Picture this situation. It is late afternoon and you are    36   . You have an important dinner engagement that evening so you    37    to take an hour nap. Instead of setting your alarm you ask a friend who is visiting to wake you in an hour. He   38    .

Two hours later, your friend wakes you. You ask, “Why didn’t you wake me after one hour?” He    39    that he thought you asked him to wake you in two hours and that is what he said. You then have to run around and get ready    40  , muttering to yourself about how you    41   have set the alarm rather than asking your friend to wake you. Had you done that, you would not have been so    42    to get ready.

Your conclusion is correct. Your    43   of what happened looked at the system you used. Your friend’s   44   to wake you resulted from a miscommunication.   45   he didn’t hear you correctly or you misspoke.

    46   at the situation from the point of view of being personally responsible is always better than blaming yourself or another. So how do you best be “responsible” in this situation? The answer is   47   in systems thinking.

Dr. W. Edward Deming is the American statistician who is credited with   48   the quality practices to Japan.   49   his arrival in that country in 1950, the label “made in Japan” was synonymous with inferior(劣等的) quality. Now the same “made in Japan” label is synonymous(等同) with   50   quality.

So what did Dr. Deming teach the Japanese that made such a  51   to the quality of their products? The answer is quite simple, yet profound.   52   on years of statistical analysis, Deming was able to validate(證明) that 94 % of all failures are not because people don’t want to do a good job. The fact is that   53   people want to do a good job.

What, then, is the   54   if it’s not the people?

It’s the system. The system failed in 94% of the    55   , not the people.

36. A. relaxed           B. puzzled             C. concerned           D. tired

37. A. try               B. decide              C. promise             D. expect

38. A. agrees        B. admits                C. accepts             D. adopts

39. A. wonders         B. doubts              C. replies              D. requests

40. A. carelessly          B. quickly             C. angrily             D. suddenly

41. A. should           B. could               C. might              D. would

42. A. slow            B. rushed               C. uncertain            D. satisfied

43. A. understanding B. presentation        C. description           D. analysis

44. A. forgetfulness B. unwillingness       C. failure              D. fault

45. A. Either        B. Neither               C. Both                 D. Whether

46. A. Glaring         B. Staring             C. Glancing            D. Looking

47. A. left               B. found              C. received            D. completed

48. A. bringing         B. turning             C. fetching             D. leading

49. A. Until           B. After               C. Before              D. Since

50. A. different     B. poor             C. best                D. high

51. A. difference    B. destruction       C. decoration        D. distinction

52. A. Based        B. Relied                 C. Focused             D. Counted

53. A. few             B. fewer              C. more               D. most

54. A. reason       B. cause                  C. effect               D. result

55. A. incidents     B. accidents               C. cases                D. actions

Azure Warrenfeltz, a 4-year-old girl, is fluent in Japanese and Spanish. She also can   21   bits of French, German, Arabic and Italian, and she soon hopes to learn some Mandarin Chinese.

In today's globalized world, Azure is one of many young American children whose parents insist her   22   include foreign languages.

"It's such a   23   environment now, you never know what you might need," says Azure's mother, Julie Warrenfeltz, who started schooling her daughter in foreign languages when she was 6 weeks old. "She couldn't   24   a violin, she couldn't stand upright, but I wanted her to do   25  ." 

Not only is learning a foreign language easier for children than it is for   26  , but children who are exposed to other languages also do better in school. They are more   27   to diversity, says François Thibaut, who runs The Language Workshop for Children, which has nine schools around the East Coast.

Language study for children is based on immersion (沉浸), he says. Kids sing songs and play games to help develop language comprehension skills. When children start learning languages at birth, they have the   28   to learn many languages at once without getting   29   — because, as the brain develops, so too does the ability to separate one   30   from another.

21. A. learn                   B. hear             C. understand                 D. teach

22. A. school                 B. field            C. teacher                    D. education

23. A. global                  B. big              C. small                       D. dirty

24. A. play                    B. hold            C. learn                      D. make

25. A. something              B. anything       C. everything                         D. nothing

26. A. parents                 B. teachers        C. adults                             D. experts

27. A. blind                  B. open          C. deaf                              D. strange

28. A. capacity                B. desire          C. possibility                         D. dream

29. A. bored                  B. interested       C. involved                    D. confused

30. A. world                  B. parent          C. language                          D. sound

The habit of reading is one of the greatest resources of mankind: we enjoy reading books that belong to us much more than if they are borrowed.  Some people regard a borrowed book as a ___50___ in the house.  It must be treated with care and considerate ___51___. Casual attitudes are forbidden.  Because the book is borrowed it tolerates no damage which means it must not suffer while ___52___.  While reading the book, you are not allowed to make any mark or underline the important ___53___ when a flash of creative idea emerge.  This is huge ___54___ to one’s imagination. 

___55___, your own books belong to you and you can treat them with so much closeness that you are not afraid to mark it up or to place it in a dirty place. Your own books are there for use, not for ___56___.  You don’t need to display them in front of others.  Private ownership also encourages ___57___ marking.  A good reason for marking instructive passages in books is that this practice enables you to remember more easily the significant sayings, to ___58___ them quickly and then review them more frequently in the future.

Given the importance of owned books to a man, everyone should begin collecting a private library, making up his own ___59___ property.  One should have his own bookshelves, which should not be having doors, glass windows, or keys.  They should be free and ___60___ to the hand as well as the eye.  Like the jewellery to a woman, the best moral ___61____ to a man is books.  They are more varied in colour and appearance than any wall-paper.  Their variety indicates ___62___ out of brains of different book writers.  The knowledge that books are in plain view is also stimulating.  Your body and mind are both ___63___.  With books at hand, your mind is free to land any ___64___ or even strange possibility, which eventually gives birth to new discoveries or inventions. 

50.   A. teacher       B. guest   C. relative      D. servant

51.   A. maintenance     B. resolution   C. formality    D. structure

52.   A. under your roof        B. on your behalf

       C. beyond your reach     D. within your grasp

53.   A. trends B. goals   C. definitions  D. points

54.   A. discipline   B. discouragement  C. relief  D. reminder

55.   A. On the other hand     B. In result

       C. Meanwhile        D. Furthermore

56.   A. benefit       B. profit  C. show   D. excuse

57.   A. meaningful B. secondary   C. sufficient    D. tough

58.   A. stick to      B. refer to      C. devote to    D. adapt to

59. A. imaginative  B. economic   C. intellectual        D. public

60.   A. familiar     B. effective     C. flexible      D. accessible

61. A. decoration    B. truth   C. training      D. expense

62.   A. simplicity   B. creativity    C. experiment D. life

63. A. conscious     B. calm   C. wild    D. excited

64.   A. purposeful  B. resourceful C. fresh   D. memorable

We should show respect to everybody, especially our elders because they are ahead of us — in age, in wisdom and maturity, in experience and education. Our  31  have done a lot for us, directly or indirectly and most of us  32  everything to their kindness and love.

When we  33  them respect, whether it is by bowing to them, or  34  them with a smile, or offering them any help they need, it is one way of  35  our own love and gratitude to them.  36 , elders have also been through all the years you are  37  and know a little more about the world than you do.
    It is  38  that you do not agree with the belief of your elders, but this is nothing new. All younger generations have always  39  with their elders and it is these differences that bring changes in human  40 . However much you disagree with them, give them credit for their  41 .
   With changing times and  42  influences, youngsters no longer know what is interpreted as disrespect to elders. Youngsters should  43  express their views and if there are arguments, they should not  44  their voices.

If there is no space on sofas or chairs, children will immediately  45  their places, and sit on the carpet. In buses and trains, youngsters are  46  to give up their places to older people. This is not a  47  of who has more rights. It is simply that those who are younger have the strength to bear  48 , or tolerate unpleasantness, so it is natural to show consideration to those who are older and perhaps at a  49  disadvantage.

When you do simple things as a mark of respect, elders become  50  that youngsters care for them, and they respond with affection and kindness.

31. A. youngsters                B. elders                  

C. parents               D. juniors

32. A. devote                     B. owe                  

C. pay               D. contribute

33. A. show                        B. explain                

C. exhibit                   D. point

34. A. greeting                    B. receiving         

C. declaring              D. showing

35. A. expressing              B. describing      

C. sending              D. suggesting

36. A. However               B. Therefore       

C. Besides                 D. Though

37. A. experiencing with     B. going through        

C. suffering from      D. worrying out

38. A. maybe                     B. likely             

C. possibly                  D. probably

39. A. quarreled                 B. dealt        

C. lived                       D. disagreed

40. A. community              B. organization      

C. society              D. public

41. A. experience                B. reality                 

C. emotion               D. information

42. A. cultural                    B. special                 

C. environmental         D. position

43. A. quietly                   B. slightly                   

C. silently                   D. coldly

44. A. rise                           B. raise                      

C. support                   D. force

45. A. give away               B. get rid of              

C. give up                    D. send out

46. A. expected                B. forced                    

C. needed                  D. reminded

47. A. doubt                        B. question                 

C. wonder                     D. challenge

48. A. suffering                   B. upset                    

C. trouble                    D. discomfort

49. A. serious                      B. light                 

C. heavy                        D. slight

50. A. aware                         B. alive                       

C. knowing                    D. sensible

The requirements for high school graduation have just changed in my community. As a result, all students must   36   sixty hours of service learning,   37   they will not receive a diploma（文憑）.    38    of service learning include cleaning up a polluted river, working in a soup kitchen, or tutoring a student. During a service experience, students must keep a journal and then write a   39   about what they have learned.

Supporters state that there are many   40  of service learning. Perhaps most importantly, students are forced to think   41 their own interests and become aware of the needs of others. Students are also able to learn real-life skills that   42  responsibility, problem-solving, and working as part of a team. Finally, students can explore possible careers 43   service learning.

For example, if a student wonders what teaching is like, he or she can choose to work in a primary school classroom a few afternoons each month.  44   there are many benefits, opponents （反對(duì)者） point out problems with the new requirement. First, they   45  that ,because service learning is time-consuming, students spend   46   time studying the core subjects. Second, they believe that forcing students to work without   47   goes against the law.

In my view, service learning is a great way to   48   to the community, learn new skills, and explore different careers.  49   , I don' t believe you should force people to help others – the  50   to help must come from the heart. I think the best solution is one that gives students choices. Choice encourages both freedom and responsibility.

36. A. spend             B. gain              C .complete         D. save

37. A. and              B. or                 C. but             D. for

38. A. Subjects          B. Ideas              C. Procedures       D. Examples

39. A. diary             B. report            C . note             D. notice

40. A. courses           B. benefits           C . challenges        D. features

41. A. beyond           B. about             C. over             D. in

42. A. possess           B. apply             C. include           D. develop

43. A. through           B. across            C. of               D. on

44. A. So               B. Thus             C . Since            D. While

45. A. argue             B. doubt            C . overlook          D. admit

46. A. much             B. full              C . less              D. more

47. A. cost              B. pay              C. care              D. praise

48. A. contribute          B. lead             C. attend            D. belong

49. A. Therefore          B. Besides           C. but              D. However

50. A. courage           B. desire             C. emotion          D. spirit

Two runners stand side by side at the starting line of a race. Both look very strong and fast. 41  one runner speeds ahead and wins the race. The other falls behind.

Some athletes can reach great  42  such as the achievement of an Olympic gold medal. Others never live up to their  43 . What kind of  44  before a race or another event makes the  45 ?

Everyone knows that athletes work out to strengthen their  46 . But research shows that strengthening the mind may be just as  47 . Careful study indicates that the best athletes win  48  because they think they can win.

Thinking positive thoughts seems to give possibility for  49  in sports. People who say “I know I can do this” to themselves over and over often find they have the  50  to win. On the other hand, people who think “I can’t win” often  51 ,

One procedure that helps many athletes is creating  52  in the mind. They are told to think of each  53  they must make to win. Some use pictures that are more fanciful (富于幻想的). One skater liked to  54  a star bursting inside her,  55  her with energy. Another athlete who wanted to feel  56  pictured himself as a  57  floating in the air.

Next time you want to do something well, try training your  58  to help you. Perhaps a teacher or another instructor can help you plan your training. If you imagine yourself doing better, you may soon see  59  in what you  60  can do. Positive thinking and pictures created in your mind can help you win!

41. A. Therefore            B. And                        C. But                          D. While

42. A. places                 B. prizes                       C. medals                            D. goals

43. A. place                  B. promise                    C. name                       D. prize

44. A. preparation         B. picture                            C. plan                         D. work

45. A. same                  B. difference                 C. most                        D. best

46. A. minds                 B. thoughts                   C. bodies                      D. legs

47. A. important            B. interesting                C. possible                    D. correct

48. A. mostly                B. almost                      C. partly                       D. nearly

49. A. success               B. goals                        C. win                          D. failure

50. A. disadvantage              B. advantage                 C. luck                         D. hope

51. A. fail                     B. succeed                    C. win                          D. pass

52. A. ideas                  B. pictures                    C. thoughts                   D. movements

53. A. move                  B. drive                        C. jump                        D. place

54. A. think                  B. imagine                    C. hope                        D. wish

55. A. giving                B. helping                    C. filling                      D. supporting

56. A. calm                   B. excited                     C. encouraged               D. happy

57. A. fish                    B. bird                         C. cat                           D. horse

58. A. body                  B. mind                        C. thought                    D. imagination

59. A. improvement       B. advantage                 C. chance                            D. winning

60. A. usually               B. really                       C. possibly                   D. mostly

My parents made me know the ideas of family, faith and patriotism (愛國(guó)主義) when I was young.  26  we lived a hard life, they  27 great importance to making us realize how  28  we were to live in a great country with  29   chances.

I got my first real  30  when I was ten. My dad injured his back working in a factory and had to be  31  so that he could take up a new job as a hairstylist. When he hadn’t got enough money to rent a shop, the owner of the shopping center gave Dad a(n)  32  . But he should clean the parking lot (停車場(chǎng)) three nights a week, which meant getting up at 3 a.m. To pick up waste, Dad used a little  33  that looked like a lawn mower (割草機(jī)). Mom and I emptied garbage cans and  34  waste by hand. It took two to three hours to clean the lot. I’d  35    in the car on the way home because of tiredness.

I did this for two years, but the  36  I learned have lasted a lifetime. I   37   discipline (紀(jì)律) and a strong work ethic (道德準(zhǔn)則), and learned at a(n)  38  age the importance of  39   interests in life -– school, homework and a job. This really __40  during my senior year of high school, when I worked 40 hours a week at a fast-food restaurant while taking school  41   and preparing for my college examination.

The hard work was   42 . As a result, I attended the U.S. Military Academy and went on to receive graduate degrees in  43  and business from Harvard. __44   , I joined a big Los Angeles law firm and was elected to the California State Assembly (會(huì)議). In these jobs and in everything else I’ve done, I have never forgotten those  45  in the parking lot.

26. A. Now that                         B. As if                                      C. Even                               D. Even though

27. A. attached                   B. announced                       C. suggested                 D. admitted

28. A. important                         B. surprising                      C. fortunate                  D. satisfying

29. A. several                             B. limitless                        C. few                          D. energetic

30. A. incident                           B. dream                         C. success                           D. job

31. A. retrained                          B. regarded                       C. considered                D. respected

32. A. increase                            B. order                          C. discount                   D. explanation

33. A. bag                                 B. machine                        C. knife                        D. stick

34. A. brought up                       B. turned up                       C. made up                   D. picked up

35. A. sleep                          B. talk                                   C. study                              D. sing

36. A. knowledge                       B. information                     C. lessons                     D. skills

37. A. required                          B. acquired                      C. remind                 D. forgot

38. A. common                          B. legal                                  C. old                                 D. early

39. A. balancing                         B. expressing                          C. supporting                D. increasing

40. A. turned                              B. changed                              C. helped                      D. improved

41. A. measures                    B. courses                        C. messages                  D. tours

42. A. encouraging                      B. disappointing                       C. discouraging                  D. rewarding

43. A. law                                 B. medicine                     C. science                           D. arts

44. A. However                          B. Indeed                            C. Later                              D. Before

45. A. people                             B. nights                         C. cars                                D. opportunities

Learning is natural. It begins the minute we are born. Our  36   teachers are our families. __37    home we learn to speak and to  38  and feed ourselves. We learn these and other skills by  39__ our parents.

Then we go to school. A teacher tells us  40   to learn. Many teachers teach us, and we pass many  41  .Then people say we are  42 .

Are we really educated? Let’s think about the real meaning of  43  . Knowing facts does not mean being able to solve problems. Solving problems  44   creativity, not just a good  45  . Some people who don’t know many facts are good at solving problems.

Henry Ford is a good  46  . He went to school at the age of 15. Later, when his company could not build cars  47  , he solved the problem. He thought of the assembly line (裝配線). Today the answer seems  48  . Yet think of the many university graduates who have   49  solved such a problem.

What does a good teacher do? Does he give students facts to 50  ? NO! A good teacher shows how to find answers. He shows us to the  51   of knowledge so we can learn to think for ourselves. When we are  52  , we know where to go.

True learning combines（聯(lián)系） intake with output. We take information  53   our brains. Then we use it. Think of a computer, it stores a lot of  54   but it can’t think. It only  55    commands. A person who only remembers facts hasn’t really learned. Learning takes place only when a person can use what he knows.

36. A. first                B. good                C. normal             D. second

37. A. On                 B. To                  C. At                    D. With

38. A. dress               B. wear                C. put on              D. have on

39. A. asking                B. exercise            C. listening           D. following

40. A. who                   B. that                  C. when                D. what

41. A. stations             B. exams              C. people              D. pencils

42. A. educated           B. students            C. suffered            D. controlled

43. A. absorbing            B. taking              C. learning            D. growing

44. A. is                       B. requires            C. brings              D. gets

45. A. memory          B. word                 C. thing             D. condition

46. A. teacher            B. learner             C. example           D. driver

47. A. enough quickly    B. fast enough       C. enough fast        D. enough rapidly

48. A. simple                B. ordinary           C. good                D. special

49. A. never                  B. seldom             C. almost              D. ever

50. A. need               B. follow              C. learn                D. remember

51. A. plenty                 B. pile                  C. much                      D. stream(溪流)

52. A. hungry            B. thirsty              C. cold                 D. sleeping

53. A. into                B. for                   C. of                    D. about

54. A. words                 B. languages          C. fact               D. information

55. A. obeys                 B. gives                 C. passes               D. gets

We are warned by our teachers not to waste time because time  21  will never return. I think it quite  22  . What does time look  23  ? Nobody knows, and we can’t see it or touch it and no  24  of money can buy it. Time is abstract(抽象的), so we have to 25  it.

   Time passes very quickly. Some students say they don’t have  26  time to review their lessons. It is  27  they don’t know how to make use of their time. They waste it in going to theatres or playing, and  28  other useless things. Why do we study every day? Why do we work? Why do most people   29   take buses instead of walking. The answer is very                            30  .We wish to save time because time is   31  .

   Today we are living in the 21st century. We  32  time as life. When a person dies, his life ends. Since life is short, we must devote our time and energy to our   33   so that we       34  be able to work and live well in the future. Laziness is the  35   of time, for it not only brings us   36   , but also does other   37   to us. If it is necessary for us to do our work today,    38   us do it today and not   39   it until tomorrow. Remember that time is much more   40   .

21.  A. lost                B. passed               C. missed                     D. used

22.  A. important         B. true                  C. interesting         D. usual|

23.  A. for                  B. like                   C. after                 D. over

24.  A. amount            B. quality                     C. number             D. price

25.  A. think                      B. imagine             C. guess                D. check

26.  A. spare                      B. free                  C. enough              D. much

27.  A. that                 B. why                  C. because             D. certain

28.  A. doing               B. making             C. taking               D. getting

29.  A. needn’t            B. have to              C. had better          D. prefer

30.  A. easy                 B. simple               C. stupid               D. interesting

31.  A. worthless         B. priceless            C. ready                D. little

32.  A. consider           B. agree                C. think                 D. believe

33.  A. life                  B. work                 C. hobbies             D. study

34.  A. must               B. should               C. may                  D. would

35.  A. helper                     B. thief                 C. friend               D. teacher

36.  A. wealth                    B. health               C. failure               D. illness

37.  A. danger                    B. harm                 C. trouble                     D. difficulty

38.  A. help                 B. make                C. have                 D. let

39.  A. keep                B. remain                     C. manage             D. leave

40.  A. valuable          B. expensive          C. worth                D. rich.

Too many people want others to be their friends, but they don’t give friendship back. That is why some friendships don’t last long. To have a friend, you must learn to be one. You must learn to treat your friend the way you want your friend to treat you. Learning to be a good friend means learning three rules: be honest; be generous; be understanding.

Honesty is where a good friendship starts. Friends must be able to trust one another. If you do not tell the truth, people usually find out. If a friend finds out that you haven’t been honest, you may lose your friend’s trust. Good friends always rely on one another to speak and act honestly.

Generosity means sharing and sharing makes a friendship grow. You do not have to give your lunch money or your clothes. Naturally you will want to share your ideas and feelings. These can be very valuable to a friend. They tell your friend what is important to you. By sharing them, you help your friend know better.

Sooner or later everyone needs understanding and help with each other. Something may go wrong at school. Talking about the problem can make it easier to solve. Turning to a friend can be a first step in solving the problem. So to be a friend you must listen and understand. You must try to put yourself in your friend’s place so that you can understand the problem better.

No two friendships are exactly alike. But all true friendships have three things in common. If you plan to keep your friends, you must practice honesty, generosity and understanding.

51. Some friendships don’t last long because ______.

   A. there are too many people who want to make friends.

   B. some people receive friendship but don’t give friendship back.

   C. those who give others friendship receive friendship from others.

   D. they don’t know friendship is something serious.

52. According to the passage, honesty is ______.

   A. something countable                B. the base of friendship

   C. as important as money               D. more important than anything else

53. Which of the following isn’t mentioned in the passage.?

   A. Always tell your friends the truth

   B. Sharing your mind with your friends is of great value.

   C. Discussing your problems with your friends often helps to solve the problem.

   D. A friend who gives you his lunch money is a true friend.

54. In the third paragraph, the underlined word ‘they’ refers to(指) ______.

   A. generosity and friendship              B. generosity and sharing      

C. your ideas and feelings           D. your clothes

55. The best title of this passage is ______.

   A. Honesty Is the Best Policy              B. A Friend in Need Is a Friend indeed

   C. How to Be Friends             D. Three Important Points in Life