2008級重慶市高三聯(lián)合診斷性模擬考試（第二次）

理 科 綜 合

理科綜合測試題分選擇題和非選擇題兩部分。第一部分（選擇題），第二部分（非選擇題）。滿分300分�？荚嚂r間150分鐘。

注意事項：

1、答題前，務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫在答題卡規(guī)定的位置上。

2、答第一部分試題時，必須使用2B鉛筆將答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號。

3、答第二部分試題時，必須使用0.5毫米黑色簽字筆，將答案書寫在答題卡規(guī)定的位置上。

4、所有題目必須在答題卡上作答，在試題卷上答題無效。

5、考試結(jié)束后，將試題卷和答題卡一并上交回。

以下數(shù)據(jù)可供解題時參考： H 1  C 12  O 16  P 31  S 32   As 75

第一部分（選擇題，共126分）

選擇題（本題包括21小題。每小題6分，每小題只有一個選項符合題意）

1．下圖是人體生命活動調(diào)節(jié)過程的示意圖，請據(jù)圖判斷下列說法不正確的是

A．如分泌細(xì)胞1是性腺細(xì)胞，則靶細(xì)胞2不可能是神經(jīng)細(xì)胞

B．如分泌細(xì)胞1是甲狀腺細(xì)胞，則靶細(xì)胞2可能是垂體細(xì)胞

C．如分泌細(xì)胞1是T細(xì)胞，則靶細(xì)胞2可能是B細(xì)胞

 D．如分泌細(xì)胞1是胰島A細(xì)胞，則它既是內(nèi)分泌細(xì)胞又是構(gòu)成某種非條件反射弧的效應(yīng)器部分

2．山羊體細(xì)胞中控制毛色的三對等位基因(X、x，Y、y，Z、z)分別位于三對同源染色體上，由基因X、y、Z分別控制①②③三種酶的合成，在三種酶共同作用下，可使羊毛中一種無色物質(zhì)轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)楹谏��?如下圖所示)。若基因型為XxYyZz的兩只白羊親本雜交，則出現(xiàn)黑山羊子代的概率為

A．9／64          B．1／8        C．27／64           D． 1／64 

3．生物研究小組同學(xué)觀察到某野外四個物種在一天中的平均活動時間（活動時間以％表示）。并將觀察信息記錄到下表，下列表述不正確的是

休息時間

與其他物種關(guān)系

進(jìn)食時間

其他活動

物種A

20%

15%追逐物種B

55%吃種子E

10%

物種B

20%

25%被物種A追逐

45%吃種子E

10%

物種C

75%

15%吃物種A

10%

物種D

75%

20%吃物種C

5%

A．該研究小組記錄的信息，不能反映完整的食物鏈（網(wǎng)）聯(lián)系

B．物種A、B、C、D不能構(gòu)成完整的食物鏈（網(wǎng)）

C．與物種A、B相比較，物種C、D一天中進(jìn)食時間較短的原因可能是食物中含蛋白質(zhì)、脂肪較多

D．物種A、B之間存在競爭關(guān)系、物種C、D之間存在捕食關(guān)系

4．某實驗小組以CO₂吸收量與釋放量為指標(biāo)，在光照等條件適宜的情況下，研究溫度對某綠色植物光合作用與呼吸作用的影響，他們將某植株放在特殊的裝置內(nèi)，實際測得的數(shù)據(jù)如圖所示。下列對這一結(jié)果的敘述，不正確的是

A．在相同光照、時間下，20⁰C時光合作用有機物的積累量與30⁰C時相等

   B．在相同光照、時間下，在25⁰C條件下植物積累有機物的量最多

C．溫度高于25℃時，光合作用合成有機物的量開始減少

D．若晝夜均為12小時，則在二曲線交點的溫度條件下，植物每天有機物的積累量為零

5．下圖表示在某環(huán)境中，某種群數(shù)量增長率隨時間變化的曲線，下列敘述不正確的是

A．在t₀～t₂時間內(nèi)，該種群數(shù)量呈“S”型增長

B．若在t₂時該種群數(shù)量為N，則在t₁時種群數(shù)量為N/2

C．若此圖為青霉菌群體的增長，則在t₂點以后是提取青霉素的最佳時間

D．在t₁～t₂時間段，該種群數(shù)量呈下降趨勢

6．2007 年諾貝爾化學(xué)獎得主德國科學(xué)家格哈德 ? 埃特爾對有關(guān)一氧化碳在金屬鉑表面的氧化過程的研究，催生了汽車尾氣凈化裝置。凈化裝置中的催化轉(zhuǎn)化器，可將 CO、NO、NO₂  和碳?xì)浠�合物等轉(zhuǎn)化為無害的物質(zhì)，有效降低尾氣對環(huán)境的危害。下列有關(guān)說法不正確的是 

A．催化轉(zhuǎn)化器中的鉑催化劑可加快CO氧化

B．鉑表面做成蜂窩狀更有利于提高催化效果

C．在鉑催化下，NO、NO₂ 可被CO還原成N₂

D．碳?xì)浠�合物在鉑催化下，被CO直接氧化成CO₂和 H₂O

7．A、B都是短周期元素，原子半徑：B＞A，它們可以形成化合物AB₂。由此可得出的正確判斷是                                                               

    A．A、B可能在同一周期           B． A在B的前一周期

    C． A肯定是金屬元素             D． A可能在第三周期的ⅡA或ⅣA

8．用N_A表示阿伏加德羅常數(shù)的值，下列說法中正確的是   

A．6.2g白磷分子中含P―P鍵為0.05N_A

B．標(biāo)準(zhǔn)狀況下，6.72L二硫化碳中含有碳原子數(shù)為0.3N_A

C．6.4 gS₆與S₈的混合物中所含S原子數(shù)一定為0.2 N_A

D．常溫下，1L 0.1 mol•L^-1AlCl₃溶液中含Al³⁺ 數(shù)一定為0.1N_A

9．下列說法中不正確的是   

A．升高溫度，可以改變水的離子積大小

B．醋酸溶液中加入少量硫酸，可以抑制醋酸的電離

C．碳酸鈉溶液可以除油污，因為它顯堿性

D．醋酸銨水溶液呈中性，因為它水解后生成弱酸和弱堿

10．下列各組離子，一定能大量共存的是      

A．含有大量Fe³⁺的溶液：Na⁺、HCO₃^-、NO₃^-、CO₃^2-

B．加入鋁粉能產(chǎn)生氫氣的溶液：NH₄⁺、Fe²⁺ 、SO₄^2- 、Cl^-

C．常溫下，c(H⁺)/c(OH^-)=1×10^-2的溶液：I^-、Cl^-、HCO₃^-、Na⁺

D．由水電離出的c(H⁺)=1×10^-12 mol•L^-1溶液中：K⁺、Cl^- 、NO₃^- 、Na⁺    

11．下列有關(guān)比較中，大小順序排列錯誤的是  

A．熱穩(wěn)定性：PH₃＞H₂S＞HBr＞NH₃

B．物質(zhì)的熔點：石英＞食鹽＞冰＞汞

C．結(jié)合質(zhì)子（H⁺）的能力：CO₃^2-＞CH₃COO^-＞SO₄^2-

D．分散系中分散質(zhì)粒子的直徑：Fe(OH)₃懸濁液＞Fe(OH)₃膠體＞FeCl₃溶液

12．2006年中國防治禽流感藥物研究取得重大突破，從中藥材提取的金絲桃素對人工感染的H5N1亞型禽流感家禽活體具有良好的治愈率。已知金絲桃素的結(jié)構(gòu)簡式為如下圖，

下列有關(guān)說法正確的是  

A．金絲桃素的分子式為C₁₇H₂₂O₃N

B．金絲桃素能在NaOH溶液中加熱反應(yīng)得到兩種芳香族化合物

C．金絲桃素能與濃硫酸和濃硝酸的混合液反應(yīng)

D．1mol金絲桃素最多能與4molH₂發(fā)生加成反應(yīng)

13．在濃鹽酸中，H₃AsO₃與SnCl₂反應(yīng)的離子方程式為：3SnCl₂＋12Cl^-＋2H₃AsO₃＋6H⁺＝2As＋3SnCl₆^2-＋6H₂O。關(guān)于該反應(yīng)的說法中正確的組合是   

  ① 氧化劑是H₃AsO₃；② 還原性：Cl^-＞As；③ 每生成7.5gAs，還原劑失去的電子為0.3 mol；④SnCl₆^2-是氧化產(chǎn)物。

A．①②④           B．①③④           C．①②③         D．只有①③

14．下列說法中正確的是

A．物體的內(nèi)能是物體內(nèi)所有分予熱運動的動能之和

B．布朗運動反映了花粉小顆粒內(nèi)部分子的無規(guī)則運動

C．兩個分子間的距離增大時，其斥力與引力的合力可能增大

D．物體的體積增大時，分子勢能一定增大

15．雷蒙德?戴維斯因研究來自太陽的電子型中微子γ_e而獲得了2002年度諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎。他探測中徽子所用的探測器的主體是一個貯滿615t四氯乙烯(C₂CI₄)溶液的巨桶，電子型中微子可以將一個氯核轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)橐粋�氬核，其核反應(yīng)方程為

已知核的質(zhì)量為36.95658u，核的質(zhì)量為36.95691u，的質(zhì)量為0.00055u，l u質(zhì)量對應(yīng)的能量為931.5MeV。根據(jù)以上數(shù)據(jù)，可以判斷參與上述反應(yīng)的電子型中微子的最小能量為  

A．0.82MeV      B．0.31MeV       C．1.33MeV       D．0.51MeV

16．如圖所示，一束平行復(fù)色光被玻璃三棱鏡折射后分解為互相分離的紅、黃、藍(lán)三色光，分別照射到相同的三塊金屬板上，已知金屬板b 恰有光電子逸出,則可知 

A．照射到板C上的光是藍(lán)色光

B．照射到板C上的光在棱鏡中傳播速度最小

C．照射到板a上的光波長最長

D．板a上一定能發(fā)生光電效應(yīng)

17．靜電場中有M、N兩點，已知M點的電勢高于N點的電勢，則下面的說法正確的是

A．M點到N點連線的方向就是電場線的方向

B．一個點電荷到M點受的電場力總要大于在N點受的電場力

Ｃ．一個點電荷從N點移到M點，它的電勢能一定增加

D．一個點電荷從M點移到N點，它的電勢能可能增加

18．如圖所示為波源開始振動后經(jīng)過一個周期時的波形圖，設(shè)介質(zhì)中質(zhì)點振動周期為T，則下面說法中正確的是 

A．若點M為波源，則M開始振動的方向向下

B．若點N為波源，則點P已振動了T/4

C．若點M為波源，則點P已振動了T/4

D．若點N為波源，則該時刻質(zhì)點P動能最大

19．我國發(fā)射的“嫦娥一號”探月衛(wèi)星簡化后的路線示意圖如圖所示，衛(wèi)星由地面發(fā)射后經(jīng)過發(fā)射軌道進(jìn)入停泊軌道，然后在停泊軌道經(jīng)過調(diào)速后進(jìn)入地月轉(zhuǎn)移軌道，再次調(diào)速后進(jìn)入工作軌道，衛(wèi)星開始對月球進(jìn)行探測。已知地球與月球的質(zhì)量之比為a，衛(wèi)星相對地球的停泊軌道與衛(wèi)星工作軌道的半徑之比為b，衛(wèi)星在停泊軌道和工作軌道上均可視為做勻速圓周運動，則衛(wèi)星

A．在停泊軌道和工作軌道運行的周期之比為

B．在停泊軌道和工作軌道運行的周期之比為

C．在停泊軌道運行的速度大于地球的第一宇宙速度

D．從停泊軌道進(jìn)入到地月轉(zhuǎn)移軌道，衛(wèi)星必須減速

20．如圖所示，在一次救災(zāi)工作中，一架沿水平直線飛行的直升機A，用懸索(重力可忽略不計)救.護(hù)困在湖水中的傷員B。在直升機A和傷員B以相同的水平速度勻速運動的同時，懸索將傷員吊起，在某一段時間內(nèi)，A、B之間的距離以〈式中H為直升機A離地面的高度，各物理量的單位均為國際單位制單位〉規(guī)律變化，則在這段時間內(nèi)

A．懸索的拉力等于傷員的重力

B．懸索是向后傾斜的

C．傷員做加速度大小、方向均不變的直線運動

D．傷員做速度大小增加的曲線運動

21．平行板電容器的兩極板A、B接于電池兩極，一帶正電的小球懸掛在電容器內(nèi)部，閉合開關(guān)S，小球平衡后懸線偏離豎直方向的夾角為θ，如圖所示。若A板不動，θ增大，這可能是由于

A．S保持閉合，B板向上平移了一些

B．S保持閉合，B板向左平移了一些

C．S保持閉合，B板向下平移了一些

D．S斷開，B板向左平移了一些

第二部分（非選擇題，共174分）

22．（請在答題卡上作答）（17分）

（1）測量一個量程已知的電壓表內(nèi)阻，所備器材如下:

A．待測電壓表V(量程3V,內(nèi)阻未知)

B．電流表A(量程3A,內(nèi)阻0.01Ώ)

C．定值電阻Ro(阻值2kΩ,額定電流50 mA)

D．電池組E(電動勢略小于3V,內(nèi)阻不計)

E．多用電表

F．開關(guān)S₁ 、S₂，導(dǎo)線若干

有一同學(xué)利用上面所給器材，進(jìn)行如下實驗操作：

①首先，用多用電表進(jìn)行粗測:多用電表電阻擋有4個倍率，分別是×lkΩ、×100Ω、×10Ω、×1Ω。該同學(xué)選擇×10Ω倍率，用正確的操作方法測量，發(fā)現(xiàn)指針偏角太小(相對左端)。為了較準(zhǔn)確地進(jìn)行測量，重新選用×100Ω倍率。若這時刻度盤上的指針位置如圖所示，那么測量結(jié)果是_________________。

②為了更精確地測出此電壓表內(nèi)阻，該同學(xué)設(shè)計了如圖所示的A、B實驗電路。你認(rèn)為其中較合理的電路是圖__________，其理由是_______________________________________。

（2）在一次課外活動中，某同學(xué)用圖（a）所示裝置測量放在水平光滑桌面上鐵塊A與金屬板B間的動摩擦因數(shù)。已知鐵塊A的質(zhì)量m =lkg，金屬板B的質(zhì)量M=0.5kg，用水平力F向左拉金屬板B ，使其向左運動，彈簧秤示數(shù)的放大情況如圖所示，則A、B間的摩擦力F_μ=____________N，A、B間的動摩擦因數(shù)μ=_______ (g取10 m/s²)。

該同學(xué)還設(shè)計性地將紙帶連接在金屬板B的后面，通過打點計時器連續(xù)打下一些計時點，取時間間隔為0.1s的幾個點。測量后的結(jié)果如圖 （b）所示，則金屬板被拉動的加速度a=___________m/s²，由此可知水平力F=_____________N。

23．（16分）如圖所示，K與虛線MN之間是加速電場，虛線MN與PQ之間是勻強電場，虛線PQ與熒光屏之間是勻強磁場，且MN、PQ與熒光屏三者互相平行，電場和磁場的方向如圖所示。圖中A點與O點的連線垂直于熒光屏，一帶正電的粒子從A點離開加速電場，速度方向垂直于偏轉(zhuǎn)電場方向射入偏轉(zhuǎn)電場，在離開偏轉(zhuǎn)電場后進(jìn)入勻強磁場，最后恰好垂直地打在圖中的熒光屏上，已知電場和磁場區(qū)域在豎直方向足夠長，加速電壓與偏轉(zhuǎn)電場的場強關(guān)系為U=，式中的d是偏轉(zhuǎn)電場的寬度且為已知量，磁場的磁感應(yīng)強度B與偏轉(zhuǎn)電場的電場強度E和帶電粒子離開加速電場的速度v_o關(guān)系符合表達(dá)式，求:

（1）帶電粒子進(jìn)入偏轉(zhuǎn)電場后的偏轉(zhuǎn)角。

（2）磁場的寬度L為多少?

24．（19分）如圖所示，在方向豎直向上的磁感應(yīng)強度為B的勻強磁場中，有兩條光滑的平行金屬導(dǎo)軌，其電阻不計，間距為L，導(dǎo)軌平面與磁場方向垂直，ab、cd為兩根垂直導(dǎo)軌放置的、電阻都為R、質(zhì)量都為m的金屬棒，棒cd用最大拉力為f的水平細(xì)線拉住，棒ab在水平拉力F的作用下以加速度a向右做勻加速運動，求:

（1）細(xì)線被拉斷前F隨時間的變化規(guī)律。

（2）經(jīng)多長時間細(xì)線將被拉斷?

25．（20分）如圖所示，EF為水平地面，0點左側(cè)是粗糙的，右側(cè)是光滑的，一輕質(zhì)彈簧右端固定在墻壁上，左端與靜止在O點、質(zhì)量為m的小物塊A連接，彈簧處于原長狀態(tài)，一質(zhì)量為2m的物塊B在大小為F的水平恒力作用下由C處從靜止開始向右運動，物塊B運動到O點與物塊A相碰并一起向右運動(設(shè)碰撞時間極短)，運動到D點時撤去外力F，物塊B和物塊A可視為質(zhì)點，已知物塊B和物塊A與地面EO段間的摩擦系數(shù)相同，物塊B與地面EO段間的滑動摩擦力大小為F/5， CO=5L，OD=L。求：

（1）撤去外力后彈簧的最大彈性勢能?

（2）從D點返回后,物塊B從O點開始向左運動直到靜止所用的時間是多少？

26．（14分）下列圖1中B是一種常見的無色無味的液體。C是一種有磁性的化合物，E是一種無色無味的有毒氣體。根據(jù)下列圖1、圖2，回答下列問題：

（1）寫出C的化學(xué)式：                     。

（2）E和N₂是等電子體，請寫出E可能的電子式：                    。

（3）在101kPa和150℃時，可逆反應(yīng)E（g）+ B（g）F（g）+ D（g）反應(yīng)速率和時間的關(guān)系如圖2所示，那么在t₁時速率發(fā)生改變的原因可能是（填選項字母）              。

A．升高溫度          B．增大壓強         C．加入催化劑

（4）若G是一種淡黃色固體單質(zhì)，16 g G和足量的A反應(yīng)放出的熱量為Q kJ（Q > 0），寫出這個反應(yīng)的熱化學(xué)方程式：                                          。

若G是一種氣態(tài)單質(zhì)，H的水溶液可以和有機物I反應(yīng)使溶液呈紫色，請寫出I的結(jié)構(gòu)簡式：       ；H的水溶液呈酸性，請用離子方程式表示呈酸性的原因：                                                                   。

27．（15分）實驗室用燃燒法測定某氨基酸（CxHyNzOp）的分子組成。取m g 該氨基酸放在純氧中充分燃燒，生成CO₂、H₂O和N₂。按下圖所示裝置進(jìn)行實驗。

請回答下列問題：

（1）實驗開始時，首先要通入一段時間的氧氣，其理由是________________________

（2）以上裝置中需要加熱的儀器有_________________（用字母填空）。

（3）A裝置中發(fā)生反應(yīng)的化學(xué)方程式是________________________________________。

（4）裝置D的作用是______________________________________________________。

（5）讀取量筒中水的體積時，應(yīng)注意①__ ______________________________________；

②_______________________________________________

（6）實驗中測得N₂的體積為V mL（標(biāo)準(zhǔn)狀況）。為確定此氨基酸的化學(xué)式，還需要的有關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)是________________________。

28．（15分）已知：兩個羥基同時連在同一碳原子上的結(jié)構(gòu)是不穩(wěn)定的，它將發(fā)生脫水反應(yīng)：

現(xiàn)有分子式為C₉H₈O₂Br₂的物質(zhì)M，有機物C的相對分子質(zhì)量為60，在一定條件下可發(fā)生下述一系列反應(yīng)：

請回答下列問題：

（1）G→H的反應(yīng)類型是   ______     。

（2）M的結(jié)構(gòu)簡式為    __________    ；C的結(jié)構(gòu)簡式為      __________  。

（3）寫出下列反應(yīng)的化學(xué)方程式：

①A→ B的化學(xué)方程式：                    _______­                        ；

②H→I的化學(xué)方程式：                     ___                            。

29．(16分) 鋁是一種重要金屬，在工農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)和生活中應(yīng)用十分廣泛。

（1）工業(yè)上用電解法制取金屬鋁的方程式為：                                  

（2）按照下列方案進(jìn)行“由含鐵廢鋁制備硫酸鋁晶體”的實驗：

請回答以下問題：

①第一次過濾操作的目的是__________________________________________。

②第二步操作中加稀H₂SO₄至pH=8―9后，檢驗沉淀是否完全的方法是___________ __                                            _                                                                           。

③第二步操作中溶液的pH控制較難操作，原因是                                ，

為保證鋁元素沉淀完全，可改用的物質(zhì)是____________________。 

（3）硫酸鋁水溶液中離子濃度由大到小的順序為：                              。

（4）明礬（硫酸鋁鉀）常用作凈水劑，明礬能凈水的主要原因                     

                                                                            。

（5）在硫酸鋁、硫酸鉀和明礬的混合溶液中，如果c(SO₄^2-)=0.2 mol?L^-1，當(dāng)加入等體積一定物質(zhì)的量濃度的KOH溶液時，恰好沉淀完全，則所得溶液中K的物質(zhì)的量濃度為                         。

30．Ⅰ、（本小題共18分、每空2分）下圖中植株①為黃色豆莢（aa）、綠色子葉（bb）的純種豌豆，植株②為綠色豆莢（AA）、黃色子葉（BB）的純種豌豆，這兩對基因獨立遺傳。現(xiàn)對植株①和植株②進(jìn)行了一定的處理，處理的結(jié)果如下圖所示，請根據(jù)此圖解回答問題：

（1）處理①的方法是                  __________ ，形成無籽豆莢的原因是                          。

（2）經(jīng)過處理②形成的有種子豆莢，其豆莢的顏色是         色，子葉的顏色是        色。第二年將經(jīng)過處理②形成的所有種子播下，在自然條件下，長出的植株所結(jié)的豌豆豆莢為黃色的占           ，其種子中胚的基因型是AABb的占總數(shù)的           。

（3）處理③的方法是         ，處理④的方法是                ，其原理是                  。

Ⅱ、（本小題共10分）由于在“基因靶向敲除”技術(shù)方面獲得重大成果，兩位美國科學(xué)家和一位英國科學(xué)家分享了2007年諾貝爾生理或醫(yī)學(xué)獎�！盎�因靶向敲除”是指利用細(xì)胞內(nèi)的DNA可與外源性DNA同源序列發(fā)生同源重組的性質(zhì)，用設(shè)計好的DNA片段替代動物細(xì)胞內(nèi)的基因片段，從而達(dá)到基因敲除目的，其基本原理如下圖所示。

請回答下列問題：

(1)關(guān)于“基因靶向敲除”技術(shù)，下列說法不正確的是（    ）

    A．“基因靶向敲除”其實質(zhì)就是人為的基因重組技術(shù)

    B．“基因靶向敲除”的濫用，會導(dǎo)致基因污染的生態(tài)災(zāi)難

C．“基因靶向敲除”成功導(dǎo)入的目的基因，其遺傳仍可能遵循孟德爾遺傳定律

    D．“基因靶向敲除”成功的關(guān)健是目的基因能否成功導(dǎo)入受體細(xì)胞

(2)從獲取目的基因到將目的基因?qū)�入受體細(xì)胞前，兩次使用了同一種基因操作工具，該工具是                。

(3)要想獲得一只含目的基因的小鼠，一般是通過病毒感染或顯微注射技術(shù)將目的基因?qū)�入受精�?/p>

選擇受精卵作受體細(xì)胞的原因是，從細(xì)胞分化角度講                。

(4)在此類基因操作中，通�？梢杂盟�母的發(fā)光蛋白作為標(biāo)記物。水母發(fā)光蛋白有發(fā)光環(huán)，能在一定

條件下發(fā)出熒光，現(xiàn)已將這種蛋白質(zhì)的基因作為生物轉(zhuǎn)基因的標(biāo)記，在轉(zhuǎn)基因技術(shù)中，這種蛋白質(zhì)的作用是(     )

    A．便于獲取目的基因                B．便于目的基因在宿主細(xì)胞中擴(kuò)增

    C．便于目的基因的轉(zhuǎn)移容易被檢測    D．便于目的基因的表達(dá)

(5)按上述“基因靶向敲除”操作獲得的小鼠其基因是雜合的，為更好地研究該動物細(xì)胞內(nèi)靶基因的功能，人們想獲得一個含純合目的基因的個體，下一步該如何實驗操作?

31．(本小題共14分，每空2分)科學(xué)家通過研究分析得知植物成熟葉中含有較多的脫落酸而不含細(xì)胞分裂素。進(jìn)一步研究分析得知：脫落酸有抑制核酸、蛋白質(zhì)的合成并提高核酸酶活性，從而促進(jìn)核酸的降解，使葉片衰老；而細(xì)胞分裂素則抑制葉綠素、核酸和蛋白質(zhì)的降解，抑制葉片衰老。所以在生產(chǎn)中可利用細(xì)胞分裂素作保鮮劑。請你設(shè)計一個實驗證明細(xì)胞分裂素有延緩葉片衰老的作用。

(1)實驗原理：葉綠素逐漸喪失是葉片衰老最明顯的特點，離體葉片很快就會出現(xiàn)衰老的特點，因此本實驗可通過                                作為指標(biāo)來檢測細(xì)胞分裂素的作用。

(2)實驗步驟：

    第一步：選取                                  葉片若干，均分成兩組，分別標(biāo)記為甲、乙。

    第二步：在甲組葉片的局部位置涂上一定濃度的細(xì)胞分裂素，乙組葉片                       。

第三步：記錄兩組葉片失綠變黃的時間。請設(shè)計一表格，以便科學(xué)地記錄數(shù)據(jù)。

(3)實驗結(jié)果預(yù)測及結(jié)論：

命題人：謝德勝    李云松    胡長秀

審題人：王安民    林  莉    王利亞

2008級重慶市高三聯(lián)合診斷性模擬考試（第二次）

試題詳情

高三年級月考化學(xué)試題

第Ⅰ卷

試題詳情

高三年級月考數(shù)學(xué)試題（理科往屆）

第Ⅰ卷（選擇題，共60分）

試題詳情

高三年級月考數(shù)學(xué)試題（文科）

命題人：馮文信     2007/10/25

試題詳情

高三年級月考英語試題

第Ⅰ卷

第一節(jié)：語音知識（共5小題；每小題1分，滿分5分）

從A、B、C、D四個選項中，找出其劃線部分與所給單詞的劃線部分讀音相同的選項。

1．summer

  A．unfortunate        B．uncertain              C．junior                   D．curriculum

2．design

  A．resign                  B．definite                C．innocent               D．cigar

3．oral

  A．innocent             B．gold                            C．office                   D．commitment

4．tension

  A．persuasion          B．division                C．revision                D．discussion

5．doubt

  A．double                B．roundabout          C．moustache           D．trouble

第二節(jié)；語法和詞匯知識（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）

從A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。

  6．They have a church built by themselves last year, and a school attended by 36pupils,

    they take great pride.

    A．who                           B．on which              C．which            D．in which

7．The program was so exciting that the children kept their eyes     on the screen.

    A．to fix                         B．to be fixed           C．fixed             D．fixing

8．―How about joining us in the game?

   ―I’m sorry. I have an urgent matter to        .

    A．relate to                            B．a(chǎn)ppeal to              C．a(chǎn)ttend to              D．refer to

9．―You will be there tomorrow ― you won’t       me down, will you?

   ―Of course not.

    A．bring                          B．keep                     C．knock            D．let

10．I’m not sure whether I will have anything else to do tomorrow.        ,I will try every possible means to come to the party.

    A．Besides                      B．Anyhow                     C．Therefore      D．Instead

11．―Sunny day, isn’t it?

    ―Let’s hope the sunny weather           for Saturday’s tennis match.

    A．carries on                   B．breaks up             C．keeps up              D．gets on

12．Two hundred guests attended       evening reception, held in    honor of the Prime Minister’s visit.

    A．a(chǎn)n;an                          B．不填；不填        C．a(chǎn)n;不填         D．不填;an

13．Steve was wearing a red silk shirt that didn’t      him at all.

    A．suit                                   B．meet                     C．satisfy           D．serve

14．     ,the condition will eventually result in blindness.

A．If left untreated                             B．Unless left untreated        

C．If leaving untreated                      D．Unless leaving untreated

  15．The organization has made a       to plant 5,000 trees in San Francisco.

    A．wonder               B．duty                     C．task                      D．commitment

16．―I’m going to Appleby tomorrow.

    ―         I’m going up there, too.

A．What a surprise!                             B．What a chance!

C．What a coincidence!                       D．What a luck!

17．―What do you mean by saying that?

    ―When I said some students are lazy, I      to you.

A．don’t refer                                      B．wouldn’t refer

C．hadn’t referred                               D．wasn’t referring

18．Comrade Zhang, an old soldier, gave us a clear       of the Long March at Yesterday’s meeting.

    A．impression          B．information          C．a(chǎn)ccount         D．contribution

19．―Will you meet Mr. Smith next month?

    ―Yes, I’ll meet him      I first met you.

    A．in that                 B．in which               C．the place where   D．where

20．―Is this school       some foreign friends visited the modern lab the other day?

    ―Yes, It is.

A．that                            B．in which               C．the one that         D．the one where

第三節(jié)：完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）

閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從21-40各題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項。

I’ve spent most of my career as a traveling salesman, so I know that battling homesickness is an occupational hazard(職業(yè)病).But one year, my little girl Jeanine gave me the cure 21 for my homesickness.

It was a toy 22 ,which stood about five inches tall. 23 to its left wing was a little sign saying “I Love My Day!”

On my next 24 ,I threw the penguin in my suitcase. That night when I  25 home, Jeanine was 26 that the penguin had disappeared. “Honey, I 27 him along.” I explained on the phone.

From then on, the penguin came with me ?as  28 as my shaving kit and we made friends 29  the way. Once a customs agent at New York’s Kennedy Airport dug the penguin out of my suitcase and, 30 it up, said, “That’s the most 31 thing that I have ever seen in all my years on the job. Thank God we don’t charge tax on 32 .”

One night, I discovered the penguin 33 ,and after several frantic(發(fā)瘋的)phone calls, I learned I’d left it in my previous hotel room, 34 it had been 35 by a maid. I drove a hundred miles to get it, and when I arrived at midnight, the penguin was 36 at the front desk. In the lobby(大廳),tired business travelers looked on at the reunion, with a touch of (一點兒) 37 ,I think.

Jeanine is in college now, and I don’t travel as much. The penguin sits on my dresser, a 38 that love is a wonderful traveling 39 .All those years on the road, it was the one thing I 40 left home without.

  21．A．suggestion             B．medicine       C．operation             D．a(chǎn)ction

22．A．cat                         B．dog               C．penguin                D．dolphin

23．A．Attached              B．Added          C．Contributed         D．Dolphin

24．A．programme            B．conference    C．interview             D．trip

25．A．called                     B．left                C．traveled               D．flew

26．A．pleased                  B．upset             C．frightened            D．proud

27．A．drove                            B．sent               C．brought                D．lost

28．A．interesting             B．important      C．heavy                   D．troublesome

29．A．a(chǎn)long                            B．behind          C．a(chǎn)t                         D．in

  30．A．holding                  B．keeping         C．wiping                 D．breaking

31．A．a(chǎn)ttractive               B．harmful         C．famous                 D．valuable

32．A．friendship              B．love               C．toys                      D．a(chǎn)nimals

33．A．following               B．missing         C．sticking                D．hurting

34．A．which                    B．why                     C．where                   D．when

35．A．thrown                   B．sold               C．rescued                D．cleaned

36．A．waiting                  B．escaping        C．dropping              D．cheering

37．A．a(chǎn)ppreciation           B．envy              C．responsibility       D．dislike

38．A．warning                 B．threat            C．responsibility       D．dislike

  39．A．cost                        B．picture          C．companion           D．tool

40．A．usually                   B．a(chǎn)lways          C．ever                      D．never

第二部分：閱讀理解（共25小題。第一節(jié)每小題2分，第二節(jié)每小題1分；滿分45分）

第一節(jié)：閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項。

A

Lions are more animals called prides. Prides can be as small as 3 or family animals and truly social in their own communities. They usually live in groups of 15 or as big as 40 animals. In a pride, lions hunt prey, raise cubs(幼獸),and defend their territory together.

In prides the females do most of the hunting and raising of the cubs. Usually all of the females in the pride are related-mothers, daughters, grandmothers, and sisters.

Each pride will generally have no more than two adult males. While the females usually live with the pride for life, the males often stay for only two to four years. After that they go off on their own or are evicted(逐出)by other males who take over the pride.

When a new male becomes part of the pride, it is not unusual for him to kill all the cubs, ensuring that all future lions born in the pride will have his genes.

The main job of males in the pride is defending the pride’s territory. A male’s loud roar, usually heard after sunset, can carry as far as eight kilometers. The roar warns off intruders(入侵者)and help round up lost members of the pride.

Hunting is generally done in the dark by the females. They often hunt in groups of two or three. After the kill the males usually eat first, females next,and young lions get what’s left.

  41．What is a pride?

A．a(chǎn) group of lions.                                    B．A territory of lions.

C．A wildlife park.                                     D．A large zoo.

42．Usually the number of lions in a pride varies       .

  A．form 15       to 40                                         B．form 3 to 40

C．form 3 to 15                                                 D．from 15 to 50

43．Which of the following provide most of the labor?

  A．The males.                                             B．only the mothers.

C．The young lions.                                    D．The females.

44．A male lion roars loudly to       .

  A．frighten its enemies                               B．help hunt prey

C．a(chǎn)ttract the females                                 D．call for help

B

Wendy Gallegos writes  "concer" on the board. One of her students raises her hand.

"Ms. Gallegos, you should have written 'conocer' instead,"  she said,  referring to the Spanish verb for "to know".

Gallegos looks at the board,   smiles and quickly erases her mistake.

"You see, I have taught you so well, you pick up on my mistakes," she said with a laugh.

To Gallegos, the scene in her classroom is typical of the children she teaches.   Gallegos teaches high school Spanish.  She became part of their lives and families for three years.  She is willing to help her children succeed. After a couple of years,  Gallegos'  class becomes like home. Gallegos' Spanish class is taught mostly in English in sixth grade. By the time the students are eighth-graders, they are speaking fewer words of English and more of Spanish during the 50-minute classes.

"My goal is to get my kids to say something in Spanish every day." she said. "I want them to be able to talk to me. That's why I help them.  I praise them.  I recognize them when they do good work. And we have fun. The day I stop having fun is the day I am going to consider a different job. "

If a student needs help, Gallegos offers the student a "lifesaver", which is help from a classmate. The lifesaver gets a piece of candy as a reward.  As the students said. "Gallegos' class is anything but boring." It is because of Gallegos'  efforts and determination that she is the teacher who they think is most deserving of one of Collier County's Golden Apple Awards.

"I don't teach a subject. I teach kids. This is what I was born to do." Gallegos said.

45.The scene in Gallegos' class is mentioned at the beginning of the passage to                 .

A. show Gallegos, as a teacher, makes a mistake

B. show her good teaching method in daily class

C. tell the relation between Gallegos and her students

D. point out the students' impolite behavior

46.The underlined sentence in Paragraph 6 implies that

A. Gallegos likes her job very much         B. having fun is Gallgeos’ goal

C. Gallegos is considering changing her job D. teaching Spanish will not last long

47.What made Gallegos get Golden Apple Award?

A. Her interesting class                    B. Her determination in study.

C. Rewarding her students with prizes.      D. Her efforts made to teach kids.

48.What would be the best title for the passage?

A. Spanish classes with fun                 B. Golden Apple Awards

C. This is what I was born to do            D. How to get along with kids

C

      As a young ice skater, I had flown pretty high, pretty quickly.  My partner and I won the Canadian junior pairs championship when I was 14. Later I was thrilled to  be  picked  to  skate  in  the  1994  Olympics  in lillehammer, Norway. But then everything came crashing down.

      We finished 12th at the Games.  I soon quit doubles skating and tried to continue in singles. But I wasn't good enough;  I didn't even compete in the next two national championships.  I felt like I was a somebody who had become  a nobody.

      I was 18 and had just graduated from high school, when my mum told me, "You can't just depend on skating to make a living. You' d better find a job." I knew she was right. So I found a job at a restaurant where I waited tables and did anything else that needed to be done.   In fact,  I worked so hard that I had never got the chance to have a break. No one cared that I had been an Olympic skater; I was judged only by how hard I worked.

      That job taught me so many things.  I learned,  for example, how to deal with people. As an athlete, this was new to me.  One day a man loudly called me over to his table and complained,    "This milk is sour.  I am not drinking this junk!  I want my money back! "  It was near the end of my shift (班) and I wanted to tell him how rude I thought he was. But I had learned that "the customer is always right" and a smile can go a long way. "I'm really sorry,  sir.  I'll get you a free cup."  I said with a smile. When I brought him his coffee, his attitude changed. And he left me a tip!

      My first job taught me that it is important to do your best at anything you try.  I knew nothing about being a waitress when 1 started my job but by the time I left when 1 decided to return to skating -- I had earned a raise and my boss's praise. They meant so much to me.

49.How did the author feel after she picked up singles skating?

A. Thrilled.                         B. Confident.

C. Disappointed.                     D. Proud.

50.What did the author do about the man's complaint?

A. She told him how rude he was.     B. She gave his money back.

C. She asked her boss for help.      D. She apologized with a smile.

51.We can learn from the passage that       .

A. the author did very well at the 1994 Olympics

B. the author was successful as a young ice skater

C. the author didn't follow her mother's advice

D. the author gave up her skating career

52.The passage is mainly about            .

A. the author's skating life            B. a lesson from skating

C. the author's first job               D. how to be a good waitress

D

Florence City Tour

    Admire beautiful panoramic views(全景)of Florence and the surrounding area，as well as some of the most famous monuments of F1orence on one of two city tours.

Morning tour：

    Travel along the romantic Viale dei Colli(科利林蔭道)up to Piazzale Michelangelo(米開朗基羅廣場)for a wonderful panorama of Florence―one of the most beautiful cities in the world．Then visit Academy Gallery and the famous Palatine Gallery，which contains some of the most important Italian artwork in the world. Complete your morning With a panoramic view of the Boboli Gardens and a guided tour of the Unique cathedral complex．

    Price:

    Adults f9&older)    From$49．92 each

    Children f2 to 8)    From$24．95 each

Afternoon tour：

  Start with a short journey to Fiesole，a delightful town of Etruscan origin positioned on the hills overlooking Florence and the into Valley．Venture into the Historic centre

of Florence for a guided tour of the Franciscan Church of Santa Croce where you Can see the tombs of Michelangelo，Machiavelli，Galileo，Rossini，and other famous Italian citizens．End your afternoon with a stop at the Uffizi Gallery．

Price：

Adults f9&older)    From$49．92 each

Children(2 to 8)    From$24．95 each

Duration：

3 hours

 Departure time:

Morning tour：9：30 AM

 Afternoon tour：2：30 PM

 Return time：

Morning tour：12：30 PM

 Afternoon tour：5：30 PM

 Note：

    The Cathedral cannot be visited on Sundays or National Holidays．  Should Academy Gallery be closed outside of its scheduled closing(other than Monday)，the tourists will visit the archaeological site of the Roman Theatre of Fiesole and Piazza Signoria．

53．In which of the following places would you expect to  see Works of famous Italian artists?

  A．Academy Gallery．                    B．The Uffizi Gallery．

  C．Palatine Gallery．                   D．The Boboli Gardens．

54．What will tourists do at the end of the morning tour?

  A．Visit Piazzale Michelangelo．        B．Visit Academy Gallery．

  C．Visit Palatine Gallery．             D．Visit a cathedral complex．

55．HOW much would they pay if a couple and their nine-year-old son have a morning tour?

  A．At least$149．92．                   B.At least$149．76．

  C．At most$99．85．                     D．At most $149．76．

56．How many places will tourists visit during the afternoon tour?

A．TWO．                             B．Three．

C．Four．                            D．Five．

E

    In the past I found myself under the impression that if I reached certain goals,  or succeeded in doing certain things then happiness would follow―in the short term I'll admit that it often did.

     The problem was that over time I realized that I wanted more-I wanted to feel joy on a more constant basis.   I didn't want it to be something I. had to continuously chase after. In other words I wanted a kind of happiness that didn't require me to achieve something in order to be happy.

    Fortunately I've come to the realization that for the most part I can choose to be happy on a daily basis.  In order to do this at times it may even mean faking it-better yet,  forcing the feelings Until the genuine happiness and gratefulness sets in.

    I've found that something as simple as smiling, can do wonders to help me see that I have in me the ability to choose to be happy.

     I'd strongly encourage you to take breaks during the day to think about those happy memories that you've collected in your life.

     Deciding to move forward and choosing happiness over sorrow is a tough choice. Sometimes you may feel as though you are fighting an uphill battle.  At other times it will seem that the dark clouds may never give way to the sunshine,  It is at those very moments that we have to remind ourselves that somewhere among whatever chaos (混亂)  may surround us -- we still have the choice to decide on happiness.

57. What would be the best title for the passage?

    A. Goals and happiness         B. Choose to be happy

    C. What is happiness           D. Success and happiness

58. In Paragraph 2, the author intends to           .

    A. describe his experience of achieving success

    B. tell that you can't be happy unless you succeed

    C. seek happiness on a more regular basis

    D.explain success doesn't mean true happiness

59. What does the underlined word "genuine" in Paragraph 3 probably mean?

    A. True.                                  B. Permanent.

    C. Simple.                                D. Unexpected.

60.The author suggests all of the following ways of creating feelings of happiness EXCEPT               .

    A. trying to be happy every day         B. actively choosing happiness

    C. setting goals that one can achieve    D. thinking about happy memories

第二節(jié)：根據(jù)對話內(nèi)容，從對話后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。E涂AB，F(xiàn)涂AC，G涂AD。

--I heard that you were a mountain climber before    61    .

--Sure. When mountain climbing in New Hampshire in 1982 we got lost for four days on the mountain  without any equipment or food. The temperature was  20 degrees below zero.

--So what happened?    62

--Yes, but we were very sick. I couldn't move my legs because of the cold. I spent two months in the hospital.   63__

--Right.  So you lost your legs, but you wanted to try your best to stay alive.

--That's right.  In fact, I decided to make some new legs for myself.  64 We could use modern technology to help us.

--And you built these great new legs.  65

--Yes, I can. In fact, these are better than climb shoes. The spring design means they are much more powerful.

A. Can you go mountain climbing again?

B. Sometimes I also had the idea to be a mountain climber again.

C. I guess someone found you, right?

D. The doctors removed my legs.

E. What' s the reason that you gave up this sport?

F. I realized that no one has to be physically disabled.

G. Are you fond of this sport?

第Ⅱ卷

第三部分：寫作（共三節(jié)，滿分55分）

第一節(jié)：單詞拼寫（共10題；每小題1分）

66．The businessman has     (捐贈)a lot of money to the hospital.

67．I often go to dinner with my       (同事)after work.

68．What the teacher said made the children        (使興奮).

69．During the first few moths everything went     (順利地).

70．His classmates      (祝賀)him on winning the race.

71．        (不幸地),she didn’t pass the driving test yesterday afternoon.

72．We spent hours on the phone to tell people the party was    (取消).

73．Children must learn to be    (體貼的)to others.

74．The house we bought just yesterday is well    (用家具布置).

75．The offer only    (應(yīng)用)to flights from London to Manchester.

第二節(jié)：短文改錯（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）

Dear Editor，

    My name is called Zhang Hong．I am a middle school          76.            

student．When I go to school every day，I can see a lot         77.            

sellers outside our school walls sell vegetables，fruits，fish，78.            

meat and SO on．Some even make dishes in the opening air．      79.            

They often shout at the top of their voices in order draw       80.            

people’s attention．We could hear the noises in the classroom  81.            

and cannot concentrate On our lessons．Beside．they             82.            

make the streets dirt．smelly and crowded．What a shame!        83.            

How we want to get the situation improved and have our          84.            

1essons in a quiet place! That’s how I write to you for help!  85.            

    Best wishes，

                                                                 Yours，

                                                                 Zhang Hong

第三節(jié)：書面表達(dá)（滿分25分）

假設(shè)你叫李華，是一名高三學(xué)生。自從進(jìn)入高三以后，你發(fā)現(xiàn)部分同學(xué)晚上學(xué)習(xí)到很晚，而且邊學(xué)習(xí)邊吃零食或喝可樂，早上則由于起床太晚而不吃早餐，你認(rèn)為這樣會對身體有害。請你根據(jù)這種現(xiàn)象，給《英語周報》寫封信。

注意：1、詞數(shù)：100左右；

2、開頭已給出，但不計入總詞數(shù)。

Dear Editor,

I am a high school student who will graduate nest year.                

Yours faithfully,

Li Hua

高三年級月考英語答題紙

第Ⅱ卷

第三部分：寫作（共三節(jié)，滿分55分）

第一節(jié)：單詞拼寫（共10題；每小題1分）

66．                (捐贈)           67．                (同事)

68．                (使興奮)         69．                (順利地)

70．                (祝賀)           71．                (不幸地)

72．                (取消)           73．                (體貼的)

74．                (用家具布置)     75．                (應(yīng)用)

第二節(jié)：短文改錯（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）

Dear Editor，

    My name is called Zhang Hong．I am a middle school            76.            

student．When I go to school every day，I can see a lot           77.            

sellers outside our school walls sell vegetables，fruits，fish，  78.            

meat and SO on．Some even make dishes in the opening air．        79.            

They often shout at the top of their voices in order draw         80.            

people’s attention．We could hear the noises in the classroom    81.            

and cannot concentrate On our lessons．Beside．they               82.            

make the streets dirt．smelly and crowded．What a shame!          83.            

How we want to get the situation improved and have our            84.            

1essons in a quiet place! That’s how I write to you for help!    85.            

    Best wishes，

                                                                 Yours，

                                                                 Zhang Hong

第三節(jié)：書面表達(dá)（滿分25分）

Dear Editor,

I am a high school student who will graduate nest year.                

Yours faithfully,

Li Hua

試題詳情

云南省昆明市2007―2008學(xué)年度高三教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測試題

理科綜合能力測試

       本試卷分第I卷（選擇題）和第II卷（非選擇題）兩部分。滿分300分，考試用時150分鐘。

第I卷（選擇題，共126分）

可能用到的相對原子質(zhì)量：H 1  O 16

本卷共21小題，每小題6分，共126分。

試題詳情

2008高考政治復(fù)習(xí)最后一個月重點解讀

漢壽一中   劉桃紅

試題詳情

海 淀 區(qū) 高 三 年 級 第 二 學(xué) 期 期 中 練 習(xí)

語   文

試題詳情

海 淀 區(qū) 高 三 年 級 第 二 學(xué) 期 期 中 練 習(xí)

語  文                     2008.4

本試卷分第Ⅰ卷(選擇題)和第Ⅱ卷兩部分。第Ⅰ卷1至4頁，第Ⅱ卷5至10頁，共150

分。考試時間150分鐘。

注意事項：1．答第Ⅰ卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的學(xué)校、班級、姓名填寫清楚。

2．第Ⅰ卷每小題選出答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需

   改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案。不能填在試卷上。

3．第Ⅱ卷的所有答案均答在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置上。

第Ⅰ卷(選擇題,共30分)

試題詳情

海淀區(qū)高三年級第二學(xué)期期中練習(xí)

試題詳情