Caviahue

Meaning “site of gathering and celebration”, this spot draws people with its long ski season, natural beauty, and hot springs.

Season: June 15th to September 30th

Tel/Fax: （011）4314-8212/9180

Website: http://www.caviahue.com

Cerro Castor

The newest ski resort in Argentina, this winter playground is near Ushuaia—the world's southernmost city. The stable and cold temperatures of Castor allow it to offer the longest ski seasons in South America.

Season: June 17th to October 16th

Phone: 54 290-1499301

Fax: 54 290-1430680

Website: http://www.cerrocastor com

Perito Moreno

This resort features 11 skiable kilometers divided into 9 tracks, a double 1, 000-mcter-long chairlift line that joins the 900-meter-high and the 1,350-meter-high areas, where snow is guaranteed throughout the winter.

Season: From June 15th to October 5th

Phone: 54 294-4409000

Fax: 54 294-4409000, int. 118

Website: http:// www.cerro-periiomoreno.com

Cerro Catedral

Cerro Catedral was one of the first ski resorts in Argentina. Cerro Catedral has continued to gain a reputation for itself-all the while updating its facilities. The resort has 39 lifts, which allow access to 600 hectares （公頃）of skiable surface divided into 53 well-signaled runs of various difficulties.

Season: From June 18th to October 10th

Tel/Fax: （012） 4672-2947/7672

Website: http:" www.catedralaltapatagonia.com

【1】Which number should you call if you want to take a hot spring bath?

A.54 294-4409000B.54 290-1499301

C.（012）4672-2947/7672D.（011）4314-8212/9180

【2】Which of the following offers the longest ski season?

A.CaviahueB.Cerro Castor

C.Perito MorenoD.Cerro Catedral

【3】What's the feature of Cerro Catedral?

A.Cultural appeal.B.Beauty and comfort.

C.Advanced equipment.D.Historical significance.

Everyone wants to be the type of person who gives the critical talk that turns around a friend's outlook. However, giving a good pep talk isn't easy. 【1】 . You need to not only listen and understand, but also stress the other person's strengths. You also need to know when to stop talking.

"A lot of people think they are giving a pep talk, but they are just saying what they would want to hear," says Stacy Kaiser, a psychotherapist （心理治療師）in Los Angeles.

Instead of instantly telling someone what to do, ask him what actions he has thought about taking and why he thinks they will be beneficial. “Don't jump right in and insist 'You'll be fine,'" says Kaiser. 【2】, Repeat the person's concerns out loud, so he feels heard. Then, show your friend that you believe in him and that he has what it takes to get through this hard time. Stress his strengths.

【3】 . You can't! guarantee success, but you can remind the person that he has been through a tough time before and has gotten through it

At last, Kaiser says you must know when to stop. “【4】 . Don't argue if the person disagrees with what you are saying. Instead, tell him 'I am sorry you are having such a hard time,' And then back down."

Kaiser says he has learned to give good pep talks by giving bad ones. He lost a number of loved ones during a short period. “Timing is everything." There is a time to give a pep talk, and there is a time to just listen. 【5】 .

A.Let your friend have his moment

B.Give your pep talk and then shut up

C.Arguing with your friend makes no sense

D.Show your friend that you understand why he is sad

E.He isn't interested in what his best friends really need

F.It requires an understanding of what your audience needs

G.It is also important to remember that pep talks are about hope

Dr. Gómez Milán and his team developed a lie detector test that used thermography（體溫計）to tell if people were lying, and found that whenever participants in their research were being untruthful, the temperature of the tip of their nose dropped up to 1.2℃, while the temperature of their forehead increased up to 1.5℃. Scientist also found that drop in temperature at nose level actually caused it to slightly shrink, although the difference is undetected by the human eye.

“One has to think in order to lie, which rises the temperature of the forehead,” Dr. Gómez Milán explained the findings. “At the same time we feel anxious, which lowers the temperature of the nose.”

For this study, researchers asked a number of 60 students to perform various tasks while their temperature is scanned by technology. One of these tasks required making a 3 to 4 minutes call to their parents or a friend and telling a significant lie. Participants had to make up the lie themselves during the call. Interestingly, this lie detector picked up the “Pinocchio effect” temperature difference in 80 percent of the test subjects, which is a better rate of success than that of any modern lie detector.

“With this method we have achieved to increase accuracy”, said Dr. Gómez Milán, who added that law enforcement interviewers could one day combine other lie detection technology with thermal imaging to achieve better results.

【1】Why does the writer talk about Pinocchio in the first paragraph?

A.To tell a fairy tale.B.To give an example.

C.To talk about a scientist.D.To introduce the topic.

【2】What is “Pinocchio effect”?

A.Our noses will grow when we tell a lie.

B.Our noses will shrink when we tell a lie.

C.The temperature of the forehead falls if we lie.

D.The temperature of the student rises for anxiety.

【3】How did Dr. Gómez Milán feel about the lie detector?

A.Doubtful.B.Surprised.

C.Confident.D.Puzzled.

【4】What lesson can we learn from the text?

A.A lie will travel very hard.B.Many ways to bring a liar to light.

C.A lie never lives to be old.D.Once a liar always a liar.

增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（∧），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（＼）劃掉。

修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。

注意：1．每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；

2．只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計分。

One evening after work, I found a beautiful little fox with a injured leg. She was like a Disney fox. Then I fed her some fish. A couple of week later the fox was back, completely better and had visited ever since. She was comfortably enough to come really near to me. She allowed me to photographing her, the best of which I posted it on social media. Soon after, one day she took her cubs together to visit me, that was really unexpected. It’s amazed to have this connection with something so wild this busy city. But happily the loving fox still keeps turning up.

Researchers at the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research show how the interaction (交互) between remembering and forgetting in the brain 【1】 (allow) us to make more intelligent decisions 【2】 (base) on memory. They published a new review paper in the journal Neuron.

Forgetting makes us smart by working with memorizing 【3】 the following ways, the researchers say. First, letting go of outdated information lets us adapt to new situations. By forgetting the old and potentially misleading information, we can adapt to new environments 【4】 (easy). Second, forgetting also makes decision- making simple. We just remember the important information which makes it easy for us 【5】 (make) wise decisions.

What and how much we remember can 【6】 (decide) by our environments, For example, a lawyer or a designer with a set of clients will likely remember 【7】 (they) names for a longer period of time, A cashier who has a changing sea of 【8】 (customer) every day will only remember names for a short amount of time.

The researchers point out that the motto is true: If you don’t use it, you lose it. But as 【9】 review paper shows, it can be a good thing. Clearing out the information you don’t need can help make room for the important things, 【10】 can make you become more intelligent.

The soap is often made by women and is fair-traded, though not always, Black soap is traditionally made in West Africa, typically Ghana, from secret recipes. Different tribes have adopted their own secret making techniques, which can be seen in different colors among black soap. Varieties of black soaps actually made in Africa tend to be pure.

The first step of making traditional African black soap is selecting the plant—usually cocoa pods or palm tree leaves, sometimes shea tree bark (酪脂樹皮), which then are sun-dried and burned to ashes which are often used to heal cuts. To guarantee the natural color and light smell, it's important to keep a constant temperature of burning. Then the water is added into the ashes along with the shea butter, palm oil, and coconut oil. That mixture is cooked until it becomes stable. It needs to be hand stirred for at least 24 hours. After that, they scooped it out and let it 'cure' for two weeks. Those soaps that are made in Africa contain no artificial ingredients (材料).

African black soap is being used for many generations and many causes. African black soap has many benefits over commercially produced soaps. One of the most common usage is to cure skin conditions and problems. After using this soap, the skin looks healthy. Another usage of the black soap is for removing the makeup and dead skin. It also gives an excellent UV (紫外線) protection because of the high level of shea butter in it.

However, the black soap also has some unpleasant side effects. For example, your skin may become over-dried. If so, you should stop using it and wash your skin with water.

【1】What leads to color differences of African black soap?

A.Different market demands.B.The makers' personal preferences.

C.Some artificial ingredients.D.Various secret making techniques.

【2】What should people do first when making African black soap?

A.Choose the proper plant.B.Change the temperature of burning.

C.Mix coconut oil up for a whole day.D.Dry palm tree leaves for two weeks.

【3】What is paragraph 4 mainly about?

A.The benefits of African black soap.

B.The problems caused by black soap.

C.The harm of using African black soap.

D.The process of making African black soap.

【4】What do we know about African black soap?

A.It has a strong smell.

B.It's effects are two-edged.

C.It's quite difficult to purchase.

D.It's specially made for women.

Mayura Rao

While she was in London in 2016. Mayura was longing to run a business when working at a global advisory firm. She came upon the idea of tea and story-telling. She realized most people knew about some tea such as English Breakfast and Earl Grey but were unaware of good tea and its story. To make tea drinking cool again, she decided to start up in this space. She quit her job, packed her bags and moved to Bengaluru from London and started Ausurm Tea.

Snigdha manchanda

Snigdha Manchanda founded the Goa-based Tea Trunk in 2013. As a tea sommelier (品茶師), she attended professional schools of tea in Sri Lanka and also was trained under a Japanese tea master. Her aim was to provide people with good quality tea and she is doing that with tea trunk, She sources a variety of tea from farmers to create unique and natural tea without any artificial flavors.

Prerna Kumar

Prerna Kumar, was for the first time, out of her job and in bed with a broken foot when everyone kept cheering her up about how they were waiting for her to bounce back so she could enjoy her tea. In her networks and circles, she has always been known for her tea making skills. She started Chaiveda in 2017?

Anamika Singh

Anamika Singh grew up in a tea manufacturing family and learnt about tea from her father. With a desire to introduce tasty tea to people at an affordable price, Anamika started Anandini Himalaya Tea Room in 2013 in Delhi for people to sarnple, learn and talk about tea under one roof.

【1】What do we know about Mayura Rao?

A.She cornbined tea with its story.

B.She started Ausum Tea in London.

C.She grew up in a family of tea merchants.

D.She was unaware of the flavor of Earl Grey.

【2】Who was educated by a tea expert?

A.Mayura Rao.B.Snigdha Manchanda.

C.Prerna Kumar.D.Anamika Singh.

【3】What’s the purpose of the text?

A.To advertise some Indian tea.

B.To attract more women to do tea business.

C.To introduce several businesswomen in Indian tea industry.

D.To show four unique stories of tea development in England.

增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（∧），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。

修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。

注意：1. 每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；

2. 只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計分。

You may never know just a small thing you do to others means a lot of. Your giving a hand possible will be a lighted torch, brightening the road in the dark. A warm word of you will be ray of sunshine, melting a cold but helpless heart. In addition, offering help is a virtue. If you offer to help others, you’ll eventually be rewarding. Helping others is always a good tradition of our nation, who has been rooted in our hearts. I think what we needed is to rebuild a warm relationship between each others. Besides, by helping others, you can have a feeling of satisfaction and proud, a sense of achievement and the realization of your own value. As an old say goes, “Roses given, fragrance in hand.”

Increase self-awareness

Self-awareness is an ongoing journey. 【2】, which make you more aware of your personality, thoughts and feelings. So, in order to be on the path of self-improvement, it is important to never lose touch with yourself.

Enhance strengths

Self-improvement lets you identify your personal strengths, from relationships to careers—knowing your strengths is important for every aspect of your life. It gives you a better understanding of what you are seeking and where you are likely to be more excellent. 【3】. After all, you can only achieve what you want when you know what you want.

Overcome weaknesses

【4】, you should come to terms with your weaknesses. Don’t be ashamed of them, look at them as areas of improvement. We all have strengths and weaknesses that shape our personality. It is these imperfections that make us humans.

【5】

Choosing to work on improving yourself requires you to take your trip out of comfortable areas. It lets you face your fears, try new things, take risks and challenge yourself. There will be times when you will discover a new side of your personality but there will also be times when you will fail.

A.Improve mental health

B.Step out of comfort zone

C.It also helps you set life goals and make them happen

D.When you refuse to improve yourself in your daily life

E.Though identifying strengths is an important aspect of self-improvement

F.As life progresses, you are met with different experiences and challenges

G.That’s to say, self improvement is of great importance no matter how old you are

A case in point: Apple. In 2016, there was lots of report on Liam, a robot able to dismantle(拆卸) an iPhone in just 11 seconds — a good way to recycle 1.2 million units a year. That sounds amazing until you take into account the fact that Apple had actually sold 231 million new iPhones the year before. Liam, actually, is the perfect symbol for recycling in the field of high-tech: a drop of green water in an ocean of pollution.

According to a recent UN report, the US produces about 6.3 million tons or 14% of the world's electronic waste. Worldwide, almost 45 million tons of electronic waste were produced in 2016. Among them, only 20% had been recycled in some shape or form. The remaining 80% made its way to a more environmentally damaging end at the landfill(垃圾填埋場).

Of course, we can say it's time to double our recycling efforts. However, the huge amount of e-waste is impossible to cope with. The UN report points out that while there is an increased focus on recycling today compared to the past, the effort to reuse used devices simply can't keep pace with the high consumption rates for new devices.

In their environmental responsibility report, Apple admits that 77% of the carbon footprint of their electronics comes from their manufacture, versus(相對于) 17% comes from its actual use. The environmental effect of replacing a device, even if it is recycled after, remains significant.

【1】Which of the following can best describe Liam?

A.It's useful but can't make a big difference.

B.It's energy-saving but too expensive.

C.It's well-made but won't become popular.

D.It's advanced but impractical.

【2】What caused the e-waste recycling problem?

A.Few high-tech companies.

B.Not enough recycling efforts.

C.High demand for new electronics.

D.Difficult recycling processes.

【3】What does the author think of the electronics recycling?

A.It is very effective.

B.It is quite good.

C.It is environmentally damaging.

D.It is far from “green” recycling.

【4】What can be the best title for the text?

A.A Recent UN Report on E-Waste Problem

B.The Limitation of Electronics Recycling

C.A Good Way to Cope With E-Waste

D.The Responsibility for Apple to Decrease E-Waste