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SAN FRANCISCO--- As skies are filled with millions of migrating birds, Europeans scientists say the seasonal miracle appears to depend on a seeming contradiction: The fatter the bird, the more  efficiently it flies.
The result of their study contradict a central theory of aerodynamics(空氣動(dòng)力學(xué)), which predicts that the power needed to fly increases with weight.
For birds, apparently, the cost of flying with heavy fuel loads is considerably smaller than previously thought.
Researchers found that red knot wading birds double their normal body weight of 100 grams before making their twice-a-year, non-stop commute(路程) between the British Isles and the Russian Arctic. Distance: 5,000 kilometers.
Another study in the journal Nature measured the benefits of flying in an aerodynamic V formation, which allows bird to save energy by gliding in the lead bird’s air stream.
Flying in formation, their heart rates were as much as 14.5 percent lower than flying solo, according to Henri Weimerskirch, a French scientist. The findings help explain how birds complete difficult migrations.
Researchers had assumed that thinner, more athletic birds would have the best chance of survival.
The first study suggests that building up fat deposits(存放) to be burned as fuel during the migrating is worth more than the energy it takes to carry the additional weight. In the study, researchers said their team studied the birds flown at different body masses during 28 simulated(模擬) flights. They were injected with a small amount of water containing a radioactive element that enabled the team to measure the amount of energy burned.
63. Researchers used to believe_______.
A. the thinner a bird is, the less energy it needs to fly
B. migratory birds make a journey from the British Isles to the Russian Arctic
C. aerodynamics makes no sense
D. birds eat more before they begin their migrations
64. According to the passage, birds prefer to fly in the V formation rather than fly solo because_____.
A. it is against aerodynamic to fly in the V formation
B. they can save energy while migrating 
C. they won’t get lost with a bird leading the way
D. in this way their heart beat faster so that they can fly faster
65. The researchers didn’t ______ in the study.
A. inject the birds with water containing a radioactive element
B. watch birds of different body masses in simulated flights
C. take the birds’ heart rates   
D. feed the birds to fatten them
66. The best title of the passage should be _______.
A. Birds Fatten up for Journey        B. Migratory Birds in Europe
C. New Findings                 D. Migrating in V formation

Directions: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN 25 WORDS.

As skies fill with millions of migrating birds, European scientists say the seasonal miracle appears to depend on a seeming contradiction: The fatter the bird, the more efficiently it flies. The results of their study contradict a central theory of aerodynamics（空氣動(dòng)力學(xué)）, which predicts that the power needed to fly increases with weight.

For birds, apparently, the cost of flying with heavy fuel loads is considerably smaller than previously thought. Researchers found that red knot wading birds double their normal body weight of 100 grams before making their twice-a-year, nonstop commute between the British Isles and the Russian Arctic. Distance: 5,000 kilometres.

Another study in the journal Nature measured the benefits of flying in an aerodynamic V formation, which allows birds to save energy by gliding in the lead bird’s air stream.

Flying in formation, their heart rates were as much as 14.5 per cent lower than flying solo, according to Henri Wimerskirch, a French scientist. The findings help explain how birds complete difficult migrations. Researchers had assumed that thinner, more athletic birds would have the best chance of survival.

The first study suggests that building up fat deposits to be burned as fuel during the migration is worth more than the energy it takes to carry the additional weight. Heavier birds apparently use their muscles more efficiently.

In the study, researchers said their team studied the birds flown at different body masses during 28 simulated flights. They were injected with a small amount of water containing a radioactive element that enabled the team to measure the amount of energy burned.

85. How much will a red knot wading bird probably weigh before making its nonstop migrating flight?

86. The additional weight gained before the flight won’t increase the powered needed to fly; on the contrary, it works as _____________________.

87. How did scientists successfully conduct the first study?

88. We can infer from the studies on fat deposits and V formation flying that both factors _____________________________.

Directions: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN 25 WORDS.

As skies fill with millions of migrating birds, European scientists say the seasonal miracle appears to depend on a seeming contradiction: The fatter the bird, the more efficiently it flies. The results of their study contradict a central theory of aerodynamics（空氣動(dòng)力學(xué)）, which predicts that the power needed to fly increases with weight.

For birds, apparently, the cost of flying with heavy fuel loads is considerably smaller than previously thought. Researchers found that red knot wading birds double their normal body weight of 100 grams before making their twice-a-year, nonstop commute between the British Isles and the Russian Arctic. Distance: 5,000 kilometres.

Another study in the journal Nature measured the benefits of flying in an aerodynamic V formation, which allows birds to save energy by gliding in the lead bird’s air stream.

Flying in formation, their heart rates were as much as 14.5 per cent lower than flying solo, according to Henri Wimerskirch, a French scientist. The findings help explain how birds complete difficult migrations. Researchers had assumed that thinner, more athletic birds would have the best chance of survival.

The first study suggests that building up fat deposits to be burned as fuel during the migration is worth more than the energy it takes to carry the additional weight. Heavier birds apparently use their muscles more efficiently.

In the study, researchers said their team studied the birds flown at different body masses during 28 simulated flights. They were injected with a small amount of water containing a radioactive element that enabled the team to measure the amount of energy burned.

85. How much will a red knot wading bird probably weigh before making its nonstop migrating flight?

86. The additional weight gained before the flight won’t increase the powered needed to fly; on the contrary, it works as _____________________.

87. How did scientists successfully conduct the first study?

88. We can infer from the studies on fat deposits and V formation flying that both factors _____________________________.

Section D:

Directions: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN 25 WORDS.

  As skies fill with millions of migrating birds, European scientists say the seasonal miracle appears to depend on a seeming contradiction: The fatter the bird, the more efficiently it flies. The results of their study contradict a central theory of aerodynamics（空氣動(dòng)力學(xué)）, which predicts that the power needed to fly increases with weight.

  For birds, apparently, the cost of flying with heavy fuel loads is considerably smaller than previously thought. Researchers found that red knot wading birds double their normal body weight of 100 grams before making their twice-a-year, nonstop commute between the British Isles and the Russian Arctic. Distance: 5,000 kilometres.

  Another study in the journal Nature measured the benefits of flying in an aerodynamic V formation, which allows birds to save energy by gliding in the lead bird’s air stream.

  Flying in formation, their heart rates were as much as 14.5 per cent lower than flying solo, according to Henri Wimerskirch, a French scientist. The findings help explain how birds complete difficult migrations. Researchers had assumed that thinner, more athletic birds would have the best chance of survival.

  The first study suggests that building up fat deposits to be burned as fuel during the migration is worth more than the energy it takes to carry the additional weight. Heavier birds apparently use their muscles more efficiently.

  In the study, researchers said their team studied the birds flown at different body masses during 28 simulated flights. They were injected with a small amount of water containing a radioactive element that enabled the team to measure the amount of energy burned.

How much will a red knot wading bird probably weigh before making its nonstop migrating flight?

_____________________________________________________________________________

86. The additional weight gained before the flight won’t increase the powered needed to fly; on the contrary, it works as _______________________________

87. How did scientists successfully conduct the first study?

___________________________________________________________________________________

88. We can infer from the studies on fat deposits and V formation flying that both factors _______________________________________________________________________________

71. As a middle school student, you should realize that it's not meaningful at all for you ____________________ fantasy novels on line.  (addict)

作為一名中學(xué)生你應(yīng)該認(rèn)識(shí)到迷戀網(wǎng)上的奇幻小說沒有任何意義。

72. ____________________ they will camp out tonight. It is such a long way that I don’t think   

they can get back.  (likely)

他們今晚可能要在外露營(yíng)了，路太遠(yuǎn)我覺得他們不會(huì)回來了。

73. A child is told that under no circumstances ____________________ his parents.  (cheat)

小孩被告知在任何情況下他都不應(yīng)該欺騙父母。

74. Have you ever had a case _______________________ your journalists of getting the wrong end    

of the stick ?  (accuse)

你們有沒有過這樣的情況：有人控告你們的記者，說他們的報(bào)道完全失呢？

75. Please keep us _______________________ any change of address as soon as possible. (inform)  

地址變化了請(qǐng)盡可能早地讓我們知道。

76. If Richard _______________________ his job last month, he would go abroad for a business conference now. (lose)

       如果理查德不在上個(gè)月失業(yè)的話，他現(xiàn)在已去國(guó)外參加一個(gè)商業(yè)會(huì)議了。

77. The boy wanted to play football in the street, but his mother _______________________.  (tell)

男孩想在街上踢球，但是他媽媽叫他不要在街上踢球。

78. Ribery _______________________ with his father on a construction site when Messi and Ronaldo were already established superstars.  (work v.)

當(dāng)梅西和羅納爾多已經(jīng)成名的時(shí)候，里貝里和父親正在一個(gè)建筑工地上干活。

79. Burns are called first, second or third degree burns, _______________________ which layers of the skin are burned.  (depend) 

根據(jù)皮膚燒傷的層次，燒傷分為一度、二度和三度燒傷。

80. It is not only Doraemon’s cool gadgets but also his lovely personality _______________. (make)

不僅僅是哆啦A夢(mèng)酷酷的小裝置而且是他的可愛的個(gè)性使得故事有趣。