Question

【題目】N2和H2合成NH3的能量變化如圖所示，該反應(yīng)的熱化學(xué)方程式是

A. N2(g)+3H2(g)2NH3(l) ΔH=2(a-b-c) kJ·mol-1

B. N2(g)+3H2(g)2NH3(g) ΔH=2(b-a) kJ·mol-1

C. 1/2N2(g)+3/2H2(g)NH3(l) ΔH=(b+c-a) kJ·mol-1

D. 1/2N2(g)+3/2H2(g)NH3(g) ΔH=(a+b) kJ·mol-1

Answer 1

【答案】A

【解析】

由圖示可知:(1)斷裂 mol N2(g)和mol H2(g)中的化學(xué)鍵共吸收akJ的能量,由1 mol N和3 mol H生成1 mol NH3(g)放出bkJ的能量,由1 mol NH3(g)變?yōu)?/span>1 mol NH3(l)放出ckJ能量;(2)由mol N2(g)和mol H2(g)生成1 mol NH3(g)或1 mol NH3(l)均放出能量。故有①N2(g)+H2(g)NH3(g) ΔH=-(b-a)kJ·mol-1=(a-b)kJ·mol-1或②N2(g)+H2(g)NH3(l) ΔH=-(b+c-a)kJ·mol-1=(a-b-c)kJ·mol-1,因此C、D項(xiàng)均錯(cuò)誤。將①式乘以2得:N2(g)+3H2(g)2NH3(g) ΔH=2(a-b)kJ·mol-1,B項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤;將②式乘以2得:N2(g)+3H2(g)2NH3(l) ΔH=2(a-b-c)kJ·mol-1,A項(xiàng)正確。