasting water
C．pollution D．dams
WWF is probably a name of _____．
A．a(chǎn)n organization B．a(chǎn) newspaper C．a(chǎn) magazine D．a(chǎn) report
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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
Each year, road accidents kill a million people and injure millions more . The economic costs are greatest for developing countries . Earlier this year , the United Nations called for a campaign to improve road safety .
One way to avoid accidents is better driving . Another is better roads and bridges . Engineers in the Unites States have designed ten new concrete mixtures that they think could make bridges last longer .
Professor Paul Tikalsky leads the experiments by a team at Pennsylvania State University . He says bridges made of concrete now last about twenty-five to thirty-five years . But he says the new mixtures might extend that to seventy –five or even one-hundred years .
Concrete is made of stone , sand , water and cement(水泥). The materials in the cement hold the concrete together . Ancient Romans built with concrete . Yet strengthened concrete bridges did not appear until the late 1800s . People keep looking for new ways to improve concrete . Professor Tikalsky says it is one of the most complex of all chemical systems .
The new mixtures designed by his team contain industrial waste products . He says these make the concrete better able to resist damage from water and salt over time . One of the products is fly ash . This is released into the air as pollution when coal is burned .
Professor Tikalsky says particles (顆粒)of fly ash are almost exactly the same size and chemical structure as Portland cement . This is the most costly material in concrete . So using fly ash to replace some of it would save money .
The federal government is paying for part of the research . Engineers anywhere can use the technology . Professor Tikalsky says some of the ideas have already been put to use in China , the Philippines and other countries .
Why did the United Nations launch the campaign ?
A. Because the United Nations wanted to reduce road accidents and economic costs
B. Because two million people were killed in the accidents .
C. Because engineers wanted to design ten new concrete mixtures .
D. Because the United Nations made bridges of the new mixtures which could last for about 20 to 35
years .
What does the underlined word “ this ” in the sixth paragraph refer to ?
A. Fly ash B. Portland cement C. Sand D. Chemical
Which of the following statements is TRUE ?
A. Ten new concrete bridges have already been built in the United States .
B. A new concrete bridge could last 50 more years than an ordinary concrete one .
C. People didn’t know how to build with cement until the late 1800s .
D. Water and salt won’t do any damage to bridges over time .
What does the passage mainly tell us ?
A. The causes of road accidents . B. The advantages of fly ash
C. The measures of avoiding road accidents D. Latest information about long-life concrete bridges
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科目：高中英語 來源：2010年黑龍江省佳木斯一中高一下學(xué)期期末考試英語卷 題型：閱讀理解
Each year, road accidents kill a million people and injure millions more . The economic costs are greatest for developing countries . Earlier this year , the United Nations called for a campaign to improve road safety .
One way to avoid accidents is better driving . Another is better roads and bridges . Engineers in the Unites States have designed ten new concrete mixtures that they think could make bridges last longer .
Professor Paul Tikalsky leads the experiments by a team at Pennsylvania State University . He says bridges made of concrete now last about twenty-five to thirty-five years . But he says the new mixtures might extend that to seventy –five or even one-hundred years .
Concrete is made of stone , sand , water and cement(水泥). The materials in the cement hold the concrete together . Ancient Romans built with concrete . Yet strengthened concrete bridges did not appear until the late 1800s . People keep looking for new ways to improve concrete . Professor Tikalsky says it is one of the most complex of all chemical systems .
The new mixtures designed by his team contain industrial waste products . He says these make the concrete better able to resist damage from water and salt over time . One of the products is fly ash . This is released into the air as pollution when coal is burned .
Professor Tikalsky says particles (顆粒)of fly ash are almost exactly the same size and chemical structure as Portland cement . This is the most costly material in concrete . So using fly ash to replace some of it would save money .
The federal government is paying for part of the research . Engineers anywhere can use the technology . Professor Tikalsky says some of the ideas have already been put to use in China , the Philippines and other countries .
【小題1】Why did the United Nations launch the campaign ?
| A．Because the United Nations wanted to reduce road accidents and economic costs |
| B．Because two million people were killed in the accidents . |
| C．Because engineers wanted to design ten new concrete mixtures . |
| D．Because the United Nations made bridges of the new mixtures which could last for about 20 to 35 |
| A．Fly ash | B．Portland cement | C．Sand | D．Chemical |
| A．Ten new concrete bridges have already been built in the United States . |
| B．A new concrete bridge could last 50 more years than an ordinary concrete one . |
| C．People didn’t know how to build with cement until the late 1800s . |
| D．Water and salt won’t do any damage to bridges over time . |
| A．The causes of road accidents . | B．The advantages of fly ash |
| C．The measures of avoiding road accidents | D．Latest information about long-life concrete bridges |
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科目：高中英語 來源：2011屆湖南長郡中學(xué)高三年級分班考試英語卷 題型：閱讀理解
Riding a London subway, a person from China will notice one major difference; in London, people do not look at each other. In fact, eye contact is avoided at all time. That's not rudeness— people are just too busy to bother looking.
Busy doing what, you ask? Well, they're certainly not using the time for a moment of quiet reflection（沉思）.Nor are they reading a book. New techology has replaced quiet habits. Today the only acceptable form of book on the London Underground is an e-book.
Apple must earn a fortune from London commuters（乘車上下班的人）. Since the launch of the iPhone in 2007, over 40,000-yes, that's 40,000-"apps"(programs downloaded for the iPhone)have been designed.
Commuters love them because they are the perfect time-filler. One "app"，called iShoot, is a game that features tanks. Another one, Tube Exits, tells passengers where to sit on the train to be closest to the exit of their destination（目的地）. ISteam clouds the iPhone screen when you breathe into the microphone. You can then write in the "steam" on your phone screen.
For those without an iPhone, another Apple product, the iPod, may be the distraction（消遣）of choice. It's not just teenagers who "plug in" to their music-iPods are a popular 
way to pass the time for all ages.
And if games, e-books and music aren't enough to keep you occupied. Then perhaps you would prefer a film? The development of palm（掌上）DVD technology means many commuters watch their favorite TV show or film on the way to work. Wi
th all this distraction, it's amazing that people still remember to get off the train.
【小題1】People in London do not make eye contact on the subway because they are busy .
| A．going to work |
| B．reading books |
| C．thinking private thoughts |
| D．playing games, reading e-books, listening to music or watching films |
| A．habits | B．“apps” | C．iPhones | D．films |
| A．iShoot | B．Tube Exits | C．iSteam | D．i Pod |
| A．delighted | B．busy | C．a(chǎn)mused | D．controlled |
| A．London commuters are unfriendly to strangers |
| B．Apple has earned a lot of money from selling 40,000 apps |
| C．technology is changing the way London commuters spend their traveling time |
| D．with all the new time-fillers, London commuters often forget to get off the train. |
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