Question

【題目】Since the 1970s, scientists have been searching for ways to connect the brain with computers. Brain-computer Interface (BCI) technology could help people with disabilities send commands to machines.

Recently, two scientists, Jose Millan and Michele Tavella from the Federal Polytehnic School in Lausanne, Switzerland, showed a small robotic wheelchair directed by a person’s thoughts. In the laboratory, Tavella operated the wheelchair just by thinking about moving his left or right hand. He could even talk as he watched the vehicle and guided it with his thoughts.

“Our brain has billions of body cells(細(xì)胞). These send signals through the spinal cord(脊髓) to the body part to give us the ability to move. But spinal cord injuries or other conditions can prevent these weak electrical signals from reaching the body part.” Tavella says. “Our system allows disabled people to communicate with outer world and also to control machines.”

The scientists designed a special cap for the user. This head cover picks up the signals from the scalp(頭皮) and sends them to a computer. The computer finds meanings of the signals and commands the wheelchair with an engine. The wheelchair also has two cameras that tell objects in its path. They help the computer react to commands from the brain.

Prof. Millan, the team leader, says “Scientists keep improving the computer software that finds meanings of brain signals and turns them into simple commands. The practical possibilities that BCI technology offers to disabled people can be grouped in two kinds: communication, and controlling objects. One example is this wheelchair.

He says his team has set two goals. One is testing with real patients, so as to prove that this is a technology they can get advantages from. And the other is to ensure that they can use the technology over a long period of time.

【1】BCI is a technology that can _______.

A. help to update computer systems B. control a person’s thoughts

C. help the disabled to recover D. connect the human brain with computers

【2】How did Tavella operate the wheelchair in the laboratory?

A. By controlling his muscles. B. By using his mind.

C. By moving his hand. D. By talking to the machine.

【3】Which of the following shows the path of the signals described in Paragraph 4?

A. scalp→cap→computer→wheelchair B. computer→cap→scalp→wheelchair

C. scalp→computer→cap→wheelchair D. cap→computer→scalp→wheelchair

【4】The team will test with real patients to_______.

A. make money from them B. prove the technology useful to them

C. make them live longer D. learn about their physical condition

【5】Which of the following statements is FALSE?

A. Scientists have been looking for ways to link the brain with computers.

B. The wheelchair designed by Millan and Tavella is directed by a person’s thoughts.

C. Spinal cord injuries can prevent these weak electrical signals from reaching the body part.

D. The wheelchair has been put in use and benefited real patients.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】D

【2】B

【3】C

【4】B

【5】D

【解析】

試題這是一篇科教類說明文。人類一直在尋找把大腦和電腦聯(lián)系在一起的方法，BCI可以幫助殘疾人向機(jī)器發(fā)布命令。本文對(duì)這一技術(shù)進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的介紹說明，這種技術(shù)可以讓人用意念來控制自己的行動(dòng)，這對(duì)于那些殘疾人是很都幫助的。

【1】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段的“...scientists have been searching for ways to link the brain with computers．Brain-computer interface（BCI） technology could help people with disabilities send commands to machines.”可知，人類一直在尋找把大腦和電腦聯(lián)系在一起的方法，BCI可以幫助殘疾人向機(jī)器發(fā)布命令。說明BCI是一種可以把人腦和計(jì)算機(jī)連接起來的技術(shù)。故選D。

【2】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段的“...Tavella operated the wheelchair just by thinking about moving his left or right hand．”可知，Tavella通過思考移動(dòng)左右手，來操作輪椅，說明他用他的思想來操作輪椅。故選B。

【3】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第四段的“The scientists designed a special cap for the user. This head cover picks up the signals from the scalp(頭皮) and sends them to a computer. The computer finds meanings of the signals and commands the wheelchair with an engine. ”可知，首先頭皮接受人的思想信號(hào)，接著特殊的帽子從頭皮上獲取信息，再傳到計(jì)算機(jī)上，最終計(jì)算機(jī)操作輪椅前進(jìn)。故選C。

【4】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章倒數(shù)第二段的“The practical possibilities that BCI technology offers to disabled people can be grouped in two kinds...”說明這個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)把這個(gè)技術(shù)運(yùn)用到真正的病人身上是為了證明這個(gè)技術(shù)對(duì)病人有喲用。故選B。

【5】推理判斷題。由最后一段的“One is testing with real patients, so as to prove that this is a technology they can get advantages from.And the other is to ensure that they can use the technology over a long period of time.”可推斷，這項(xiàng)技術(shù)還沒有被投入使用，讓病人受益。故選D。

推理判斷題既要求學(xué)生透過文章表面文字信息推測文章隱含意思，又要求學(xué)生對(duì)作者的態(tài)度、意圖及文章細(xì)節(jié)的發(fā)展作正確的推理判斷，力求從作者的角度去考慮，不要固守自己的看法或觀點(diǎn)。例如小題5，由最后一段的句子“One is testing with real patients, so as to prove that this is a technology they can get advantages from.And the other is to ensure that they can use the technology over a long period of time.”可知，一種是對(duì)真正的病人進(jìn)行測試，以證明這是一種病人可以從中獲得好處的技術(shù)，另一種是確保他們能夠長期使用這一技術(shù)。因此推斷隱含的意思是這項(xiàng)技術(shù)還沒有投入使用，讓病人受益，故選D。