Question

【題目】 A new study shows that air pollution can cause a huge reduction in our intelligence. The study was a project involving researchers at Peking University in China and Yale University in the United States.

The researchers reported that long-term exposure to air pollution can affect a person's mental abilities in two areas: Language and math.

The researchers studied about 25,000 people from across China. Between 2010 and 2014, these Chinese men, women and children were given language and math tests. Then researchers compared the test results with measurements of pollution in the air, namely nitrogen dioxide and sulfur dioxide （二氧化硫）.

Xi Chen of the Yale School of Public Health led the study. He and his team found that breathing polluted air can reduce a person's education level by about one year.

Chen said that the effect generally is worse for those over 64 years of age, for men and for those with little or no education.

“The older persons—they are more affected. And we find, quite amazingly, males are more affected than females. And people working outdoors are more affected than people working indoors.

He noted that the youngest people in the study were 10 years old, while the oldest was 90 years old. They came from China's 33 provinces. In his words, the data and facts are convincing and this range of ages and locations across the country provided a real, objective and representative sample.

The researchers noted that the effect of air pollution on verbal ability is even more serious as people age, especially among men and the less educated. The researchers also stressed that every country, whether developed, developing or poor, should focus on air pollution or humans will face a bad situation.

【1】What is the result of the study?

A.Air pollution has a bad effect on people's intelligence.

B.Females are more affected by air pollution than males.

C.Americans are more affected by air pollution than Chinese.

D.People working indoors are actually not affected by air pollution.

【2】What did Chen say about the study?

A.It is doubtful.

B.It is extremely unfair.

C.It is common and not representative.

D.It is relatively objective and persuasive.

【3】What did the researchers emphasize in the last paragraph?

A.The data from the 33 provinces is convincing.

B.The whole world should pay attention to air pollution.

C.The less educated take more responsibility for air pollution.

D.Air pollution's influence on verbal ability is less serious as people age.

【4】Where is the text most likely taken from?

A.A life diary.B.A guidebook.

C.A science magazine.D.A biography.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】A

【2】D

【3】B

【4】C

【解析】

本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。一項(xiàng)新的研究表明，長(zhǎng)期暴露在空氣污染中會(huì)在語(yǔ)言和數(shù)學(xué)兩個(gè)方面影響一個(gè)人的智力，因此每個(gè)國(guó)家都應(yīng)關(guān)注空氣污染否則人類將面臨一個(gè)糟糕的局面。

【1】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“The researchers reported that long-term exposure to air pollution can affect a person's mental abilities in two areas: Language and math.”可知，研究人員報(bào)告說(shuō)，長(zhǎng)期暴露在空氣污染中會(huì)在兩個(gè)方面影響一個(gè)人的智力：語(yǔ)言和數(shù)學(xué)。即研究結(jié)果是空氣污染會(huì)對(duì)人們的智力產(chǎn)生不良影響。故選A。

【2】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“In his words, the data and facts are convincing and this range of ages and locations across the country provided a real, objective and representative sample.”可知，用Xi Chen的話說(shuō)，調(diào)查得到的數(shù)據(jù)和事實(shí)令人信服，全國(guó)各地的不同年齡和不同地方的人提供了真實(shí)，客觀和有代表性的研究樣本。即Xi Chen對(duì)這項(xiàng)研究說(shuō)的是“研究結(jié)果是相對(duì)客觀和有說(shuō)服力的。”故選D。

【3】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“The researchers noted that the effect of air pollution on verbal ability is even more serious as people age, especially among men and the less educated. The researchers also stressed that every country, whether developed, developing or poor, should focus on air pollution or humans will face a bad situation.”可知，研究人員指出，隨著人們年齡的增長(zhǎng)，空氣污染對(duì)言語(yǔ)能力的影響更加嚴(yán)重，尤其是在男性和文化程度較低的人群中。研究人員還強(qiáng)調(diào)，每個(gè)國(guó)家，無(wú)論是發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家，發(fā)展中國(guó)家還是貧窮國(guó)家，都應(yīng)關(guān)注空氣污染否則人類將面臨一個(gè)糟糕的局面。因此在最后一段中研究人員強(qiáng)調(diào)了全世界應(yīng)該注意空氣污染。故選B。

【4】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“A new study shows that air pollution can cause a huge reduction in our intelligence. The study was a project involving researchers at Peking University in China and Yale University in the United States.”可知，本文的話題是研究表明空氣污染會(huì)大大降低人們的智力。該研究是一個(gè)由中國(guó)北京大學(xué)和美國(guó)耶魯大學(xué)的研究人員參與的項(xiàng)目。因此可以推斷出文章可能來(lái)自于科學(xué)雜志。A. A life diary一本生活日記； B. A guidebook一本指南；C. A science magazine一本科學(xué)雜志；D. A biography一部傳記。故選C。