科目： 來(lái)源： 題型：閱讀理解
Nowadays people use different ways to communicate with each other. And does one always tell the truth when he or she talks with the other on the phone? Or does one sometimes tell a lie when writing an e-mail or giving an instant message? Recent research has found that communications technologies are far from equal when it comes to conveying the truth. The first study, made by Jeff Hancock of Cornell University in Ithaca, New York, to compare honesty across a range of communications media has found that people are twice as likely to tell lies in phone conversations as they are in e-mails. The fact that e-mails are automatically recorded—and can come back to trouble you—appears to be the key to the finding.
Jeff Hancock made an investigation by asking 30 students to keep a communications diary for a week. In it they noted the number of conversations or e-mail exchanges they had lasting more than 10 minutes, and how many lies they told. Hancock then worked out the number of lies per conversation for each medium. He found that lies made up 14 per cent of e-mails, 21 per cent of instant messages, 27 per cent of face-to-face interactions and an astonishing 37 per cent of phone calls.
His results, to be presented at the conference on human computer interaction in Vienna, Austria, in April, have surprised psychologists. Some expected e-mailers to be the biggest liars, reasoning that because the unreal condition makes people uncomfortable, the detachment (非直接接觸) of e-mailing would make it easier to lie. Others expected people to lie more in face-to-face exchanges because people are more practiced at that form of communication.
But Hancock says it is also very important and effective whether a conversation is being recorded and could be reread, and whether it occurs in real time. People appear to be afraid to lie when they know that they will be responsible for what they have said in the conversation, he says. This is why fewer lies appear in e-mail than on the phone.
People are also more likely to lie in real time—in an instant message or phone call, say—than if they have time to think of a response, says Hancock. He found many lies are sudden or immediate responses to demands that they don’t expect, such as: “Do you like my dress?”
Hancock hopes his research will help business companies work out the best ways for their employees to communicate. For instance, the phone might be the best medium for selling their products where employees are encouraged to stretch the truth. But given his results, work assessment, where honesty is regarded as more important than others, might be best done using e-mail.
| Jeff Hancock’s study on lying in different ways of communications | |
| The (71) p from the statistics of the investigation | Lies become (72) p when the communicating ways change form (73) p to instant messages to face-to-face interactions to phone calls. |
| The reasons why people lie/don’t lie | · People won’t lie when their conversations will be recorded and can be reread, or when they know they should be (74) p for what they have (75) p . · People lie in real time mostly because they have to answer (76) p questions without hesitation. |
| The (77) p that business companies can have from the study | · Using telephones for (78) p because their employees can stretch the truth. · Using e-mails for work assessment because their employees must tell what they’ve done (79) p . |
| The inference from the study | Suitable media should be chosen for different (80) p purposes. |
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科目： 來(lái)源： 題型：閱讀理解
I love charity（慈善）shops and so do lots of other people in Britain because you find quite a few of them on every high street. The charity shop is a British institution, selling everything from clothes to electric goods, all at very good prices. You can get things you won’t find in the shops anymore. The thing I like best about them is that your money is going to a good cause and not into the pockets of profit-driven companies, and you are not damaging the planet, but finding a new home for unwanted goods.
The first charity shop was opened in 1947 by Oxfam. The famous charity’s appeal to aid postwar Greece had been so successful that it had been flooded with donations（捐贈(zèng)物）. They decided to set up a shop to sell some of these donations to raise money for that appeal. Now there are over 7,000 charity shops in the UK. My favourite charity shop in my hometown is the Red Cross shop, where I always find children’s books, all 10 or 20 pence each.
Most of the people working in the charity shops are volunteers, although there is often a manager who gets paid. Over 90% of the goods in the charity shops are donated by the public. Every morning you see bags of unwanted items outside the front of shops, although they don’t encourage this, rather ask people to bring things in when the shop is open.
The shops have very low running costs: all profits go to charity work. Charity shops raise more than ￡100 million a year, funding（幫助）medical research, overseas aid, supporting sick and poor children, homeless and disabled people, and much more. What better place to spend your money? You get something special for a very good price and a good moral sense. You provide funds to a good cause and treat lightly on the environment.
67. The author loves the charity shop mainly because of .
A. its convenient location
B. its great variety of goods
C. its spirit of goodwill
D. its nice shopping environment
68. The first charity shop in the UK was set up to .
A. sell cheap products
B. deal with unwanted things
C. raise money for patients
D. help a foreign country
69. Which of the following is TRUE about charity shops?
A. The operating costs are very low.
B. The staff are usually well paid.
C. 90% of the donations are second-hand.
D. They are open twenty-four hours a day.
70. Which of the following may be the best title for the passage?
A. What to Buy at Charity Shops.
B. Charity Shop: Its Origin & Development.
C. Charity Shop: Where You Buy to Donate.
D. The Public’s Concern about Charity Shops.
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科目： 來(lái)源： 題型：閱讀理解
Now we are always hearing about road accidents and when we’re in a car we try to drive carefully, but how many of us take the same degree of care in our homes? Any large hospital will tell you the number of accidents that happen in the home is almost the same as those on the road. I don’t pretend to be an expert, but I’ve thought a lot about how and why these accidents happen and what we can do to prevent them.
One of the commonest and most dangerous causes of home accidents is wrong and careless use of electrical equipment. People will continue to use a loose plug or pull out a plug without first turning off the power. In spite of warnings, one will carry an electric heater into the bathroom when he is going to have a bath. Sometimes one forgets to cut off the power before mending a lamp or something else. All this will cause accidents. So the rule about anything that works by electricity is: Switch off before you touch anything and don’t pretend you know when you actually don’t.
If you’ve got children in the house, it’s always best to keep medicines of any kind out of their reach. Otherwise, they may be taken for candies or a new kind of drink. When there are older people living with you, you have to take particular care in a number of ways in order to make them safe and happy.
Fire, of course, is always a risk. So, remember not to dry clothes in front of fires, or leave stoves in the middle of rooms where they can easily be knocked over. And don’t forget to keep the children away from fire. Smoking, too, causes fire. So you’d better give it up.
Safety first may mean a little more time and care, but it may save you a lot of trouble.
67. The writer thinks the reason why there are so many accidents in our home is that we are _______.
A. less careful in our homes than in a car
B. more careful in our homes than in a car
C. as careful in our homes as in a car
D. not so careful in a car as in our homes
68. The writer advises you _______ about the use of electrical equipment.
A. to appear as if you know everything
B. to pretend that you don’t know anything
C. to pretend that you know everything
D. not to think you know everything
69. It’s best to keep medicines in places that children can’t __________.
A. get on B. get to
C. get in D. get over
70. One way to prevent fires at home is to _________.
A. leave stoves in the middle of the rooms
B. dry clothes near stoves
C. tell children to stay away from fire
D. smoke away from fires
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科目： 來(lái)源： 題型：閱讀理解
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When their parents were children, they imagined a future standing in front of a class of pupils or doing the rounds (巡診) as a doctor. But today’s British teenagers, a survey suggests, seem to have set their sights only on becoming the next Leona Lewis or Wayne Rooney. Researchers questioned 3,000 teenagers about their ambitions (strong desire to achieve sth.) and also asked parents about their youthful career hopes. According to the survey, youngsters dream of a celebrity (明星) lifestyle, perhaps after finding fame through shows such as the X Factor, and of being actors or sports stars. Copying the likes of Rooney and David Beckham was the top career ambition of today’s teenagers, cited (說(shuō)到) by 12 percent. Almost as many, 11 percent, wanted to be pop stars, and the same proportion (比例) dreamed of being actors. The success of celebrity chefs such as Jamie Oliver and Gordon Ramsay is likely to explain why becoming a chef is now the dream of 5 percent, a career ambition which did not figure in the list of 25 years ago. A quarter of a century back teaching was the top career choice, cited by 15 percent. These days the job is chosen by only 4 percent. Of the traditional professions (職業(yè)), only law has risen in popularity. The survey also suggests that more girls dream of becoming doctors and boys want careers as astronauts or firefighters. Child psychologist Laverne Antrobus said the findings reflect（反映）today's celebrity culture and warned children against unrealistic dreams. “Children see footballers, pop stars and actors on TV and their lives look exciting, glamorous (光鮮的) and fun,” she said. “It is hard for them to realize that they are the end product of a lot of ingredients including talent, determination and years of hard work. Wayne Rooney is not on the pitch (球場(chǎng)) by chance.” As Antrobus pointed out, there is absolutely nothing wrong with children having big dreams, but “these have to be based on reality,” she said. UK career ambitions of two generations Today % citing 1. sports star 12 2. pop star 11 3. actor 11 4. astronaut 9 5. lawyer 9 6. emergency services worker7 7. medicine 6 8. chef 5 9. teacher 4 10. vet 3 25 years ago % citing 1. teacher 15 2. banking/ finance 9 3. medicine 7 4. scientist 6 5. vet 6 6. lawyer 6 7. sports star 5 8. astronaut 4 9. hairdresser 4 10. archaeologist 3 56. The study suggests that today's British teenagers want to ______ sports stars, pop stars and actors. A. have the talent of B. work as hard as C. enjoy the celebrity lifestyles of D. become successful by chance like 57.Which of the following statements is TRUE? A. 12 percent of British teenagers surveyed wanted to become chefs. B. 22 percent of British teenagers surveyed wanted to be pop stars or actors. C. None of the traditional professions are favored by today's British teenagers, the survey suggests. D. Teaching, though less popular, seems to remain one of the top career choices on the list. 58. What does the underlined sentence “Wayne Rooney is not on the pitch by chance.” mean? A. Wayne Rooney does not get to play much today. B. Wayne Rooney didn't get into sport by chance. C. Wayne Rooney doesn't believe in luck when he is playing. D. Wayne Rooney didn't become successful by luck. 59. The expert quoted in the article believes ______. A. there's no point in teenagers having dreams B. it is wrong to desire to live the life of a celebrity C. young Britons have the same ambitions as their parents D. children should set practical goals when they think of their career 查看答案和解析>> 科目： 來(lái)源： 題型：閱讀理解 Do you know of anyone who uses the truth to deceive (欺騙)? When someone tells you something that is true, but leaves out important information that should be included, he can give you a false picture. For example, some might say, “I just won a hundred dollars on the lottery (彩票). It was great. I took that dollar ticket back to the store and turned it in for one hundred dollars!” This guy’s a winner, right? Maybe, maybe not. We then discover that he bought $200 worth of tickets, and only one was a winner. He’s really a big loser! He didn’t say anything that was false, but he left out important information on purpose. That’s called a half-truth. Half-truths are not lies, but they are just as dishonest. Some politicians often use this trick. Let’s say that during Governor Smith’s last term, her state lost one million jobs and gained three million jobs. Then she seeks another term. One of her opponents(對(duì)手) says, “During Governor Smith’s term, the state lost one million jobs!” That’s true. However, and honest statement would have been, “During Governor Smith’s term, the state had a net gain of two million jobs.” Advertisers(廣告商) will sometimes use half-truths. It’s against the law to make false statements so they try to mislead you with the truth. An advertisement might say, “Nine out of ten doctors advised their patients to take Yucky Pills to cure toothache.” It fails to mention that they only asked ten doctors and nine of them work for the Yucky Company. This kind of deception happens too often. It’s a sad fact of life: Lies are lies, and sometimes the truth can lie as well. 60. How much did the lottery winner lose? A. One hundred dollars. B. Two hundred dollars. C. Three hundred dollars. D. Four hundred dollars. 61. We may infer (推斷) that the author believes people should _______. A. buy lottery tickets B. make use of half-truths C. not trust anything without careful thoughts D. not trust the Yucky Company 62. What do the underline words “net gain” in Paragraph 5 mean? A. final increase. B. big advantage. C. large share. D. total loss. 63. What can we know from the example of the Yucky Pill advertisement? A. False statements are easy to see through. B. Half-truths are often used to mislead people. C. Doctors like to act in advertisements. D. Advertisements are based on facts. 查看答案和解析>> 科目： 來(lái)源： 題型：閱讀理解 We lived in a technological society where most goods are mass-produced by unskilled labor. Because of this, most people think that craft(手藝) no longer exists. One of the ways these people wrongly support their view is by pointing to 100-year-old homes which are still solid, and arguing that it is the craftsmanship that is responsible for their durability(持久性). “Homes in those days were well-built,” they say. No doubt these homes were well-built, but what these people have done is mix up the quality of material used in the house with the quality of the craftsmanship. Homes today could be built to last just as long as those old homes if people were willing or able to pay the price. For example, more people can no longer afford solid oak stairways, although they were once fairly common in older homes. Nor can they afford the high labor cost of employing a carpenter to build the stairway. Yet if someone can pay the high cost, there are still plenty of carpenters around able to make those stairways. And not only would these carpenters know how to build them, they would probably do a better job than carpenters of old. One thing the modern carpenter has which enables him to do a better job is much more advanced tools. Such tools as laser beams and power planes help them lay out a house better and make more precision cuts on the wood. Also, it is not uncommon any more to find carpenters with college degrees and carpenters with a solid knowledge of mathematics, which would enable them to deal with more difficult house designs. The problems of modern quality, then, really boils down to the problem of material, for the modern carpenter is just as able to produce craftsmanship as the carpenter of fifty years ago, but only if given proper material. 60． Compared to the carpenters in the past, modern carpenters are _______. A. more successful B. more learned C. more imaginative D. more hardworking 61． What does the underlined word “they” (paragraph 2) refer to? carpenters who are fond of oak stairways. carpenters who have college degrees. people who think highly of carpenters of old. people who think that modern material is of low quality. 62． What does the third paragraph mainly discuss? People in the past preferred to use oak to build stairways. It is now expensive to employ a carpenter. Modern houses last as long as the old one. Good carpenters still exist in modern times. 63． What would be the best title for the text? Is Craft Dead? Craft, Back to life? History of craftsmanship Carpenters Today and Yesterday 查看答案和解析>> 科目： 來(lái)源： 題型：閱讀理解 About 90 percent of Chinese believe the polarization(分化) between the rich and poor is “serious” in China, according to a survey conducted by China Youth Daily. And more than 80 percent of the respondents(對(duì)象) surveyed said something must be done to narrow the expanding gap between the rich and poor, while 14.1 percent said it was necessary. The polarization has aroused wide concern among the public in recent years. The State Development and Reform Commission(國(guó)家發(fā)改委) said the Gini Coefficient had reached 0.47 for China, up from o.29 two decades ago. Usually, a country with a number above 0.4 is warned to pay attention to the income inequality problem. To find out the people’s view, the survey covered 10,250 respondents, between the ages of 20 and 30 with a college education and a monthly salary between 1,000 and 3,000 yuan. Surprisingly, most disagreed with the view of experts who claim the urban-rural difference is causing the widening gap. More than 70 percent of the respondents believed that “ the group of special interests” is the prime reason for the polarization, followed by “people in power” 68 percent, and “bosses” 50 percent. Another unexpected finding is that almost all agreed that a good educational background and knowledge were not the decisive factors in gaining wealth. About 95 percent said rich people are not necessarily those who are able to speak English or have a college education. Today in China, rich people , accounting for 10 percent of the population, control 45 percent of the total social fortune, and poor people, also 10 percent of the population, only control 1.5 percent, according to an investigation published by the National Bureau of Statistics last June. 67. It can be inferred that the Gini Coefficient ( in paragraph 2) would probably be ________. A. the unit used in advanced mathematics B. the degree of a country’s development C. the level of the citizen’s living standard D. a measure of income inequality 68. Experts hold the view that the main reason for the polarization is ________. A. the urban-rural difference B. the group of special interests C. the people in power D. the bosses 69. Which of the following can show the correct proportion of the social fortune among population? 70. What’s the best title of the passage? A. Close the Gap between the Rich and Poor B. Surveys conducted by Chins Youth Daily C. Higher education, Higher pay D. Rich-Poor Divide Serious, Study Finds 查看答案和解析>> 科目： 來(lái)源： 題型：閱讀理解 Watching television more than two hours a day early in life can lead to attention problems later in adolescence, according to a study released on Tuesday. The roughly 40 percent increase in attention problems among heavy TV viewers was observed in both boys and girls. The link was established by a long-term study of the habits and behaviors of more than 1,000 children born in Dunedin, New Zealand, between April 1972 and March 1973. The children aged 5 to 11 watched an average of 2.05 hours of weekday television. From age 13 to 15, time spent in front of the tube rose to an average of 3.1 hours a day. "Those who watched more than two hours, and particularly those who watched more than three hours, of television per day during childhood had above-average symptoms of attention problems in adolescence," Carl Landhuis of the University of Otago in Dunedin wrote in his report, published in the journal Pediatrics. Young children who watched a lot of television were more likely to continue the habit as they got older, but even if they did not the damage was done, the report said. "This suggests that the effects of childhood viewing on attention may be long lasting," Landhuis wrote. Landhuis offered several possible explanations for the association. One was that the rapid scene changes common to many TV programs may over stimulate（刺激）the developing brain of a young child, and could make reality seem boring by comparison. "Hence, children who watch a lot of television may become less tolerant of slower-paced and more mundane tasks, such as school work," he wrote. It was also possible that TV viewing may supplant other activities that promote concentration, such as reading, games, sports and play, he said. Previous studies have linked the sedentary固定不動(dòng)的）habit of TV watching among children to obesity and diabetes, and another study in the same journal cited the poor nutritional content of the overwhelming majority of food products advertised on the top-rated US. children's television shows. Up to 98 percent of the TV ads promoting food products that were directed at children aged 2 through 11 "were high in either fat, sugar, or sodium," wrote Lisa Powell of the University of Illinois in Chicago. 56. The recent survey shows that _________. A. watching TV can cause all kinds of diseases for children B. Watching TV over 2 hours a day early in life can cause attention problems later in adolescence C. TV sets have played an important part in our daily lives D. watching TV has side effects on children’s future 57. People used to think that _________. A. the sedentary habit of TV watching among children could easily lead to obesity and diabetes B. watching TV more than 2 hours every day did good to children’s health C. the children wasn’t patient with their homework because of watching TV too much D. it was very important for children to watching TV early in life 58. The underlined word “Hence” means _________. A. In that case B. And yet C. For this reason D. On the contrary 59. In Landhuis’ opinion, _________. A. how to develop children’s attention problems is a lasting problem B. attention problems caused by watching TV during childhood may be hard to get rid of C. the key of settling attention problems is not watching TV. D. there shouldn’t have many food products ads on children's television shows 查看答案和解析>> 科目： 來(lái)源： 題型：閱讀理解 Poverty exists because our society is an unequal one, and there are plenty of political pressures to keep it that way. Any attempt to redistribute wealth and income in the United States will be opposed by powerful middle and upper class interests. People can be relatively rich only if others are relatively poor, and since power is concentrated in the hands of the rich, public policies will continue to reflect their interests rather than those of the poor. A. Functions of Poverty B. Political Power in Poverty C. The Fate of the Poor D. An Unequal Society 68. Poverty exists in American society because ____________. A. the wealthy work hard and are glad to keep it B. the majority of the non-poor are totally indifferent (not paying much attention) to it C. the rich are politically powerful while the poor are politically powerless D. the poor like the jobs that they’re supplied by the wealthy. A. under political pressure B. for the high pay offered C. as they are reasonably paid D. though ill-paid B. the poor are not supposed to work hard C. the poor are willing to bear the costs of change D. none of the above 查看答案和解析>> 科目： 來(lái)源： 題型：閱讀理解 We find that bright children are seldom held back by mixed-ability teaching. On the contrary, both their knowledge and experience are enriched. We feel that there are many disadvantages in streaming(按能力分班) pupils. It does not consider the fact that children develop at different rates. It can have had effect on both the bright and the not-so-bright children. After all, it can be quite discouraging to be the bottom of the top grade. Besides, it is rather unreal to grade people just according to their intellectual(智力) ability. This is only one aspect of their total personality. We care much about the development of all the pupils’ abilities to the full, not just their study ability. We also value personal qualities and social skills, and we find that mixed-ability teaching does good to these aspects of learning. In our classrooms, we work in various ways. The pupils often work in groups; this gives them the chance to learn to work together, to share, and to develop leadership skills. They also learn how to deal with personal problems as well as learning how to think, to make decisions, to analyze(分析) an devaluate(評(píng)價(jià)) and to communicate effectively. The pupils learn from each other as well as from the teachers. Sometimes the pupils work in pairs; sometimes they work on individual(個(gè)人) tasks, and they can do this at their own speed. They also have some formal class teaching when this is proper. We encourage our pupils to use the library, and we teach them the skills they need in order to do this well. An advanced pupil can do advanced work and it does not matter what age the child is. We expect our pupils to do their best, not their least, and we give them every encouragement to achieve this goal. 56. By “held back” in the first paragraph, the writer means “________”. A. made to remain in the same class B. forced to study in the lower class C. drawn away form their studies D. prevented from advancing 57. The writer’s purpose of writing this passage is to ________. A. argue for teaching bright and not-so-bright pupils in the same class B. advise pair work and group work for classroom activity C. offer advice on the proper use of the library D. tell us the importance of proper formal classroom teaching 58. What would be the best title for the text? A. Pair work. B. Group work. C. Mixed-ability teaching D. Individual tasks. 查看答案和解析>> 同步練習(xí)冊(cè)答案 百度致信 - 練習(xí)冊(cè)列表 - 試題列表 湖北省互聯(lián)網(wǎng)違法和不良信息舉報(bào)平臺(tái) | 網(wǎng)上有害信息舉報(bào)專區(qū) | 電信詐騙舉報(bào)專區(qū) | 涉歷史虛無(wú)主義有害信息舉報(bào)專區(qū) | 涉企侵權(quán)舉報(bào)專區(qū) 違法和不良信息舉報(bào)電話：027-86699610 舉報(bào)郵箱：58377363@163.com版權(quán)聲明：本站所有文章，圖片來(lái)源于網(wǎng)絡(luò)，著作權(quán)及版權(quán)歸原作者所有，轉(zhuǎn)載無(wú)意侵犯版權(quán)，如有侵權(quán)，請(qǐng)作者速來(lái)函告知，我們將盡快處理，聯(lián)系qq：3310059649。 ICP備案序號(hào): 滬ICP備07509807號(hào)-10 鄂公網(wǎng)安備42018502000812號(hào) |
