Question

【題目】Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

How to be a demanding reader

The rules for reading yourself to sleep are easier to follow than are the rules for staying awake while reading. Get into bed in a comfortable position, make sure the light is 【1】 enough to cause slight eyestrain, choose a book that is either terribly difficult or terribly boring-in any event, one that you do not really care whether you read or not-and you will be asleep in a few minutes. Those who are experts in relaxing with a book do not have to wait for 【2】. A comfortable chair in the library will do any time.

Unfortunately, the rules for keeping awake do not consist in doing just the 【3】. It is possible to keep awake while reading in a comfortable chair or even in bed, and people have been known to 【4】 their eyes by reading late in light too dim. What kept the famous 【5】readers awake? One thing certainly—it made a difference to them, a great difference, whether or not they read the book they had in hand.

Whether you manage to keep awake or not depends in large part on your goal in reading. If your aim in reading is to profit from it—to 【6】 somehow in mind or spirit—you have to keep awake. That means reading as actively as possible. It means making an effort—an effort for which you expect to be 【7】.

Good books, fiction or nonfiction, deserve such reading. To use a good book as a helper to fall asleep is pure waste. To fall asleep or, what is the same, to let your mind wander during the hours you planned to devote to reading for profit—that is, 【8】 for understanding—is clearly to defeat your own 【9】.

But the sad fact is that many people who can distinguish between profit and pleasure—between understanding, on the one hand, and entertainment or the mere satisfaction of curiosity, on the other hand—nevertheless 【10】 to carry out their reading plans. They can’t make it even if they know which books give which. The reason is that they do not know how to be demanding readers, how to keep their mind on what they are doing by making it do the work without which no profit can be earned.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】D

【2】A

【3】C

【4】F

【5】J

【6】B

【7】G

【8】I

【9】H

【10】E

【解析】

本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了如何成為一個(gè)高要求的讀者的幾點(diǎn)建議。

【1】考查形容詞。句意：確保光線不足會(huì)引起輕微的眼睛疲勞。作表語(yǔ)形容詞，通過(guò)后文的eyestrain（眼部疲勞）可以推斷出光線不足導(dǎo)致眼睛疲勞，因此選擇D.inadequate。

【2】考查名詞。句意：那些擅長(zhǎng)讀書放松的人不必等到夜幕降臨就能睡著。作動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)wait for的賓語(yǔ)用名詞，根據(jù)空后的“A comfortable chair in the library will do any time.”可以判斷出：擅長(zhǎng)讀書放松的人不必等到夜幕降臨就能睡著，他們可以坐在圖書館的椅子上隨時(shí)入睡，因此選擇A.nightfall。

【3】考查形容詞。句意：不幸的是，保持清醒的規(guī)則不在于只做相反的事。句首unfortunately一詞是關(guān)鍵，起到了轉(zhuǎn)折的作用，可判斷出保持醒著的狀態(tài)也并不是做與上面相反的事就行了，且空格前面有the，因此選擇C.opposite。

【4】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：人們已經(jīng)知道，在光線太暗的情況下閱讀到很晚會(huì)使眼睛疲勞。從空前的to判斷使用動(dòng)詞原形，且空格后面的意思是在昏暗的燈光下看書，由此推理出會(huì)讓眼睛疲勞，因此選F.exhaust。

【5】考查名詞。句意：是什么讓著名的燭光讀者保持清醒？前面一句提到了在昏暗的燈光下看書，后文繼續(xù)上面的話題，“是什么讓那些為人所知的……的讀者保持清醒的？”只有candlelight（燭光）才能跟上一句的light too dim相呼應(yīng)，此處用名詞作定語(yǔ)，因此選J.candlelight。

【6】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：如果你讀書的目的是為了從中受益，以某種方式在思想或精神上發(fā)光，你必須保持清醒。根據(jù)前文所說(shuō)的“profit from it”，即“從閱讀中獲得益處”，且橫線后面是to, 由此判斷為動(dòng)詞原形，推斷出以某種方式在思想或精神上發(fā)光（閃耀），因此選B.shine。

【7】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：這意味著努力，你希望得到回報(bào)的努力。前文為“making an effort”, 并且由“an effort for which you expect to be”推斷出此處缺少表示“回報(bào)”的詞，因此選G.repaid。

【8】考查副詞。句意：在你計(jì)劃用來(lái)閱讀的時(shí)間里，心不在焉地開小差是達(dá)不到從中獲益的目的的。前面的“that is”指代的是前文的“devote to reading for profit”,且空格后面的“for understanding”與前文并列，此處應(yīng)該缺少副詞修飾動(dòng)詞devote，表示“主要是為了理解”，因此選I.primarily。

【9】考查固定短語(yǔ) 。句意同上， to defeat one’s own ends表示 “某人達(dá)不到目的”，并且前文提到“l(fā)et your mind wander during the hours you planned... ”，意為讓自己在計(jì)劃讀書的幾個(gè)小時(shí)里心不在焉地開小差是達(dá)不到從中獲益的目的的，因此選H.ends.

【10】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：另一方面，他們卻沒有執(zhí)行閱讀計(jì)劃。通過(guò)上一段的內(nèi)容以及后文所說(shuō)“can’t make it”,可以判斷此處是fail to - 沒能夠……，因此選E.fail。