云南省2009屆高三第二次統(tǒng)測
數(shù)學（理）
本試卷分第I卷（選擇題）和第II卷（非選擇題）兩部分�？荚嚱Y束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。滿分150分，考試用時120分鐘。
第Ⅰ卷（選擇題，共60分）
注意事項：
1．答題前，考生務必用黑色碳素筆將自己的姓名、準考證號、考場號、座位號在答題卡上填寫清楚，并認真核準條形碼上的準考證號、姓名、考場號、座位號及科目，在規(guī)定的位置貼好條形碼。
2．每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號。在試題卷上作答無效。
參考公式：
如果事件A、B互斥，那么 球的表面積公式
P(A+B)=P(A)+P(B)
測（數(shù)學理）.files/image002.gif)
如果事件A、B相互獨立，那么
P(A?B)=P(A)?P(B) 其中R表示球的半徑
如果事件A在一次試驗中發(fā)生的概率是 球的體積公式
P，那么n次獨立重復試驗中事件A恰 測（數(shù)學理）.files/image004.gif)
好發(fā)生k次的概率 其中R表示球的半徑
測（數(shù)學理）.files/image006.gif)
本卷共12小題，每小題5分，共60分。在每小題給出的四個選項中，只有一項是符合題目要求的。
云南省2009屆高三第二次統(tǒng)測
數(shù)學（文）
本試卷分第I卷（選擇題）和第II卷（非選擇題）兩部分�？荚嚱Y束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。滿分150分，考試用時120分鐘。
第Ⅰ卷（選擇題，共60分）
注意事項：
1．答題前，考生務必用黑色碳素筆將自己的姓名、準考證號、考場號、座位號在答題卡上填寫清楚，并認真核準條形碼上的準考證號、姓名、考場號、座位號及科目，在規(guī)定的位置貼好條形碼。
2．每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號。在試題卷上作答無效。
參考公式：
如果事件A、B互斥，那么 球的表面積公式
P(A+B)=P(A)+P(B)
測（數(shù)學文）.files/image002.gif)
如果事件A、B相互獨立，那么
P(A?B)=P(A)?P(B) 其中R表示球的半徑
如果事件A在一次試驗中發(fā)生的概率是 球的體積公式
P，那么n次獨立重復試驗中事件A恰 測（數(shù)學文）.files/image004.gif)
好發(fā)生k次的概率 其中R表示球的半徑
測（數(shù)學文）.files/image006.gif)
本卷共12小題，每小題5分，共60分。在每小題給出的四個選項中，只有一項是符合題目要求的。
1. Fireworks add to the attraction of the festival night.
2. "We're having a class," she said, adding that "it was a newly open kindergarten sponsored by the church."
3. Can you tell us the main point of the story?
4. "that's the man who did it," she said, pointing to me.
5. The robber pointed a gun at the bank clerk.
6. You will tell your friend that you are concerned bout him but you have to go to class.
7. Present at the meeting were leading members of the departments concerned.
8. This book deals with questions concerning Anti-Japanese War.
9. I will take my share of the expenses.,
10. He is the only person who shares my opinion.
11. I wonder if it's because I haven't been able to be outdoors for so long that I've grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.
12. You'll have to work like crazy to get this finished.
13. There is so much suffering in this world.
14. The
collapse of the
15. you will ignore the bell and go somewhere quiet to calm your friend down.
16. Please keep still while I take photos of you.
17. Please keep quiet when you're listening to your teacher.
18. All present were shocked by what the little girl went through when she was cheated and sold to the mountain village.
19. I
would not go to
20. It is the first time that she has talked with an English.
21. ---How come a simple meal like this costs so much?
a) ---We have included in your bill the cost of the cup you broke just now.
22. ---Will $200 cover the cost of the damage?
a) ---I'm afraid not. I need at least 100 more.
23. Actually, it was based more on German than present day English.
24. They presented a sum of money to the college in memory of their son.
25. The officer commanded his men to open fire.
26. He has good command of the French language.（掌握）
27. They recognized him as / to be a great leader.
28. Tom went off in one direction and Harry in another.
29. I give Mary full directions to enable her to find the house.（說明）
30. Generally speaking, when taken according to the directions, the drug has no side effect.
31. More than one official has served the people heart and soul.
32. He is more lazy than stupid.
33. The role that our army played in flood control is very important.
34. The question came up at the meeting whether we had enough money.
35. She came up with a new idea for increasing sales.
36. We should think of the problems that may come up in the future.
37. It came out that he had been stealing from his friends.
38. She wondered uneasily what use she would make of this opportunity.
39. You are really very kind. I'll never forget the favour you have done for me.
40. If better use is made of your spare time, you'll make great progress in it.
41. Imagine
that you live in
42. There are ten to choose from.
43. She did nothing but go away. / He has no choice but to lie down and lie down and sleep
44. We choose him as our monitor.
45. While shopping, people sometimes can't help being persuaded into buying something they don't really need.
46. He insisted on his correctness.
47. Jane insisted that she had done noting wrong and that she should be treated properly.
48. I insisted that a doctor be sent immediately.
49. The man insisted on finding a taxi for me even if I told him I lived nearby.
50. She gave me a determined look-the kind that said she wouldn't change her mind.
51. Determined to train his daughter in English, he put an ad like this in the paper, "Wanted, an English teacher for a ten-year-old girl."
52. He finally gave in to my view.
53. Jane tried to keep up a calm appearance, but her trembling voice gave her away.
54. Tom works very hard. His brother, on the contrary, doesn't do much at all.
55. The climate here doesn't agree with her.
56. Doctor don't agree about the medical effects of cold water swimming.（醫(yī)生們就冷水浴的醫(yī)療作用持不同態(tài)度）
57. You are silly not to have locked your car.
58. They were badly shocked by the news.
59. The peasant boy lay on his back on the ground with his hands trembing.
60. He burst into tears at the sad news./ He burst out crying at the sad news.
61. In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins.
62. He ruined his prospects by carelessness.
63. I judge it better to tell her the truth.
64. ---I apologize to you for my rudeness yesterday, Mary.
---Never mind, and I think little of it.
65. He got here earlier than usual.
66. The government is determind to put an end to terrorism.
67. He didn't go there by bike; he walked there, instead.
68. Instead
of seeing sights,
69. It is too long a journey to make in one day.
70. Her father advised her against marrying in haste.
2009年高考數(shù)學第二輪執(zhí)點專題測試：不等式（含詳解）
1. What he said led us to believe he was right.
2. Success lies in hard work while laziness can lead to failure.
3. All the leading newspapers reported the news.
4. Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.
5. His answer was so confused that I could hardly make sense of.
6. The mother didn't know who to blame for the broken glass as it happened while she was out.
7. Mr. Smith, tired of the boring speech, started to read a novel.
8. So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an earthquake outbreak.
9. He bought a computer the day he got his salary.
10. Not a single mistake did he make.
11. The flowers smelling sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature.
12. How do you suggest we（should）go to Beijing for our holidays.
13. Puzzled by his problem I didn't know how to answer.
14. You can easily clarify any problems if you study British history.
15. He divided his time between reading and writing. （在…之間平分）
16.
17. As we joined the big crowd I got separated from my friends.
18. Come and see me whenever it is convenient to you.
19. I kept my reference near my desk for convenience.
20. Under the influence of my friends, I bought a coat, too.
21. However, these industrial cities do not have historical attractions of other places.
22. Attracted
by the beauty of nature, the girl form
23. These tickets are available on the day of issue only.
24. Complete the exercise without referring to a dictionary.
25. Nowadays many farmers want to break away from their lands and make a living in the cities.
26. In copying this paper, be careful not to leave out any words.
27. The manager is in charge of the factory; that is to say, the factory is in the charge of him.
28. There seems to be something wrong with her.
29. My first impression of him was favorable（討人喜歡的）.
30. My father impressed value of hard work on me.
31. You reminded me of your father when you say that.
32. Many companies are suffering from a shortage of skilled staff.
33. The hospital aims to ease the sufferings of the dying.
34. He lacks confidence.
35. The trip was cancelled for lack of time.
36. The book is completely lacking in originality.
37. Though lacking money, his parents managed to send him to university.
38. I have been known to faint at the sight of blood.
39. Out of sight, out of mind.
40. He assisted us to establish a new company.
41. Two students assisted me with the experiment.
42. They came to our assistance soon after they received our phone.（以上用法同aid）
43. These pets require a lot of care and attention.
44. The house requires（needs/ wants）cleaning / to be cleaned.,
45. All passengers are required to show their tickets.
46. All of us required of him whether he had heard form Helen recently.（require sth.of sb.）
47. They are working against time to get people out of the rubble alive.
48. When his parents died he had to learn to stand on his own feet.
49. Make sure that no one finds out about this.
50. We must study English hard, or we are not good at English, are we?（并列句的反意疑問句就近一致）
51. We are good friends though he is ten years senior to me.
52. Please state your name, age and occupation below.
53. He occupies himself in collecting stamps.
54. In case it rains, the picnic will be put off to next week.
55. I shall stay at home all day in case there is news of my daughter.
56. Stop talking and concentrate on your work.
57. I decided to concentrate all my efforts on finding somewhere to live.
58. The police had to employ（use）force to break into the building.
59. He often accuses me of my carelessness.
60. The door opens and closes of itself.
61. We say a good reporter must have a "nose" for a story.
62. It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star.
→Not until she took off her dark glasses did I realize she was a famous film star.
63. John was presented with his award at a ceremony which recognized（承認功績等）the bravery of ten people who had saved the life of another.
64. Most students have been present at the speech by Mr. Smith but some naughty boys were absent form it.
65. It's so hot today, but the electric fan isn't working.
66. His father is electrical engineer.
67. It so happened that I had no money with me.（碰巧）
→ I happened to have no money with me.
→ As it happens, I had no money with me.
68. I finally managed to get the car working again.
69. When did you get knowing him?
70. The teacher got us to discuss the problems by ourselves.
71. You will get to understand the importance of learning English soon.
72. Look! That Mr. Smith gets drunk again.
73. You'd better get your hair cut. It's too long for a boy student.
2009屆高三化學各地月考試題匯編：反應熱（2）
1．（武漢一中新疆班09高三年級化學）（15分）根據(jù)下列事實完成下列反應方程式：
（1）AsH3是一種很強的還原劑，室溫下，它能在空氣中自燃，其氧化產物為As2O3，寫出反應的化學方程式
（2）NaNO3與氫碘酸反應，放出NO氣體并有單質碘生成
（3）白磷在一定條件下可被HClO3的水溶液氧化，生成磷的最高價態(tài)化合物，而氯元素被還原為最低價態(tài) ______________________________________
（4）砷為氮族元素，其氧化物As2O3俗稱砒霜，有劇毒可用馬氏試砷法來檢驗，其原理是：將鋅、鹽酸和食物試樣混合，若含有砒霜，則會產生砷化氫氣體，這一反應的離子方程式是
（5）在火箭推進器中裝有強還原劑肼（N2H4）和強氧化劑H2O2，當它們混合時，即產生大量氮氣和水蒸氣，并放出大量熱。已知0.4 mol液態(tài)肼和足量液態(tài)H2O2反應,生成氮氣和水蒸氣,放出256.65 kJ的熱量。寫出此反應的熱化學方程式： 。
答案
（1） 2AsH3+3O2= As2O3+3H2O （2）2NaNO3+8HI=2NO+3I2+2NaI+4H2O
（3）3P4+10 HClO3 +18H2O=12H3PO4+10HCl （4）6Zn+As2O3+12H+=6Zn2++2AsH3↑+3H2O
（5）N2H4（l）+2 H2O 2（l）= N2(g) + 4H2O(g); △H= -641.625 kJ.mol-1
2．(重慶北山中學高2009級08～09學年度上期期末) (14分)反應A(g)+B(g)
C(g) +D(g)過程中的能量變化如圖所示，回答下列問題。
(1)該反應是____________________反應(填“吸熱”“放熱”)；
(2)當反應達到平衡時，升高溫度，A的轉化率______(填“增大”“減小”“不變”)，
原因是________________________________________________________________________________；
(3)反應體系中加入催化劑對反應熱是否有影響?_______________，原因是_____________________________。
(4)在反應體系中加入催化劑，反應速率增大，E1和E2的變化是：E1_____，E2______(填“增大”“減小”“不變”)。
答案
．(14分) (1)放熱。
(2)減��；該反應正反應為放熱反應，升高溫度使平衡向逆反應方向移動。
(3)不影響；催化劑不改變平衡的移動。
(4)減小、減小。
3．(重慶北山中學高2009級08～09學年度上期期末)工業(yè)上制備純硅反應的熱化學方程式如下： SiCl4(g)＋2H2(g)===Si(s)＋4HCl(g)；△H＝＋QkJ?mol－1(Q＞0)某溫度、壓強下，將一定量的反應物通入密閉容器進行以上的反應(此條件下為可逆反應)，下列敘述正確的是( D )
A．反應過程中，若增大壓強能提高SiCl4的轉化率
B．若反應開始時SiCl4為1mol，則達到平衡時，吸收熱量為QkJ
C．反應至4min時，若HCl的濃度為0.12mol?L－1，則H2的反應速率為0.03mol/(L?min)
D．當反應吸收熱量為0.025QkJ時，生成的HCl通入100mL1mol?L－1的NaOH恰好反應
4．(飛龍中學2009屆理科復習班第四次理科綜合 )（17分）現(xiàn)有A、B、C、D、E、F六種短周期元素，原子序數(shù)依次增大。已知A與D、C與E分別同主族，D、E、F同周期；A、B的最外層電子數(shù)之和與C的最外層電子數(shù)相等，A與C形成的化合物常溫下均為液態(tài)，A分別與E、F形成的氣體分子電子總數(shù)相等。
請回答下列問題：
(1)元素B在周期表中的位置是_____________________，元素D的原子結構示意圖為_________________________。
(2)A、D、E 3種元素形成一種離子化合物，其水溶液呈堿性，試用離子方程式表示該溶液中存在的所有平衡______________________________________
________________________________________________________________。
(3)A
(4)在一定條件下，A、C的單質和A、C、D形成的離子化合物的水溶液可構成電池，該電池正極的電極反應式為_________________________________，負極的電極反應式為______________________________；該電池在放電過程中，電解質溶液的pH將___________(填“增大”、“減小”或“不變”)。
(5)化合物B
_________________________________________________________________。
答案
5．(綿中高2009級第五期第三次學月考試)已知一定溫度和壓強下，合成氨反應：N2（g）+3H2(g) 
2NH3(g)；△H=-92.0KJ?mol-1
將1mol N2和3mol H2充入一密閉容器中，保持恒溫恒壓，在催化劑存在時進行反應，達到平衡時，測得N2的轉化率為20%。若在相同條件下，起始時在該容器中充入2mol NH3，反應達到平衡時的熱量變化是（ C�。﹚ww.ks5u.com
A．吸收18.4KJ熱量 B．放出18.4KJ熱量
C．吸收73.6KJ熱量 D．放出73.6KJ熱量
6．(江寧高級中學08~09學年度第一學期高三年級12月月考三 校 聯(lián) 考 )中學化學教材中有大量數(shù)據(jù)，下列為某同學對數(shù)據(jù)的利用情況，其中不正確的是( C )
A．用反應物、產物中鍵能數(shù)據(jù)可判斷對應反應的反應熱
B．用沸點數(shù)據(jù)推測將一些液體混合物用分鎦的方法分離開來的可能性
C．用反應熱數(shù)據(jù)的大小判斷不同反應的反應速率的快慢
D．用鹵素陰離子半徑數(shù)據(jù)推斷其還原性的強弱
7．(河南省鄭州市一中2009屆高三年級11月期中考 )下列關于熱化學反應的描述中正確的是( B )
A．HCI和NaOH反應的中和熱ΔH＝－57．3kJ／mol，則H2SO4和Ca(OH) 2反應的中
和熱△H＝2×(－57．3)KJ／mol
B．CO(g)的燃燒熱是283．0kJ／mol，則2CO2 (g)＝2CO(g)＋O2 (g)反應的
△H＝2×283．0kJ／molw.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m
C．需要加熱才能發(fā)生的反應一定是吸熱反應
D．1mol甲烷燃燒生成氣態(tài)水和二氧化碳所放出的熱量是甲烷的燃燒熱
8．(河南省實驗中學高三年級2008―2009學年上期期中考試)紅磷P(s)和Cl2(g)發(fā)生反應生成PCl3(g)和PCl5(g)。反應過程和能量關系如圖所示(圖中的△H表示生成1mol產物的數(shù)據(jù))。
根據(jù)右圖回答下列問題：
(1)原子最外層電子均達到8電子結構的分子是
（選填“PCl
(2)P和Cl2反應生成PCl3的熱化學方程式
______ _。
(3) PCl5分解成PCl3和Cl2的熱化學方程式__________________ _ 。
(4)PCl5與足量水充分反應，最終生成兩種酸，其化學方程式是
________________ ___ __。
答案
.（1）PCl3
(2) P(s)＋Cl2(g)=== PCl3(g)；△H＝－306kJ?mol－1 （3分）
(3) PCl5(g)===PCl3(g)＋Cl2(g)；△H＝+93kJ?mol－1 （3分）
（4）PCl5＋4H2O===H3PO4＋5HCl。
w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m
9．(石家莊二中2008―2009學年度高三第一學期期中考試)（6分）鈹是一種高效率的火箭燃料，鈹在燃燒時能釋放出巨大的能量：每千克鈹完全燃燒放出的熱量為627100kJ。
（1）寫出鈹燃燒的熱化學方程式：
（2）寫出氧化鈹與鹽酸的反應的離子方程式：
10．(石家莊二中2008―2009學年度高三第一學期期中考試)已知反應：①101kPa時,
②稀溶液中，H+（aq）+OH―（aq）=H2O（1）；△H=－57.3kJ/mol
③紅磷的化學式為P，白磷的化學式為P4，已知
P4（s）+5O2（g）=P4O10（s）；△H=－3093.5kJ/mol
4P（s）+5O2（g）=P4O10（s）；△H=－2954.0kJ/mol
下列結論正確的是 （ B ）
A．由于紅磷轉化為白磷是放熱反應，等質量的紅磷能量比白磷低
B．碳的燃燒熱大于110.5kJ/mol
C．稀硫酸與稀NaOH溶液反應的中和熱△H=57.3kJ/mol
D．稀醋酸與稀NaOH溶液反應生成1mol水，放出57.3kJ熱量
11．(自貢市高2009級高三理科綜合能力測試“一�！�)第29屆奧運會已在北京舉行,體操王子李寧凌空點火舉世矚目。2008年北京奧運會“祥云”火炬采用的是環(huán)保型燃料---丙烷（C3H8），悉尼奧運會火炬所用燃料為65%丁烷（C4H10）和35%丙烷，已知丙烷的燃燒熱為：2221.5kJ/mol，下列有關說法正確的是( B )
A.丙烷的沸點比正丁烷高
B.奧運火炬燃燒主要是將化學能轉變?yōu)闊崮芎凸饽?/p>
C.丙烷、空氣及鉑片可組成燃料電池，在丙烷附近的鉑極為電池的正極
D.丙烷燃燒的熱化學方程式為：C3H8(g)+5O2(g)→3CO2(g)+4H2O(g)；△H=?2221.5kJ/mol
12. (重慶八中高2009屆級高三周末檢測 )下列說法中正確的是( A )
A．已知：2H2O(l)
= 2H2(g) + O2(g)；
H2O(l) = H2(g) +
O2(g)；
則
B．SO2通入硝酸鋇溶液出現(xiàn)白色沉淀，該白色沉淀是BaSO3
C．因為常溫下白磷可自燃，而氮氣須在放電時才與氧氣反應，所以非金屬性：P> N
D．1 mol H2SO4與 1 mol Ba(OH)2反應生成 BaSO4沉淀時放出的熱叫做中和熱
13. (2008~2009學年度第一學期高三期中聯(lián)考) (8分) (1)．1840年，俄國化學家蓋斯（Hess）指出：“一個化學反應，不論是一步完成，還是分幾步完成，其總的熱效應是完全相同的�！边@就是著名的“蓋斯定理”。現(xiàn)已知在101KPa下CH4、H2、C（固）的燃燒熱分別為890.83KJ ?mol-1、285.83 KJ?mol-1和393.51 KJ?mol-1,則反應C(s)+2H2(g)=CH4(g)的反應熱△H＝ ▲ ，根據(jù)以上信息，你認為“蓋斯定理”在我們確定一些化學反應的反應熱時有何重要意義 ▲ 。
(2)．氯化銀在水中存在沉淀溶解平衡：
答案
（1）-74.34 KJ ?mol-1
對于一些很難用實驗方法直接測定熱量的化學反應的反應熱可以用“蓋斯定理”間接測定
（2）①>②>④>③ 6×10-10w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m
14．(09屆南陽三倉高三化學聯(lián)考)下列敘述中，不正確的是(D )
A．在相同條件下，焓變小于0而熵變大于0的反應肯定能自發(fā)進行
B．升高溫度會加快化學反應速率，其原因是增加了活化分子的百分數(shù)
C．青石棉的化學式為Na2Fe5Si8O22(OH)2，用氧化物的形式可表示為：
Na2O?3FeO?Fe2O3?8SiO2?H2O
D．某離子被沉淀完全時，該離子在溶液中的濃度即為0
15．(09屆南陽三倉高三化學聯(lián)考) (14分)⑴北京奧運會“祥云”火炬燃料是丙烷(C3H8)，亞特蘭大奧運會火炬燃料是丙烯(C3H6)。
①丙烷脫氫可得丙烯。
已知：C3H8(g)→CH4(g)＋HC≡CH(g)＋H2(g) △H1＝156.6 kJ?mol-1
CH3CH＝CH2(g)→CH4(g)＋HC≡CH(g) △H2＝32.4 kJ?mol-1
則相同條件下，反應C3H8(g)→CH3CH＝CH2 (g)+H2(g)的△H＝ kJ?mol-1。
②以丙烷為燃料制作新型燃料電池，電池的正極通入O2和CO2，負極通入丙烷，電解質是熔融碳酸鹽。電池反應總方程式為
；放電時，CO32－移
向電池的 （填“正”或“負”）極。
⑵反應A(g)+B(g)
C(g)+D(g)過程中的能量變化如圖所示，回答下列問題。
①該反應是_______________反應（填“吸熱”“放熱”）；
②在反應體系中加入催化劑，反應速率增大，E1和E2的變化是：E1_________，E2________（填“增大”“減小”“不變”）；
③反應體系中加入催化劑對反應熱是否有影響？_____________，原因是______________
______________________________________________________________________ ____。
答案
．（14分）⑴ ①124.2（2分） ②C3H8＋5O2＝3CO2＋4H2O（2分） 負 （2分）
⑵ ①放熱 （2分） ②減小 （2分） 減�。�2分）
③不影響（1分） 催化劑不改變平衡的移動 （1分）
16．(湖南汝城二中09高三第四次月考 )（6分）火箭推進器中盛有強還原劑液態(tài)肼（N2H4）和強氧化劑液態(tài)雙氧水，它們混合反應，生成氮氣和水蒸氣。已知混合物共1摩爾且恰好完全反應時放出256.6kJ的熱量。
（1）該反應的熱化學方程式為 。
（2）又已知H2O（l）=H2O（g）；ΔH=+44kJ/mol。則
（3）此反應除釋放大量熱和快速產生大量氣體外，還有一個很大的優(yōu)點是 。
元素編號
元素特征信息
A
其單質是密度最小的物質
B
陰離子帶有兩個單位的負電荷，單質是空氣的主要成分之一
C
其陽離子與B的陰離子具有相同的電子層結構，且核電荷數(shù)與B相差3
D
與C同周期，且最外層電子是C的3倍
E
與D同周期，原子半徑在該周期中最小
答案
、（6分）（1）N2H4(l)+2H2O(l)==N2(g)+4H2O(g)；H=-769.8KJ/mol
（2） 472.9KJ
（3） 產物為水和氮氣，不會污染環(huán)境 （每空2分）
17．(鄭州市101中學2009屆高三9月月考試卷)下列有關熱化學方程式的敘述正確的是( C )
A．已知2H2(g)+O2(g)=== 2H2O(g)；△H=-483.6kJ/mol，則H2的燃燒熱為241.8kJ/mol
B．已知C（石墨，s）
C（金剛石，s）；△H>0，則金剛石比石墨穩(wěn)定
C．含
中和熱的熱化學方程式為：NaOH（ag）+HCl（ag）NaCl（ag）+H2O（l）；△H=-57.4kJ/mol
D．已知
18．(鄭州市101中學2009屆高三9月月考試卷) (7分)在化學反應中，只有極少數(shù)能量
比平均能量高得多的反應物分子發(fā)生碰撞時
才可能發(fā)生化學反應，這些分子被稱為活化
分子。使普通分子變成活化分子所需提供的
最低限度的能量叫活化能，其單位通常用
kJ?mol-1表示。請認真觀察右圖，然后回答問題。
（1）圖中所示反應是________(填“吸熱”或“放熱”)反應，該反應_______(填“需要”或“不需要”)加熱，該反應的△H =________(用含E1、E2的代數(shù)式表示）。
（2）已知熱化學方程式：H2(g)＋1/2O2(g) = H2O(g) △H = - 241.8 kJ?mol-1，該反應的活化能為167.2 kJ?mol-1，則其逆反應的活化能為____________________。
（3）對于同一反應，圖中虛線（Ⅱ）與實線（Ⅰ）相比，活化能大大降低，活化分子百分數(shù)增多，反應速率加快，你認為最可能的原因是_________________________。
答案
（1）放熱； 需要； -(E1 - E2) kJ?mol-1
（2）409 kJ?mol-1； （3）使用了催化劑。
19、(浙江省富陽新中2008（上）高三期中考試)工業(yè)上制備純硅反應的熱化學方程式如下：
SiCl4（g）+2H2（g）
Si（s）+4HCl（g）;
△H=+QKJ
/mol（Q＞0），某溫度、壓強下，
將一定量反應物通入密閉容器進行以上反應，下列敘述正確的是 ( C )
A、反應過程中，若壓縮容器體積，增大壓強能提高SiCl4的轉化率
B、若反應開始時SiCl4為1 mol,則達平衡時，吸收熱量為Q kJ
C、當反應吸收熱量為0.025Q kJ時，生成的HCl通入100 mL 1 mol/L的NaOH溶液恰好反應
D、反應至4 min時，若HCl濃度為0.12 mol/L,則H2的反應速率為0.03 mol/（L?min）
20、(2009年高考理綜12月化學考試題)、最近羅馬大學Fulvio Cacace等人獲得了極具理論研究意義的N4分子,N4分子結構如右圖所示（與白磷P4相似）。已知斷裂1mol N―N吸收167kJ熱量,生成1mol 
放出942kJ熱量。由此判斷下列說法正確的是( D
)
A．N4屬于一種新型的化合物 B．N4與N2互為同分異構體
C．N4沸點比P4（白磷）高 D．1molN4氣體轉變?yōu)镹2將放出882kJ熱量
21. (通遼一中08-09學年度高三第一學期第一次考試) (4分) ①甲硅烷(SiH4)是一種無色氣體，遇到空氣能發(fā)生爆炸性自燃，生成SiO2和水，已知室溫下
②13gC2H2(g)完全燃燒生成CO2和H2O(l)時放出650kJ熱量，該反應燃燒熱的化學方程式為________________________________________________。
答案
. (4分)① SiH4(g)+2O2(g)==SiO2(s)+2H2O(1) △H==－1427.2kJ／mol
②C2H2(g)+2.5O2(g)＝2CO2(g)+ H2O(1)；△H＝－1300kJ／mol
22. (通遼一中08-09學年度高三第一學期第一次考試) 1gH2(g)燃燒生成液態(tài)水放出
142．9kJ的熱量，表示該反應的熱化學方程式正確的是
A．2H2(g)+O2(g)＝2H2O(1)；△H=－142．9kJ／MOl
B．2H2(g)+O2(g)＝2H2O(1)；△H=－571.6kJ／mol
C．2H2+O2＝2H2O；△H=－571．6kJ／mol
D．H2(g)+
O2(g)=H2O(g); △H＝－285．8kJ／mol
23．(湖北省天門中學08-09學年高三年級（實驗班）十一月考試卷)將V1 mL 1.0 mol/L HCl溶液和V2 mL未知濃度的NaOH溶液混合均勻后測量并記錄溶液溫度，實驗結果如圖所示(實驗中始終保持V1＋V2＝50 mL)。下列敘述正確的是（ B ）
A．做該實驗時環(huán)境溫度為
C．NaOH溶液的濃度約是1.00 mol/L D．該實驗表明有水生成的反應都是放熱反應
24．(2008年秋季湖北省部分重點中學期中聯(lián)考)根據(jù)熱化學方程式：S（s）+O
2（g）====SO
2（g）；△H=
kJ?mol
（
297．2）分析，下列說法不正確的是(B )
A．S （s）在O2（g）中燃燒的反應是放熱反應w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m
B．S（g）+O
2（g）====SO
2（g）；△H=
kJ?mol，則
C．
D．1 mol SO 2（g）所具有的能量低于1 mol S（s）與1 mol O 2（g）所具有的能量之和
25、( 廣東天河中學09高三模擬)下列表述中正確的是( A )
A．1mol NaOH分別和1mol CH3COOH、1molHNO3反應，后者比前者放出的熱量多
B．由C（石墨）→C（金剛石）△H=+119kJ?mol―1可知，金剛石比石墨穩(wěn)定
C．在AgNO3溶液中加入過量的稀鹽酸后，溶液中不存在Ag＋
D． 任何能使熵值增大的過程都能自發(fā)進行
26、( 廣東天河中學09高三模擬)（12分）工業(yè)制硫酸生產流程如下圖：
|
2 SO3(g) ;△H= －Q kJ/mol（Q＞0），則下列說法正確的是 ( A
)
= -989.2/kJ?mol-1，則X的值為( B )
FeO(s)+CO(g)；△H=Q1的平衡常數(shù)為K1，反應②Fe(s)+H2O(g)
A．縮小容器體積 B．降低溫度 C．使用合適的催化劑 
)＞c(HCO
)＞c(OH-)＞c(H+)（2分）
H2S↑＋2OH－
醋酸溶液加大量水稀釋后，溶液的pH增大
H++ SO42－，又知0.1mol?L－1NaH SO4溶液的pH = 2。則下列說法不正確的是
( B )
NH3↑+H2O
HClO + OH－是酸堿反應
B．
C．
D．
減小
，溶液的漂白性增強
)在水中的電離方程式是：
回答下列問題：
溶液中氫離子的物質的量濃度應 
(填“>”、“<”或“=”)，理由是
。
溶液顯 (填“酸性”、“中性”或“堿性”)。理由是(用離子方程式表示)
。NaHA液溶中離子濃度的大小順序是：
。 
溶液能否發(fā)生反應? ，能反應的寫出離子方程式
部分電離且
，抑制了
; (2分) 
(2分) (不完全正確不給分)
(2分)
H++A2－。現(xiàn)有下列四種溶液：
A．溶液②中存在水解平衡：HA―+H2O H
溶液呈酸性、
溶液呈堿性�，F(xiàn)有濃度均為0.1mol?
的
)＞c(
)＞c(
)＞c(
)＞c(
)
)＝c(