解:(Ⅰ)∵函數(shù)f(x)=ln(e
x+a)(a為常數(shù))是實數(shù)集R上的奇函數(shù)
∴f(x)+f(-x)=0即ln(e
x+a)+ln(e
-x+a)=0,即(e
x+a)(e
-x+a)=1,整理得a(e
-x+e
x+a)=0恒成立,故a=0
又g(x)=λx-cosx在區(qū)間
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上是減函數(shù)
g′(x)=λ+sinx在區(qū)間
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上恒小于等于0即,λ≤-sinx在區(qū)間
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上恒成立,可得λ≤-1
(Ⅱ)函數(shù)g(x)=λx-cosx在區(qū)間
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上是減函數(shù),故函數(shù)g(x)的最大值是
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λ
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≤λt-1,即
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由(Ⅰ)知λ≤-1,
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在(-∞,-1)上是減函數(shù),故t≤
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(Ⅲ)
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,由(Ⅰ)知f(x)=x,故方程可變?yōu)?img class='latex' src='http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic5/latex/52879.png' />
令f
1(x)=
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,f
2(x)=x
2-2ex+m
則f
1′(x)=
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,當x∈(0,e)時f
1′(x)>0,f
1(x)為增函數(shù);當x∈(e,+∞)時f
1′(x)<0,f
1(x)為減函數(shù);
∴當x=e時,f
1(x)的最大值為f
1(e)=
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而f
2(x)=x
2-2ex+m=(x-e)
2-e
2+m
2,
結合f
1(x)與f
2(x)的大致圖象可得
當-e
2+m>
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,即 m>e
2+
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時,方程無實根;
-e
2+m=
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,m=e
2+
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時,方程有一個實根;
-e
2+m<
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,0<m<e
2+
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時,方程有兩個實根;
分析:(Ⅰ)函數(shù)f(x)=ln(e
x+a)(a為常數(shù))是實數(shù)集R上的奇函數(shù),可得出f(x)+f(-x)=0,由此方程恒成立求a,g(x)=λx-cosx在區(qū)間
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上是減函數(shù)可得出其導數(shù)符號在區(qū)間
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上恒負;
(Ⅱ)對(Ⅰ)中所得的任意實數(shù)λ都有g(x)≤λt-1在
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上恒成立,可知g(x)
max≤λt-1,由此不等式解出實數(shù)t的取值范圍;
(Ⅲ)構造兩個函數(shù)f
1(x)=
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,f
2(x)=x
2-2ex+m,將方程有根的問題轉化為函數(shù)有交點的問題進行研究.
點評:本題考查導數(shù)在最大值與最小值問題中的應用,解答本題關鍵是掌握導數(shù)與單調性的關系,由函數(shù)的單調性判斷出函數(shù)的最值,本題中第二問中的恒成立的問題就是一個求最值,利用最值建立不等式的題型,本類題運算量大,且多是符號算,故解題時要嚴謹認真,避免因運算失誤或變形失誤導致解題失�。�