2.Fear may be felt in the heart as well as in the head,according to a study that has found a link between the cycles of a beating heart and the chance of someone feeling fear.
Tests on healthy volunteers found that they were more likely to feel a sense of fear at the moment when their hearts are contracting(收縮) and pumping blood around their bodies,compared with the point when the heartbeat is relaxed.Scientists say the results suggest that the heart is able to influence how the brain responds to a fearful event,depending on which point it is at in its regular cycle of contraction and relaxation.
Sarah Garfinkel at the Brighton and Sussex Medical School said:"Our study shows for the first time that the way in which we deal with fear is different depending on when we see fearful pictures in relation to our heart."
The study tested 20healthy volunteers on their reactions to fear as they were shown pictures of fearful faces.Dr Garfinkel said,"The study showed that fearful faces are better noticed when the heart is pumping than when it is relaxed.Thus our hearts can also affect what we see and what we don't see-and guide whether we see fear."
To further understand this relationship,the scientists also used a brain scanner(掃描儀) to show how the brain influences the way the heart changes a person's feeling of fear.
"We have found an important mechanism by which the heart and brain‘speak'to each other to change our feelings and reduce fear,"Dr Garfinkel said.
"We hope that by increasing our understanding about how fear is dealt with and ways that it could be reduced,we may be able to develop more successful treatments for anxiety disorders,and also for those for those who may be suffering from serious stress disorder."
47.What is the finding of the study?A
A.One's heart affects how he feels fear.
B.fear is a result of one's relaxed heartbeat.
C.fear has something to do with one's health.
D.Ones fast heartbeats are likely to cause fear.
48.The study was carried out by analyzingC.
A.volunteers'heartbeats when they saw terrible pictures
B.the time volunteers saw fearful pictures and their health conditions
C.volunteers'reactions to horrible pictures and data form their brain scans
D.different pictures shown to volunteers and their heart-brain communication
49.Which of the following is closest in meaning to"mechanism"in Paragraph 6?B
A.Order.B.system.C.Machine.D.Treatment.
50.This study may contribute toA.
A.treating anxiety and stress better
B.explaining the cycle of fear and anxiety
C.finding the sky to the heart-brain communication
D.understanding different fears in our hearts and heads.
分析 本文是一篇說明文.主要介紹了對二十名健康的志愿者進行的恐懼反應試驗,告訴讀者我們的大腦與心臟都能感知到恐懼,而且心臟跳動的周期與人們感知恐懼是有關(guān)聯(lián)的,而這份研究成果未來有望更成功地用于治療憂慮癥以及其他應激障礙疾。
解答 47.A 細節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)according to a study that has found a link between the cycles of a beating heart and the chance of someone feeling fear可知研究發(fā)現(xiàn)心跳循環(huán)與人感知恐懼是有關(guān)聯(lián)的,故選A.
48.C 細節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)第四段The study tested 20 healthy volunteers on their reactions to fear as they were shown pictures of fearful faces.這項研究對20名健康的志愿者進行了試驗,觀察他們看到恐懼面孔圖片時的反應,以及第五段the scientists also used a brain scanner(掃描儀) to show how the brain influences the way the heart changes a person's feeling of fear.科學家們還使用掃描儀演示大腦是如何影響心臟改變?nèi)藢謶值母兄绞剑虼丝芍@項實驗是通過研究志愿者們對恐懼圖片的反應以及來自大腦掃描儀的數(shù)據(jù)得出結(jié)論,故選C.
49.B 詞義推測題.根據(jù)We have found an important mechanism by which the heart and the brain‘speak'to each other to change our feelings and reduce fear可知通過這個系統(tǒng),心臟和大腦可以相互"交流"以便于改變我們的感覺并減少恐懼.因此,mechanism是心臟與大腦交流的一個完整系統(tǒng),而不是"命令、機器以及治療".故選B.
50.A 細節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)we may be able to develop more successful treatments for anxiety disorders,and also for those who may be suffering from serious stress disorder.我可以能夠更成功地治療憂慮癥,還可以治療那些正遭受應激障礙疾病痛苦的患者.可知這項研究可以更好地治療憂慮癥和應激障礙,故選A.
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