【題目】We ______the difficulty together, but why didn’t you call me?

A. should face B. might face

C. must have faced D. might have faced

【答案】D

【解析】

試題分析:考查情態(tài)動詞用法.根據(jù)why didn’t you call me?中的過去時可知本書是對過去情況進行虛擬,故D正確.must have done一定做了某事;might have done本可以做,實際上卻未做;結(jié)合句意可知D正確.我們本可以一起面對困難,但是為什么你不給我打電話?

【知識歸納】

情態(tài)動詞+have+done現(xiàn)將其用法總結(jié)歸納如下:

一、 “must+have+done”表示對過去事情的肯定推測,譯成“一定做過某事”,該結(jié)構(gòu)只用于肯定句。

It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet. 昨晚一定下雨了,因為地面還是濕的。

二、 “can't+have+done”表示對過去事情的否定推測,譯成“不可能做過某事”。

Mr. Smith can't have gone to Beijing, for I saw him in the library just now. 史密斯先生不可能去北京了,我剛才還在圖書館見過他。

三、 “can+have+done”表示對過去行為的懷疑,用于疑問句,譯成“可能做過……嗎?”。

There is no light in the room. Can they have gone out? 屋里沒有燈,他們可能出去了嗎?

四、 “could+have+done”是虛擬語氣,表示對過去事情的假設(shè),意思是本來能夠做某事而沒有做。

He could have passed the exam, but he was too careless. 本來他能夠通過考試,但是他太粗心。

五、 “may+have+done”表示對發(fā)生過的事情的推測,意思是“可能已經(jīng)”或“也許已經(jīng)”,用于肯定句中。

—What has happened to George?—I don't know. He may have got lost.

—喬治發(fā)生了什么事?——我不知道,他可能迷路了。

六、 “might+have+done”表示對過去事情的推測,might與may意思相同,但可能性更小。多用于虛擬語氣結(jié)構(gòu)中。

He might have given you more help, even though he was busy. (MET90) 他或許會多給你一些幫助,即使他很忙。

七、 “would+have+done”虛擬語氣,表示對過去事情的假設(shè),意思是“本來會做”。

I would have told you all about the boy's story, but you didn't ask me. 我本來會告訴你這個小男孩的故事,但是你沒有問我。

八、 “should+have+done”意思是“本來應(yīng)該做某事,而實際沒做! “shouldn't+have+done”表示本來不應(yīng)該做某事,而實際做了。含有指責(zé)對方或自責(zé)的含意。

Look, Tom is crying. I shouldn't have been so harsh on him. 看,湯姆哭了,我本來不應(yīng)該對他如此嚴(yán)厲。

九、 “ought to+have+done”表示過去應(yīng)該做而實際并沒有做,譯成“理應(yīng)做……”,往往表示遺憾。與“should+have+done”用法基本一樣。

I ought to have gone home last Sunday. 我理應(yīng)上星期日回家。

十、 “need+have+done”表示本來需要做某事而沒有做!皀eedn't+have+done”則表示“本來不需要做某事而做了”。

I needn't have bought so much wine—only five people came. 我本來沒有必要買這么多酒,只來了五個人。

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