Question

【題目】任務(wù)型閱讀

請認(rèn)真閱讀下列短文，并根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一個最恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。

注意：請將答案寫在答題卡上相應(yīng)題號的橫線上。每個空格只填1個單詞。

Simon Sinek is naturally shy and doesn’t like speaking to crowds. At parties, he says he hides alone in the corner or doesn’t even show up in the first place. He prefers the latter. Yet, with some 22 million video views under his belt, the optimistic ethnographer also happens to be the third most-watched TED Talks presenter of all time.

Sinek’s unlikely success as both an inspirational speaker and a bestselling author isn’t just dumb luck. It’s the result of fears faced and erased, trial and error and tireless practice, on and off stage. Here are his secrets for delivering speeches that inspire, inform and entertain.

Don’t talk right away.

Sinek says you should never talk as you walk out on stage. “A lot of people start talking right away, and it’s out of nerves,” Sinek says. “That communicates a little bit of insecurity and fear.”

Instead, quietly walk out on stage. Then take a deep breath, find your place, wait a few seconds and begin. “I know it sounds long and tedious and it feels excruciatingly awkward when you do it,” Sinek says, “but it shows the audience you’re totally confident and in charge of the situation.”

Show up to give, not to take.

Often people give presentations to sell products or ideas, to get people to follow them on social media, buy their books or even just to like them. Sinek calls these kinds of speakers “takers,” and he says audiences can see through these people right away. And, when they do, they disengage.

“We are highly social animals,” says Sinek. “Even at a distance on stage, we can tell if you’re a giver or a taker, and people are more likely to trust a giver — a speaker that gives them value, that teaches them something new, that inspires them — than a taker.”

Speak unusually slowly.

When you get nervous, it’s not just your heart beat that quickens. Your words also tend to speed up. Luckily Sinek says audiences are more patient and forgiving than we know.

“They want you to succeed up there, but the more you rush, the more you turn them off,” he says. “If you just go quiet for a moment and take a long, deep breath, they’ll wait for you. It’s kind of amazing.”

Turn nervousness into excitement.

Sinek learned this trick from watching the Olympics. A few years ago he noticed that reporters interviewing Olympic athletes before and after competing were all asking the same question. “Were you nervous?” And all of the athletes gave the same answer: “No, I was excited.” These competitors were taking the body’s signs of nervousness — clammy hands, pounding heart and tense nerves — and reinterpreting them as side effects of excitement and exhilaration.

When you’re up on stage you will likely go through the same thing. That’s when Sinek says you should say to yourself out loud, “I’m not nervous, I’m excited!”

Say thank you when you’re done.

Applause is a gift, and when you receive a gift, it’s only right to express how grateful you are for it. This is why Sinek always closes out his presentations with these two simple yet powerful words: thank you.

“They gave you their time, and they’re giving you their applause.” Says Sinek. “That’s a gift, and you have to be grateful.”

Passage outline	Supporting details
【1】to Simon Sinek	●He is by【2】shy and dislikes making speeches in public. ●Through his【3】effort, he enjoys great success in giving speeches.
Tips on delivering speeches	●Avoid talking 【4】for it indicates you’re nervous. ●Keep calm and wait a few seconds before talking, which will create an 【5】that you are confident.
	●Try to be a giver rather than a taker because in【6】with a taker, a giver can get more popular and accepted. ●Teach audience something new that they can【7】from.
	●Speak a bit slowly just to help you stay calm. ●Never speed up while speaking in case you【8】the audience.
	●Switch nervousness to excitement by 【9】the example of Olympic athletes.
	●Express your 【10】to the audience for their time and pplause to conclude your speech.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】Introduction

【2】nature

【3】constant / tireless / continuous

【4】immediately / instantly

【5】impression

【6】comparison / contrast

【7】benefit / learn

【8】bore / disgust

【9】following / copying

【10】gratitude / thanks / appreciation

【解析】

試題分析：西蒙斯涅克天生靦腆，連派對都不敢參加，但經(jīng)過不知疲倦的練習(xí)，他最終成為史上最受歡迎的TED演講者之一。如果你認(rèn)真領(lǐng)會并踐行他提供的建議，你或許也可以成為一位魅力四射的演講達(dá)人。

【1】Introduction由全文第一段可知，此段為西蒙斯涅克個人簡單介紹。Introduction介紹，引言;名詞，可置于of前。故填I(lǐng)ntroduction

【2】nature 由第一段第一句，Simon Sinek is naturally shy西蒙斯涅克天生靦腆。此空by譯為天生的額，后接nature原形。故填nature

【3】constant / tireless / continuous由第二段最后一句It’s the result of fears faced and erased, trial and error and tireless practice, on and off stage句意：他的成功源自他在臺上臺下無數(shù)次面對恐懼又戰(zhàn)勝恐懼，反復(fù)試錯，不知疲倦的練習(xí)。故填constant / tireless / continuous

【4】immediately / instantly第一點建議為，Don’t talk right away不要一開場就滔滔不絕。即Avoid talking（此空副詞形式），故填immediately / instantly

【5】impression第一點建議中 but it shows the audience you’re totally confident and in charge of the situation.得知要創(chuàng)造一個自信的印象create an impression that you are confident.故填impression

【6】comparison / contrast第二點建議末尾處than a taker，得知這是在比較giver和taker，故填comparison / contrast

【7】benefit / learn第二點建議末尾處，teaches them something new，得知觀眾從中受益或受教�？紤]到后接form，故填benefit / learn

【8】bore / disgust第三點建議中They want you to succeed up there, but the more you rush, the more you turn them off他們希望你的演講成功，但你說話的速度越快，就會越讓人失望。故填bore / disgust

【9】following / copying 第四點建議開頭處，Sinek learned this trick from watching the Olympics. 句意：斯涅克在看奧運會比賽的時候?qū)W會了這一點。故填following / copying

【10】gratitude / thanks / appreciation 第六點建議Say thank you when you’re done. 掌聲是聽眾給你的禮物，而在收到禮物時，你應(yīng)該表達(dá)自己的感激之情。故填gratitude / thanks / appreciation