Question

【題目】 Maybe you pop vitamins supporting brainpower, or stock upon these foods that boost brain health. But new guidelines from the American Academy of Neurology suggest there's something better you can do to keep your mind sharp.

A quarter of adults aged 80 to 84 experience mild cognitive (認知的) impairment, according to AAN. To address the widespread problem, a group of neurologists and Alzheimer's (阿爾茲海默氏癥的) specialists went through existing studies to define the best ways to prevent and treat cognitive decline-and you might be surprised by what they included and what they didn't.

Surprisingly, the AAN guidelines don't include any medication (藥物) or dietary recommendations. The authors stress that there haven't been any high-quality, long-term studies finding foods or medication can help cognitive decline. The guidelines also say doctors can consider suggesting cognitive training to patients with memory loss but not to rely on it. So far, the report's authors say the evidence is too inconclusive to say for sure if brain exercises, like memory and attention training or problem solving for everyday issues associated with memory loss, are beneficial. Still, these morning brain exercises can't do any harm.

But there was one big discovery from the new guidelines: Exercising just twice a week could improve cognitive decline. One study showed adults with mild cognitive impairment who did resistance training twice a week scored better on executive function and associative (聯(lián)想的) memory tests than a group that worked on balancing, stretching, and relaxing.

What's more, another study had older adults attend either biweekly health classes or sessions of aerobics, strength training, balance exercises, and multitasking training. Six months later, the ones who'd exercised regularly scored better on cognitive health and memory tests, plus had less brain shrinkage.

AAN now recommends doctors tell patients with memory loss to exercise twice a week to keep their minds sharp. This is the best time to exercise if you want to improve your memory. It looks like you've got just one more reason to clear time in your schedule for a workout — even if it's only on the weekends.

【1】What does the underlined word 'impairment' in paragraph 2 refer to?

A.Error.B.Decline.C.Development.D.Presence.

【2】AAN may be uncertain about .

A.strength trainingB.resistance training

C.exercises twice a weekD.brain exercise

【3】Which of the following may the author agree with?

A.Daily exercises are beneficial to Alzheimer.

B.The AAN guidelines attach importance to workout.

C.Medication is of significance in the AAN guidelines.

D.Stocking up on vitamins supporting brainpower means nothing.

【4】In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?

A.Exercise.B.Entertainment.C.ScienceD.Health

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】B

【2】D

【3】B

【4】D

【解析】

這是一篇說明文。本文講了如何來避免或減輕老年人的阿爾茲海默癥，最好的治療方法不是藥物，而是一周兩次鍛煉。

【1】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第二段的A quarter of adults aged80to84 experience mild cognitive (認知的) impairment, according to AAN. To address the widespread problem, a group of neurologists and Alzheimer's (阿爾茲海默氏癥的) specialists went through existing studies to define the best ways to prevent and treat cognitive decline可知，據(jù)AAN說，有四分之一的80至84歲的成年人，都經(jīng)歷輕微的認知impairment。為了解決這個普遍問題，一群神經(jīng)病學(xué)家和阿爾茲海默病專家通過現(xiàn)有的研究去定義預(yù)防和治療認知下降的最好方法。通過句意，尤其根據(jù)decline一詞，可推測劃線部分的意思是“減弱/下降”。B. Decline.(下降)符合以上說法，故選B項。

【2】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的So far, the report’s authors say the evidence is too inconclusive to say for sure if brain exercises, like memory and attention training or problem-solving for every issues associated with memory loss, are beneficial.(到目前為止，報告的作者們說，這些證據(jù)還沒有定論，無法確定大腦鍛煉是否有益，比如記憶和注意力訓(xùn)練或解決與記憶喪失相關(guān)的每一個問題)可知，AAN對腦力的鍛煉結(jié)果不太確定。D. brain exercise(大腦鍛煉)符合以上說法，故選D項。

【3】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段的But there was one big discovery from the new guidelines: Exercising just twice a week could improve cognitive decline(但是新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)：每周鍛煉兩次可以改善認知能力的下降)和最后一段的AAN now recommends doctors tell patients with memory loss to exercise twice a week to keep their mind sharp. This is the best time to exercise if you want to improve your memory.(AAN現(xiàn)在建議醫(yī)生告訴失憶患者每周鍛煉兩次，以保持頭腦清醒。如果你想提高記憶力，這是最好的鍛煉時間)可知，AAN認為每周兩次鍛煉對提高記憶力很有幫助。作者引用了這些說法，故推測他會同意以上的觀點。B. The AAN guidelines attach importance to workout.(AAN指南重視鍛煉)符合以上說法，故選B項。

【4】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章的主要內(nèi)容，尤其第四段的But there was one big discovery from the new guidelines: Exercising just twice a week could improve cognitive decline. (但是新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)：每周鍛煉兩次可以改善認知能力的下降)可知，本文主要是講了通過鍛煉來避免或減輕老年人的阿爾茲海默癥。由此推測，本文很有可能出現(xiàn)在報紙的健康版塊。D. Health(健康)符合以上推斷，故選D項。