17.A strange,new dilemma faces Chinese pedestrians:should you help an elderly person who has fallen into the street?The answer seems simple.Your conscience forces you to help someone in danger.But many Chinese are discovering that some of these injured people are scammers.They accuse good Samaritans(好心人) of having knocked them over in the first place,and they file complaints in hopes of receiving large amounts of compensation.
There are frequent reports on such incidents and following disputes.On Sept 8,a new case happened in Huainan,Anhui province.Yuan Chen,a 20-year-old college student from Huainan Normal University,claimed that she helped an injured elderly woman on the street.But the woman's family has demanded that Yuan take full responsibilities for the injuries.
Since the incident happened in the security cameras'blind spot,both sides are looking for witnesses to clear their names.The local police department is also investigating the case.But how can you possibly solve a case like this,where the only evidence comes from two conflicting viewpoints?
"This kind of cases should follow the principle of‘the burden of proof lies with the person making the claim',"Ye Lin,a law professor from Renmin University of China,told China Central Television.The burden of proof means the collection of proof or evidence.In civil cases,"if you accuse someone of causing you harm or losses,you should collect convincing proof to back your claim,"said Ye."If you cannot do that,the law will not be able to support your claim."
The law may not resolve all the problems,however.Some elderly people choose to blackmail(敲詐) their helpers because they do not have health insurance.To prevent this,the country needs to put in place a better social security net.
12.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the first paragraph?B
A.Conscience is troublesome because it compels you to help someone who will set you up in return.
B.Sometimes the warm-hearted are wrongly accused of having knocked others over.
C.It is advisable for Chinese people to turn a blind eye to someone in danger.
D.There's no doubt that the elderly usually fell down on purpose to claim compensation.
13.What does the sentence in paragraph 3"both sides are looking for witnesses to clear their names"mean?D
A.Both sides are in search of someone who can call out their names.
B.Both sides are in search of evidence that can clarify their opinions.
C.Both sides are in search of evidence that can wash away their crimes.
D.Both sides are in search of someone who can prove they are telling the truth.
14.What can we infer from Ye Lin,the law professor's words?C
A.Ye Lin thinks it is Yuan Chen who is responsible for gathering proof.
B.In civil cases,the accused should collect proof as well to reject the claim.
C.The principle regards the accused as innocent until convincing proof can be provided.
D.Since it is hard to collect convincing proof,both sides should take on the responsibility.
15.What is most likely to be written in the paragraph that follows?B
A.To make comments on this hot social phenomenon.
B.To emphasize the necessity of an improved social security system.
C.To analyze deep causes of the elderly blackmailing their helpers.
D.To illustrate the impact brought about by the blackmail on our society.
分析 短文主要講了當(dāng)你在路上碰到摔倒的人,幫不幫忙的問題,并列舉了一些事例.
解答 12.B,細(xì)節(jié)理解題,根據(jù)句子They accuse good Samaritans(好心人) of having knocked them over in the first place可知,有時候熱心幫助別人的人會被控訴說把人撞倒,故答案為B.
13.D,句意猜測題,根據(jù)前面的句子Since the incident happened in the security cameras'blind spot可知,由于事情發(fā)生在監(jiān)控的死角,因此兩邊的人都在找目擊者來證明,故答案為D.
14.C,推理判斷題,根據(jù)句子if you accuse someone of causing you harm or losses,you should collect convincing proof to back your claim可知,如果對方控訴這個大學(xué)生,那么就得找出證據(jù),不然該控訴不成立,因此他認(rèn)為該大學(xué)生無罪除非有證據(jù)證明,故答案為C.
15.B,推理判斷題,根據(jù)最后一句To prevent this,the country needs to put in place a better social security net.作者建議國家應(yīng)建立更好的社會安全網(wǎng)絡(luò),因此接下來要寫的有可能強(qiáng)調(diào)其重要性,故答案為B.
點評 解答任務(wù)型閱讀理解題,首先對原文材料迅速瀏覽,掌握全文的主旨大意.因為閱讀理解題一般沒有標(biāo)題,所以,速讀全文,抓住中心主旨很有必要,在速讀的過程中,應(yīng)盡可能多地捕獲信息材料.其次,細(xì)讀題材,各個擊破.掌握全文的大意之后,細(xì)細(xì)閱讀每篇材料后的問題,弄清每題要求后,帶著問題,再回到原文中去尋找、捕獲有關(guān)信息.最后,要善于抓住每段的主題句,閱讀時,要有較強(qiáng)的針對性.對于捕獲到的信息,要做認(rèn)真分析,仔細(xì)推敲,理解透徹,只有這樣,針對題目要求,才能做到穩(wěn)、準(zhǔn).