16． it作主語的用法: 1)it用作代詞 ①指代事物或前面提到過的事物.例如: What’s in the picture?．It's a cat．圖畫里是什么?是一只貓. It's the wind shaking the door．是風(fēng)刮得門響. 你曾經(jīng)給過她許多幫助.她永遠也不會忘記. ②指人.例如: Who is it ? It's me. 是誰?是我. ③表示時間或季節(jié).例如: It is seven o'clock now. 現(xiàn)在7點鐘. What day is today? It is Friday.今天星期幾?今天星期五. What is the date today? It's the third of May.今天幾號?今天5月3號. What season is it? It's autumn.現(xiàn)在是什么季節(jié)?是秋天. ④表示距離.例如: How far is it from the school to your home? 從學(xué)校到你家多遠? It is twenty miles from here to the village.從這里到那村莊20英里路. ⑤表示氣候.例如: It is cold today. 今天天氣冷. What was the weather like yesterday? It was fine. 昨天天氣怎樣?天氣晴朗. It often rains here in summer. 這里夏天時常下雨. ⑥表示情況.例如: How is it going with you ? 你近來情況怎樣? Where does it hurt? 哪兒痛? Whose pen is this? It's mine. 這是誰的鋼筆?是我的. 2)it用作形式主語 it常用來代替不定式.動名詞短語或名詞性從句作形式主語.位于句首.而被替代的真正主語后置. ① it + 謂語 + 不定式.例如: It is easy to climb the hill.爬那座小山很容易. It is his duty to settle the problem.解決那個問題是他的責(zé)任. It is not proper to do so.這樣做不恰當(dāng). ② it + 謂語 + 動名詞短語.例如: It is no use arguing with him.同他爭辯沒用. It is no good going there. 到那里去沒有用處. It is exciting working here with you.在這里同你一起工作很令人興奮. ③ it + 謂語 + 名詞性從句.例如: It is clear that she is the best student in the class. 很明顯.她是班上最好的學(xué)生. It's a pity that you can't go with her.你不能同她一塊去.真遺憾. It's certain that he will get on well with them. 可以肯定.他會同他們相處得很好. It is said that he is doing fine in school.據(jù)說他在學(xué)校里表現(xiàn)很好. It doesn't mater whether he comes or not.他來不來都沒有關(guān)系. 注意:先行詞it充當(dāng)形式主語.構(gòu)成大量的常用句式.要注意計后謂語不同的形式.并譯成通順的漢語. (1) It is a pity that．．．真可惜--.可惜的是-- It is a fact that．．．事實是-- It is a wonder that...這真是個奇跡 It is no wonder that...難怪-- (2)It is obviousthat．．．很明顯--.很清楚-- It is strange that...奇怪的是--.--令人費解 (3) It so happened that...碰巧--.說來也巧-- It follows that...從而--.于是乎--.這樣一來-- It seems that...看來-- It appears that...看來--.似乎-- It turned out that... 原來--.結(jié)果-- It occurred to me that... 我突然想到-- (4) It was said that...據(jù)說-- It was reported that... 據(jù)報道-- It is believed that... 據(jù)認(rèn)為.人們認(rèn)為-- It is universally accepted that... 普遍認(rèn)為 It was announced that... 據(jù)宣布 It is estimated that...據(jù)估計 It is to be noted that...值得注意的是-- It must be admitted that...必須承認(rèn) It can safely be said that...完全可以說-- It can thus be concluded that...由此可以得出結(jié)論-- (5)It doesn’t matter．．． --是無關(guān)緊要的 It doesn't need to be bothered that...無須擔(dān)憂 ．．．．． It makes no difference...--毫無二致 【查看更多】

 

題目列表(包括答案和解析)

翻譯句子 (共4小題, 每小題2.5分, 滿分10分)

根據(jù)所給的中文和括號內(nèi)的語法提示, 把下面句子翻譯成英語,寫在答題卷相應(yīng)的橫線上。

71. 實話告訴你, 我被人家取笑是很尷尬的。(it作主語）

To tell you the truth，                                                        .

72. 如果我把黑色照相機和白色照相機做過比較，就不會選擇那臺黑色的了。（虛擬語氣）

If I                        the black camera with the white,                                                                                

             　　　　　　　  .

73. 找到了問題所在, 公交車司機向乘客道歉, 由于他讓大家等了這么久。 (名詞從句)

Finding                                       ，the bus driver said sorry to the passengers for __________________________________________________________________.

74. 直到廢除奴隸制的時候， 他才意識到黑人將得到徹底的解放。（被動語態(tài)）

Not until the slavery was got rid of                                                                              

                                                                              .

 

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翻譯句子 (共4小題, 每小題2.5分, 滿分10分)

根據(jù)所給的中文和括號內(nèi)的語法提示, 把下面句子翻譯成英語,寫在答題卷相應(yīng)的橫線上。

71. 實話告訴你, 我被人家取笑是很尷尬的。(it作主語）

To tell you the truth，                                                        .

72. 如果我把黑色照相機和白色照相機做過比較，就不會選擇那臺黑色的了。（虛擬語氣）

If I                        the black camera with the white,                                                                                

             　　　　　　　  .

73. 找到了問題所在, 公交車司機向乘客道歉, 由于他讓大家等了這么久。 (名詞從句)

Finding                                       ，the bus driver said sorry to the passengers for __________________________________________________________________.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

74. 直到廢除奴隸制的時候， 他才意識到黑人將得到徹底的解放。（被動語態(tài)）

Not until the slavery was got rid of                                                                              

                                                                              .

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選詞填空

turn back往回走，使…倒轉(zhuǎn)　　turn down把(收音機等)開小一些

turn in上交，上床睡覺　　turn on開(收音機，燈等)

turn off關(guān)(收音機，燈等)

turn out生產(chǎn)，制造(成品)或跟不定式，構(gòu)成復(fù)合謂語，跟從句(用it作主語)其后跟形容詞、副詞、名詞、意為結(jié)果，原來(情況)

turn over移交，翻閱，考慮，細(xì)想　　turn to向…求助，翻到

turn up出現(xiàn)，來(開會，赴約等)(把收音機)開大一點聲

(1)To whom should we ________ the key when we leave the room?

(2)“Please ________ page 40,”said the teacher．

(3)He promised to attend my birthday party, but till now he hasn’t ________ yet．

(4)Excuse me, ________ the radio a little．I could hear nothing．

(5)If you have any difficulty, you can ________ me．

(6)That radio is pretty loud．Could you ________ it ________ a little?

(7)I want to ________ early tonight because I should get up early tomorrow．

(8)Remember to ________ all the lights before you leave the room．

(9)Have you ________ your exercise book?

(10)The wheel of history can never be ________．

(11)Would you mind ________ the light?It is dark．

(12)She was afraid things were not going to ________ smooth for us．

(13)The English evening party ________ a great success．

(14)The factory ________ 2000 new cars last year．

(15)It ________ that he has never been there．No wonder he knows nothing about it．

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第二節(jié) 句子翻譯（（共10小題上，每小題2.5分，滿分25分）

對一個高中生來說，在一周內(nèi)完成這個任務(wù)（task）是很有挑戰(zhàn)性的。（It is +adj. +for sb. to do sth.）

正在舞臺上跳舞的那個女孩兒是我的小妹妹。（who引導(dǎo)的定語從句）。

瑪麗很喜歡吃水果，比如蘋果和桔子。（such as）

盡管他很年輕，但他能獨立謀生了。（though）

我打電話告訴了警察車禍的事。（inform sb. of sth.）

我在校門口一見到瑪麗就把錢還給了她。（upon doing sth.）

我正在努力學(xué)習(xí)如何用英語提建議。（how to）

別擔(dān)心。 每個人在人生的某個階段都會經(jīng)歷這些問題。（experience）

我和爸爸每天晚上花一個小時在操場上鍛煉身體。（spend time doing sth.）

到歐洲旅游對我來說是一次令人激動而又愉快的經(jīng)歷。（動名詞作主語）

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翻譯下列句子。
1. 你的作文需要修改。(動詞-mg形式作賓語)
    _______________________________________________________
2. 學(xué)習(xí)有關(guān)語言的知識比使用語言容易。(動詞-ing形式作主語)
    _______________________________________________________
3. 我們應(yīng)該盡力增強我們的體質(zhì)。(build up)
    _______________________________________________________
4. 好的習(xí)慣是成功的關(guān)鍵。(lead to)
    _______________________________________________________
5. 我們把書放進書柜的目的是不沾上灰塵。(keep... free from)
    _______________________________________________________
6. 我們會議的重點是婦女權(quán)利問題。(focus)
    _______________________________________________________
7. 她設(shè)法降低她的體重。(reduce)
    _______________________________________________________
8. 對人們說的話我不會作評論。(comment)
    _______________________________________________________
9. 你是最后一個通過駕駛執(zhí)照考試的人。(the last+動詞不定式)
    _______________________________________________________
10. 作無益的后悔是沒有用的。(it作形式主語)
    _______________________________________________________

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