5．We all have a first and last name，or personal and family name．But for many of us，it doesn't stop there．We also have nicknames，（25）which mostly come from our real name．
Some of them are obvious．Tom is short for Thomas； Sam is short for Samuel．However，there are some nicknames whose origins are more mysterious．
Take the name William （26）as an example．It can be shortened to Will，and also Bill．But how does Bill come from William？During the Middle Ages，people like to change letters to make names easier to pronounce．For example，a hard consonant （輔音） like B is clearer than soft ones like W．Bill sounds much clearer than Will．Interestingly，the people of England even called King William III，（27）who ruled in the 17th century，"King Billy"．
Richard （28）has been（be） a popular name in England for centuries，too．It was commonly shortened to Rich and Rick to save time．Also like the name William，people liked to make rhyming names．So Rick became Dick．This nickname became so popular （29）that it is included in an idiom．"Every Tom，Dick or Harry"means everybody!
The （30）most popular（popular） name for English kings has been Henry．England has had eight king Henrys．Yet most of them （31）preferred（prefer） to be called Harry by the people．It is a tradition still held．British Prince Harry's real name is Henry．I wonder （32）whether/if Harry Potter's real name is Henry？

分析 短文主要講了小名的來源，并介紹了一些比較神秘的名字起源和一些比較流行的小名．

解答 25．which，考查定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞，先行詞nicknams，引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句應(yīng)使用which．      
26．a(chǎn)s，考查固定搭配take sth．a(chǎn)s an example"舉…例子來說明"，as是"作為"的意思．               
27．who，考查定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞，先行詞為人King William III，因此引導(dǎo)定語從句使用who．             
28．has been，考查謂語，句中有時間狀語for centuries，謂語動詞應(yīng)使用現(xiàn)在完成時have done的形式，主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，故答案為has been．    
29．that，考查固定搭配so…that…"如此…以致于…"．       
30．most popular，考查形容詞的最高級，根據(jù)語境表示最流行的英國國王名字，因此使用popular的最高級形式．    
31．preferred，考查謂語動詞，句子描述的是過去的事實，應(yīng)使用一般過去時，故答案為preferred．      
32．whether/if，考查賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞，根據(jù)wonder可知從句引導(dǎo)詞應(yīng)使用"是否"whether或if．

點評 對于語法填空這類題，一是懂得分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，二是知道充當(dāng)各個句子成分的詞類或詞性，從語法上確定答案，當(dāng)然，對于某些固定搭配也要牢記，在平時的學(xué)習(xí)中要多積累這些詞匯或短語，對于句子使用的時態(tài)語態(tài)也要通過語境進行確定．

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A．the National Park Service will celebrate its 100th anniversary
B．more educational programs will be started in national parks
C．NatureBridge plans to work with the National Park Service
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B．It provides programs for college students．
C．It was established earlier than Yellowstone．
D．It offered some educational programs before．
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B．is aimed at laboratory activities
C．has benefited quite a lot of students
D．provides online field science programs
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70．You can probably read this text in the section ofB．
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