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9.Winter begins in the north on December 22nd.People and animals have been doing what they always do to prepare for the colder months.Squirrels (松鼠),for example,have been busy gathering nuts from trees.Well,scientists have been busy gathering information about what the squirrels do with the food they collect.
They examined differences between red squirrels and gray squirrels in the American state of Indiana.The scientists wanted to know how these differences could affect the growth of black walnut (黑胡桃) trees.The black walnut is the nut of choice for both kinds of squirrels.The black walnut tree is also a central part of some hardwood forests.
Rob Swihart of Purdue University did the study with Jake Goheen,a former Purdue student now at the University of New Mexico.The two researchers estimate that several times as many walnuts grow when gathered by gray squirrels as compared to red squirrels.Gray squirrels and red squirrels do not store nuts and seeds in the same way.Gray squirrels bury nuts one at a time in a number of places.But they seldom remember where they buried every nut.So some nuts remain in the ground.Conditions are right for them to develop and grow the following spring.Red squirrels,however,store large groups of nuts above ground.Professor Swihart calls"death traps for seeds".
Gray squirrels are native to Indiana.But Professor Swihart says their numbers began to decrease as more forests were cut for agriculture.Red squirrels began to spread through the state during the past century.
The researchers say red squirrels are native to forests that stay green all year,unlike walnut trees.They say the cleaning of forest land for agriculture has helped red squirrels invade Indiana.Jake Goheen calls them a sign of an environmental problem more than a cause.

68.The study done by Rob Swihart and Jake Goheen is toB.
A.find out the living conditions for squirrels
B.learn squirrels'influence on black walnut trees
C.do something to get rid of squirrels
D.save the forests in the American state of Indiana
69.The difference between gray squirrels and red squirrels mainly lies inD.
A.the way they gather the walnut  
B.the time they have winter sleep
C.the place they have winter sleep  
D.the place they store the walnuts
70.When Professor Swihart says"death traps for seeds",he actually means thatC.
A.red squirrels eat more nuts than gray squirrels
B.gray squirrels and red squirrels will have severe fights
C.nuts above the ground will not develop into plants
D.seeds can be traps for other animals in the forest
71.According to the passage,which of the following is true?A
A.The black walnut is equally attractive to both gray and red squirrels.
B.Gray squirrels do more harm to the forest than red squirrels.
C.Red squirrels and gray squirrels have helped the spread of walnut trees.
D.The cleaning of forest land benefits red squirrels directly.

分析 文章講述了紅松鼠和灰松鼠的生活習(xí)性,以及它們的不同生活方式給環(huán)境帶來(lái)的影響.

解答 68---71 BDCA
68.答案B.細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)第二段第二句"The scientists wanted to know how these differences could affect the growth of black walnut (黑胡桃) trees."可知,科學(xué)家研究紅松鼠和灰松鼠以查明它們的生活習(xí)慣會(huì)對(duì)黑胡桃的生長(zhǎng)產(chǎn)生什么樣的影響.故選B.
69.答案D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)第三段的"Gray squirrels and red squirrels do not store nuts and seeds in the same way."可知,它們儲(chǔ)藏堅(jiān)果和種子的方法不一樣.故選D.
70.答案C.句意理解題.根據(jù)第三段最后一行"store large groups of nuts above ground"可知,堅(jiān)果埋在一個(gè)坑里的話,不容易成活.故選C.
71.答案A.細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)第二段第二行的"as many walnuts grow when gathered by gray squirrels as compared to red squirrels"可知,紅松鼠和灰松鼠都喜歡黑胡桃,A正確;根據(jù)第四段"their numbers began to decrease as more forests were cut for agriculture"可知,灰松鼠依賴森林,B錯(cuò);C、D未提及.故選A.

點(diǎn)評(píng) 科教類閱讀文應(yīng)對(duì)策略:
1、要想做好科普英語(yǔ)閱讀理解題,同學(xué)們就要注意平時(shí)多讀科普知識(shí)類文章,學(xué)習(xí)科普知識(shí),積累常見(jiàn)的科普詞匯,從根本上提高科普英語(yǔ)的閱讀能力. 
2、要熟悉科普類文章的結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn).科普類文章一般由標(biāo)題(Head line),導(dǎo)語(yǔ)(Introduction),背景(Back ground),主體(Main body)和結(jié)尾(End)五部分構(gòu)成.標(biāo)題是文章中心思想高度而又精辟的概括,但根據(jù)歷年的高考情況來(lái)看,這類閱讀理解材料一般不給標(biāo)題,而要同學(xué)們選擇標(biāo)題.導(dǎo)語(yǔ)一般位于整篇文章的首段.背景交待一個(gè)事實(shí)的起因.主體則對(duì)導(dǎo)語(yǔ)概括的事實(shí)進(jìn)行詳細(xì)敘述,這一部分命題往往最多,因此,閱讀時(shí),同學(xué)們要把這部分作為重點(diǎn).結(jié)尾往往也是中心思想的概括,并與導(dǎo)語(yǔ)相呼應(yīng),命題者常在此要設(shè)計(jì)一道推理判斷題.  
3、在進(jìn)行推理判斷時(shí),同學(xué)們一定要以閱讀材料所提供的科學(xué)事實(shí)為依據(jù),同時(shí)所得出的結(jié)論還應(yīng)符合基本的科普常識(shí).

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科目:高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源: 題型:閱讀理解

17.Ever wonder why sometimes a hug is all you need?You can't explain it,but there's just something comforting about being in your wife's arms after a rough day or giving mom a hug after a long time apart.
A new study says the warm feeling in a hug is more than just skin deep.Researchers from the University of California,Berkeley believe that this loving feeling could have anti-aging benefits.
Oxytocin,sometimes referred to as the"love hormone(荷爾蒙)"or the"trust hormone",is responsible for those indescribable feelings we get when we're bonding with a lover or a loved one.
Levels of the hormone drop as we age,and evidence suggests that could be a contributing factor to the  deterioration of our bodies as we age.Muscle loss in particular is one of the major side effects of aging,with our bodies losing up to 5percent of our muscle mass each decade past our 30s.
In the study,published in the journal Nature Communications,researchers injected oxytocin into older mice with muscle damage.The older mice had lower levels of the hormone than younger mice initially.But after nine days,the older mice that were given the hormone healed better than those who did not.In fact,their ability to repair muscle damage was up to 80percent that of the younger mice.
The results were not only fast-acting,but provide hope for future uses of the hormone in a variety of anti-aging capacities."This is good because it demonstrates that extra oxytocin improves aged tissue stem cells(組織干細(xì)胞)without making muscle stem cells divide uncontrollably,"study co-author Wendy Cousins said in a statement.
Previous uses of anti-aging molecules have also been associated with higher cancer risk,but researchers are hopeful that oxytocin can be useful in humans without this risk.In the future,researchers of Berkeley say oxytocin could be used to fight other age-related health issues by improving bone health and even being used as an alternative to hormone replacement therapy.
Now go out and give someone a hug.

33.According to the passage,oxytocinA.
A.decreases when people get older
B.creates loving feeling on the skin
C.leads to the great loss of muscles
D.can be used in humans without any risk
34.The underlined word"deterioration"in Paragraph 4probably refers to the state ofB.
A.getting fatter
B.becoming worse or less
C.growing stronger
D.dividing uncontrollably
35.What can be learned from the research?D
A.All the older mice healed faster in the research.
B.Older mice healed better than younger ones after 9days.
C.Extra oxytocin in older mice controlled muscle cell division.
D.Mice with oxytocin injection improved the ability to repair muscle damage.
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科目:高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源: 題型:選擇題

18.The time and effort he has devoted during the past few years _____ trees in that village are now considered to be very important.( �。�
A.to plantingB.to plantC.plantD.planting

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科目:高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源: 題型:填空題

15.It was the second time that shehad visited (visit) Paris.

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科目:高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源: 題型:閱讀理解

4.An artist in Oakland,California is using his skills to help the homeless.Greg Kloehn builds very small shelters that make life on the streets more comfortable.The structures offer the homeless some safety and protection from bad weather.Each little house also has wheels on the bottom so it can go wherever its owner goes.
Greg Kloehn has given away at least 20tiny houses to the homeless on the street.On a recent day,Mr.Kloehn stops to visit his homeless friends.One of them is Oscar Young.The two men hug when they see each other.Inside his little shelter Mr.Young gets relief from cold nights on the streets.Mr.Kloehn also visits Sweet-Pea,another friend who also lives in one of the little homes the artist built.She says it keeps her safe and protects her belongings.
In the mornings,Mr.Kloehn searches the streets for building materials.He gathers what he can and takes it to his studio.There,he puts the houses together.Empty coffee bags become roof material.A washing machine door and refrigerator part become windows.Nails,screws and the sticky glue hold all the pieces together.The artist also attaches a small electrical device(裝置) to the house.The device is powered by the sun.
Some of the people living on the streets once had normal houses of their own.But some of the people say they have learned to live with less and they are thankful to that man.
Mr.Kloehn says his work is not a social project.He says he is just someone using his skills to help his homeless neighbors.

55.The passage is likely to be taken fromD.
A.a(chǎn) textbook         B.a(chǎn) book review
C.a(chǎn) science magazine       D.a(chǎn) news report
56.The followings are the advantages of the small shelters EXCEPTC.
A.saving power and energy
B.protecting belongings of the homeless
C.decorating the streets where they are
D.keeping the homeless safe and comfortable
57.We can learn from the passage thatD.
A.the shelters can't be removed
B.the homeless don't like the shelters
C.Greg Kloehn has sold at least 20tiny houses
D.a(chǎn)n act of kindness has made people simple and grateful
58.What's the main idea of the passage?B
A.A successful social project in Oakland.
B.An artist creates homes for the homeless.
C.A more comfortable shelter on the streets.
D.An artist makes a living by designing small shelters.
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科目:高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源: 題型:閱讀理解

14.Western airliner manufacturers seem to be tripping over (絆倒) themselves in their eagerness to sign cooperative agreements with Asian partners as a low-cost route to developing new airliners.Their potential Asian partners seem to be tripping over themselves to sign such agreements,as a low-cost route to acquiring new airliner technology.If they are not careful the two sides will end up tripping over each other the one by selling its birth-right for short-term gain,the other by trying to break into a market which isn't big enough to sustain (忍受) it.
Technology transfer works in a growing market,where the aspirations of the new entrant receiving that technology can be met through expansion.The airliner market is not such a device.
Even the most optimistic projections of airliner sales for the next 20years show that airliner manufacture can only be profitable if a small number of aircraft builders share the available sales.It follows that if new manufacturers come into the market and take sales,their sales must come from substitution,not expansion.
Given the complexity of today's airliners,it is unlikely that any new entrant will have both the financial and technical resources to come into the market without the involvement of an established manufacturer.In the short term,such involvement may not be to the exclusive benefit of the new entrant most of the established manufacturers are searching for ways to reduce costs of manufacture.
In the short term,it can be of benefit to an established Western manufacturer to have either components of complete air-frames made or assembled in lower-wage economics such as China,Taiwan or Korea,while retaining the design,development and marketing of aircraft for itself.It would be a very unwise Western manufacturer which did not notice the fact that these developing economies are acquiring skills (like computing) at least as quickly as they are acquiring skills in metal bashing (猛擊).
The danger comes when the new entrant no longer needs the established Western partner because it has acquired the technical and intellectual ability to design and build its own aircraft.An Asian partner may well find itself in the happy position of having the low-cost labour base,the high-cost technology base and the vital financial base to build a new airliner.

74.The author's attitude towards Western/Eastern cooperation can be described asC.
A.positive   B.progressive   C.conservative   D.negative
75."The airliner market is not such a device"means that the airliner marketD.
A.does not encourage technology transfer
B.is too limited to offer chances of success
C.requires hi-tech rather than unaccepted devices
D.is full of competitions for new entrants
76.According to the author,a wise established manufacturer shouldD.
A.try to benefit from both financial and technical resources
B.break up his partnership with the East once profits are made
C.keep a tight told over hi-tech development and marketing of airliners
D.cooperate with Asian partners for a short time
77.The word"base"in the last paragraph representsA.
A.a(chǎn) place for aircraft production 
B.the operation of aircraft
C.a(chǎn) research institute 
D.a(chǎn) position where to build office.
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科目:高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源: 題型:閱讀理解

1.Who is the most powerful woman in the world?According
to the US media,it's Janet Yellen,or at least she's about to be.
On Oct 9,2013,US President Barack Obama nominated
(提名)Yellen to serve as the next US Federal Reserve (the Fed,美聯(lián)儲(chǔ))chair.If confirmed by the Senate,Yellen will becomethe first woman to serve in the top spot.
Aged 67,silver-haired and tiny,Yellen is said to be themost qualified nominee ever.She chaired President Bill
Clinton's Council of Economic Advisers,taught at Harvard and Berkeley,and was president of the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco.She is currently the Fed's vice chair.
Many think Yellen is the right choice to deal with the challenges the Fed now faces:First,to bring interest rates back to more normal levels without triggering a new recession(衰退).Second,to reduce the US unemployment rate,which remains at historically high levels.
A CNN opinion piece says Yellen is unusual for an economist of her caliber(才干)."She has kept her eyes on what's critical-the people.Her research has centered on unemployment,on the best way to modulate(調(diào)整)government policies to benefit the people."
Past records also show that Yellen is exceptionally good at predicting where the economy is headed.An article in The Washington Post points out that she was one of the few voices at the Fed in December 2009warning about the subprime crisis(次貸危機(jī))and the following recession.
The reason why Yellen will be the most powerful woman in the world has to do with the unique position of the Federal Reserve,explains an article on Quartz,a US news outlet for business people in the new global economy,
First of all,the Fed is independent.Unlike US Secretaries of State Madeleine Albright and Hilary Clinton,the decisions made by the organization Yellen will lead next year are not subject to approval by anyone in the government.
Within the Fed,the chair alone sets the agenda.The Fed chairperson has huge influence on
monetary policy(貨幣政策)and financial regulation.And don't forget how powerful the Fed itself is.It controls the money supply in the world's largest economy.The Fed's interest rate decisions don't just set the course for the US economy,its decisions set the course for the world economy,too.
Because of globalization,Yellen's decisions will affect everyone around the world,says an article in The Atlantic,making her even more powerful than some great women rulers in history,including Elizabeth I of England and China's Wu Zetian.For example,the article continues:"If Yellen even just talks about slowing down the Fed's bond-buying,Europe's troubled economies are likely to see their interest rates rise,and emerging markets,some of which,like India and Indonesia,used foreign capital to fund their current account deficits(赤字),are likely to see their currencies collapse."

59.According to the passage,which of the following is NOT the reason for Yellen's nomination?C
A.Yellen's professional experiences.
B.Yellen's ability to deal with the challenges the Fed faces.
C.Yellen's educational background.
D.Yellen's remarkable competence as an economist.
60.Janet Yelien will be the most powerful woman in the world becauseD•
A.the Fed is the most powerful organization in the US
B.Yellen gets full support from Obama
C.Yellen holds a unique position in the government
D.the Fed possesses great power and influence
61.What is the author's attitude towards Yellen's being nominated?A
A.Optimistic.  B.Negative.  C.Understanding.  D.Doubtful.
62.What is the author's purpose of writing this passage?B
A.To introduce the US Federal Reserve.
B.To report on the next Fed chair.
C.To introduce the current world economy.
D.To report on a few powerful women.
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科目:高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源: 題型:閱讀理解

18.Cancun is a seaside town in Mexico,where most tourists come here to enjoy the beach,water sports and night life.In fact,it is so modern and Americanized that you might think you were in southern California or Florida.
But just a short two-hour hike from the town lie the ruins of the city of Chichen-Itza,one of the capitals of the lost Maya(瑪雅)civilization.The center of the ruins of this city is the pyramid of El Castillo.The ancient Mayan religious people climbed this pyramid during festival to honor the Sun god.Tourists today climb it to view the architectural achievements of Chichen-Itza and to prove their fearlessness of heights and steep (陡峭的)climbs.There is a sign in Spanish,admonishing visitors"It's dangerous to go up."I gladly ignored it and started my climb.
The climbing was tough.The steps were higher than one might normally take.,but the climb was not fearful at all.From the top of the pyramid,I had a wonderful view of the ruins of this Mayan city.What was most striking to me was that just beyond the ruins of splendid structures,gardens,temples and what looks like a modern sports stadium,you could only see forests for miles and miles.It was almost as if some race had mysteriously come out of nowhere,built it up and then suddenly disappeared from the planet,leaving only stones in its space.
The only remains on the top of the pyramid were the Temple of Kukulcan.During the festivals to worship the Sun god,only the high ranks would have the right to enter this temple.
After shooting a few pictures,I realized it was time to go down.Only then did I discover that what people fear about the climb is not the trip going up,but the way going down.I saw a few brave souls who were walking down as if they were in their own house.Looking down at the steepness of the pyramid,I desperately feared this great height.My first desire was to joke with a few people,"Where is the elevator(電梯)?"I figured that a civilization that was this advanced would have had the foresight(預(yù)見(jiàn)) to construct an elevator.Lacking such modern equipment,I had to use the chain provided by the Mexican tourist authorities and climb down on all fours.
My climb was complete eventually.I quickly got on the bus back to my comfortable hotel.Leaving the ruined city,I was still wondering what possibly happened long ago.But a few hours later,I was back in the modern world drinking cocktails on the beach,bathing in the sunshine before boarding the plane and waiting for my trip back home to the US,where all the modern things such as elevators are available!
62.Why did the writer pay a visit to the ruined city of Chichen-Itza?A
A.He wanted to climb the pyramid of EL Castillo and know about the Mayan civilization.
B.He would got to the Temple of Kukulcan to attend a religious festival to honor the Sun god.
C.He thought the city of Chichen-Itza was quite different from the modern town of Cancun.
D.He was attracted by the ruined ancient buildings there and wanted to take some photos.
63.The underlined word"admonishing"in Paragraph 2 probably means"C".
A.urging          B.forcing          C.warning         D.frightening
64.Which of the following best shows climbing the pyramid of EL Castillo is a difficult task?D
A.The steps are very high and it is much more scaring to climb to the top.
B.The climbing calls for courage and patience,and also takes a long time.
C.When tourist climb up to the top,there is no elevator to take them down.
D.The pyramid is high and steep,and climbing down is much more fearful.
65.From the last paragraph,we can infer that the writerB.
A.had a bad impression of the visit and decided to leave as soon as possible.
B.thought modernization could offer people comforts and conveniences.
C.got tired of the modern life and tried a different one in his own way.
D.enjoyed himself in the climb though it was very tiring and dangerous.
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科目:高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源: 題型:閱讀理解

19.The baby monkey is much more developed at birth than the human baby.Almost from the moment it is born,the baby monkey can move around and hold tightly to its mother.During the first few days of its life the baby will approach and hold onto almost any large,warm,and soft object in its environment,particularly if that object also gives it milk.After a week or so,however,the baby monkey begins to avoid newcomers and focuses its attentions on"mother"-the real mother or the mother-substitute.
During the first two weeks of its life warmth is perhaps the most important psychological thing that a monkey mother has to give to its baby.The Harlows,a couple who are both psychologists,discovered this fact by offering baby monkeys a choice of two types of mother-substitutes-one covered with cloth and one made of bare wire.If the two artificial mothers were both the same temperature,the little monkeys always preferred the cloth mother.However,if the wire model was heated,while the cloth model was cool,for the first two weeks after birth the baby monkeys picked the warm wire mother-substitutes as their favorites.Thereafter they switched and spent most of their time on the more comfortable cloth mother.
Why is cloth preferable to bare wire?Something that the Harlows called contact  comfort seems to be the answer,and a most powerful influence it is.Baby monkeys spend much of their time rubbing against their mothers'skins,putting themselves in as close contact with the parent as they can.Whenever the young animal is frightened,disturbed,or annoyed,it typically rushes to its mother and rubs itself against her body.Wire doesn't"rub"as well as does soft cloth.Prolonged (長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的)"contact comfort"with a cloth mother appears to give the babies confidence and is much more rewarding to them than is either warmth or milk.
According to the Harlows,the basic quality of a baby's love for its mother is trust.If the baby is put into an unfamiliar playroom without its mother,the baby ignores the toys no matter how interesting they might be.It screams in terror and curls up into a furry little ball.If its cloth mother is now introduced into the playroom,the baby rushes to it and holds onto it for dear life.After a few minutes of contact comfort,it obviously begins to feel more secure.It then climbs down from the mother-substitute and begins to explore the toys,but often rushes back for a deep embrace as if to make sure that its mother is still there and that all is well.Bit by bit its fears of the new environment are gone and it spends more and more time playing with the toys and less and less time holding onto its"mother."
29.Psychologically,what does the baby monkey desire most during the first two
weeks of its life?A
A.Warmth                  B.Milk                 C.Contact               D.Trust
30.After the first two weeks of their life,baby monkeys prefer the cloth mother to
the wire mother because the former isD.
A.larger in size                                       B.closer to them
C.less frightening and less disturbing     D.more comfortable to rub against
31.It can be inferred that when the baby monkey feels secure,D.
A.it frequently rushes back for a deep embrace when exploring the toys
B.it spends more time screaming to get rewards
C.it is less attracted to the toys though they are interesting
D.it cares less about whether its mother is still around
32.The main purpose of the passage is toB.
A.give the reasons for the experiment
B.present the findings of the experiment
C.introduce the method of the experiment
D.describe the process of the experiment.
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