Question

【題目】請閱讀下面文字， 并按照要求用英語寫一篇 150 詞左右的文章。

There’s no doubt that work deadlines can be stressful. When you have too many, you can feel overcome. And nearing deadlines encourages last-minute dashes for the finish line, like when students pull ‘a(chǎn)ll-nighters’ in an attempt to achieve weeks’ worth of essay writing in a handful of hours.

Yet there’s no question deadlines can serve a positive psychological function-after all, without them, many students might never even finish their work. You can see evidence for the power of deadlines in the ‘real world’, too. For instance, in 2015, when the US National Science Foundation dropped its usual twice-yearly deadlines for grant submissions in geoscience, as part of an attempt to help the overburdened system, the effect was dramatic. Annual submissions fell by 59% without the pressure of a deadline and it seems that many scientists lacked the urgency and motivation to deliver their applications.

As new research findings shed light on the psychology of deadlines, we can learn ways that deadlines can be used to increase focus and boost perseverance.

（寫作內(nèi)容）

1. 用約 30 個單詞概括上文信息的主要內(nèi)容；

2. 談談設置”截止日期”的重要性；

3. 就 如何確保在”截止日期”內(nèi)完成任務提出你的建議( 不少于兩點) 。

（寫作要求）

1. 寫作過程中不能直接引用原文語句；

2. 作文中不能出現(xiàn)真實姓名和學校名稱；

3. 不必寫標題。

（評分標準）

內(nèi)容完整， 語言規(guī)范， 語篇連貫， 詞數(shù)適當。

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Answer 1

【答案】To meet deadlines, people have to work with every fibre of their being, feeling stressed and pressured. However, deadlines can function positively and powerfully, proved by the 2015 example.

Deadlines have great influence on our work. For one thing, part of the motivating power of deadlines has to do with our goal. To realize our goal, we are willing to burn the midnight oil to get the work done more efficiently. For another, deadlines can help keep us in focus and advance our work. Without deadlines, we might find our targets and priorities postponed indefinitely, creating a feeling that we are simply drifting along, lacking in work enthusiasm.

Here are my suggestions on how best to tackle the problem. Firstly, draw up a schedule and ensure everything goes according to it. If not, adjust it in time. Secondly, stay focused on your schedule and pace your efforts.

Now, get down to your work today and you will surely complete it before the deadline and gain an unexpected harvest.

【解析】

這是一篇讀寫任務。題干中“寫作內(nèi)容”中，很清晰地列出了寫作時需要包含的三方面的內(nèi)容。首先是總結文章內(nèi)容，其次是談談“截止日期”的重要性以及就如何確保在“截止日期”內(nèi)完成任務提出你的建議。第二三部分是文章寫作時的重點，也是同學們需要自己發(fā)揮的部分。

第一步：總結文章概要。由第二段中的Yet there’s no question deadlines can serve a positive psychological function（但毫無疑問，截止日期可以起到積極的心理作用）可知，這篇文章主要講述了雖然截止日期會給人帶來壓力，但截止日期具有積極的心理功能。范文第一段就是總結的這篇文章的中心，However與文中的yet呼應，前邊一句是對第一段中心的總結，后一句是對后邊兩段內(nèi)容的總結。其中的positively與 powerfully與文章中心句中的positive呼應。

第二步：談談設置“截止日期”的重要性。文章最后一句“we can learn ways that deadlines can be used to increase focus and boost perseverance（我們能夠發(fā)現(xiàn)截止日期能被用來提高注意力，增強毅力。）”給我們寫這一段提供了方向，我們可以從如何提高注意力與增強毅力兩方面來談。例如范文中前半部分主要寫part of the motivating power of deadlines has to do with our goal（截止日期的激發(fā)作用與目標有關），我們可以關注目標，提升戰(zhàn)斗力。后半部分主要寫deadlines can help keep us in focus and advance our work（截止日期能讓我們集中于目標，繼續(xù)保持前進）。這兩部分與文章最后一句中的兩個方向吻合。

第三步：就如何確保在“截止日期”內(nèi)完成任務提出你的建議。既然截止日期與日期有關，我們就是需要做出計劃，按照計劃執(zhí)行即可。倒數(shù)第二段中的兩個建議也就是要我們做出計劃，嚴格執(zhí)行。

第四步：列提綱 （重點詞組）

work with every fibre of their being（繃緊神經(jīng)工作）；have great influence on…（對……有重要影響）；has to do with…（與……有關）；are willing to…（愿意）；burn the midnight oil to…（熬夜去做……）；keep us in focus（讓我們保持注意力）；pace your effort（調(diào)整好你的努力）等。

第五步：遣詞造句：同學們在寫作時不能逐句翻譯，可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫，同時要點表述要完整，文章要通順，準確使用時態(tài)和語態(tài)。

第六步：連句成文：寫作時要適當使用連詞、過渡詞和插入語，使文章渾然一體。同時恰當而合理地使用一些高級詞匯和句型，如定語從句等，以提高文章檔次。