17.When very small dinosaur bones were found in a Germany mine people thought they were from baby dinosaurs.(48)Hower,scientist Martin Sander's work shows that they were probably fully grown and belong to the smallest giant dinosaur species ever found.
Growth marks on dinosaur bones are similar(49)to growth rings on trees.The rings are far apart while the animal is young and growing quickly.(50)They get closer as growth slows."It is exactly these tight ring marks that we found in the fossil (化石) bones,"says Sander.So the fossils must have been from adult animals.
(51)why was this German dinosaur so much smaller than other giant dinosaurs,which grew up to 45metres long and weighed as much as a thousand humans?
150million years ago,most of Germany was underwater.Scientists think that (52)as water levels rose,there was less and less land and food available.The dinosaur was forced to adapt and evolved into(53)a smaller animal needing (54)lessspace and food.
Since 1998,scientists have dug up more than 1,000dinosaur fossils in the mine.It is one of the few places in the world (55)wherethe bones and footprints of dinosaurs have been found together.

分析 本文寫(xiě)了在德國(guó)發(fā)現(xiàn)了恐龍化石,并對(duì)這些化石進(jìn)行了研究,闡明了這些恐龍?bào)w格嬌小的原因.

解答 48.However 考查連詞,根據(jù)上文"有人認(rèn)為德國(guó)發(fā)現(xiàn)的應(yīng)該是恐龍幼仔的化石",下文"但科學(xué)家Martin Sander認(rèn)為這些恐龍已經(jīng)發(fā)育完全了",可以看出兩句之間是一種轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,所以這里要用表示轉(zhuǎn)折的連詞.However"然而,但是"表轉(zhuǎn)折,所以答案是However.
49.to 考查固定短語(yǔ),根據(jù)句意"在恐龍的骨頭上生長(zhǎng)的年輪與樹(shù)木的生長(zhǎng)年輪類(lèi)似"be similar to 固定短語(yǔ)"與…類(lèi)似,",所以答案是to.
50.They  考查句意理解,根據(jù)句意"生長(zhǎng)緩慢時(shí),恐龍骨頭密度就會(huì)加大",They指rings.答案是They
51.why 考查上下文的聯(lián)系,下文解釋說(shuō)明了這只在德國(guó)發(fā)現(xiàn)的恐龍比其他地區(qū)恐龍小的原因,與該疑問(wèn)句形成因果關(guān)系,所以此題應(yīng)填"why"
 52 as  考查連詞,根據(jù)下文可用的陸地和食物越來(lái)越少,可見(jiàn)是隨著水位升高.a(chǎn)s 連詞"隨著",所以答案是as.
53.a(chǎn)  考查冠詞,解析:恐龍被迫適應(yīng)環(huán)境進(jìn)而演變成一種更小的動(dòng)物,a+可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)表示一類(lèi)人或者是物,所以答案是a.
54.less 考查形容詞,根據(jù)句意恐龍演變成一種更小的動(dòng)物,需要更少的空間和食物,less是little的比較級(jí),修飾space 和food,所以答案是less.
55.where  考查定語(yǔ)從句,定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞為places,在從句the bones and footprints of dinosaurs have been found together中做地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ),所以要用關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo),答案是where.

點(diǎn)評(píng) 語(yǔ)法填空是通過(guò)語(yǔ)篇在語(yǔ)境中考查語(yǔ)法知識(shí)的運(yùn)用能力,在解題前應(yīng)快速瀏覽短文掌握大意,在讀懂短文的基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合短文提供的特定的語(yǔ)言環(huán)境去逐句分析.要解決好語(yǔ)法填空,離不開(kāi)堅(jiān)實(shí)的語(yǔ)法知識(shí),有了堅(jiān)實(shí)的語(yǔ)法知識(shí)才能對(duì)語(yǔ)言進(jìn)行正確的分析和判斷,從而答對(duì)題目.

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